Ch 1 Into To The Body Flashcards
(98 cards)
1
Q
Anatomy is?
A
The study of structure of an organism and the relationships of its parts
2
Q
Anatomy is derived from two words parts that mean
A
Cutting apart
3
Q
Anatomist
A
Learn about the structure of the human body by cutting it apart
4
Q
Physiology
A
Is the study of the functions of living organisms and their parts
5
Q
The valves and muscles of the hollow heart have?
A
A structure that makes the forceful pumping of blood possible
6
Q
A hypothesis is a?
A
Reasonable guess based on previous informal observations or on previously tested explanations
7
Q
After a hypothesis has been proposed, it must be?
A
Tested
8
Q
Hypothesis testing process is called?
A
Experimentation
9
Q
Experimental controls are used to?
A
Ensure that the test situation is not affecting the results
10
Q
A test group is?
A
A group getting the drug
11
Q
A control group is?
A
The group getting the substitute
12
Q
A hypothesis that has gained a high level of confidence is called?
A
Theory or law
13
Q
The metric system is?
A
A decimal system in which measurement of length is based on the meter and weight or mass is based on the gram
14
Q
1 kilometer is
A
1,000 meters
15
Q
1 meter(m) is
A
39.37 inches
16
Q
1 centimeter(cm) is
A
1/100 m
17
Q
1 millimeter (mm) is
A
1/1,000 m
18
Q
1 micrometer (um) or micron (u) is
A
1/1,000,000 m
19
Q
1 nanometers (nm) is
A
1/1,000,000,000 m
20
Q
1 angstrom (A) is
A
1/10,000,000,000
21
Q
Organization progress from
A
The least complex(chemical level) to the most complex(organism level)
22
Q
The most important characteristics of body structure is
A
Organization
23
Q
The body is made up of
A
Trillions of smaller structures
24
Q
Atoms and molecules are referred to as
A
Chemical level
25
What is the smallest living units of structure and function in our body?
Cells
26
A tissue is a?
Organization of many cells that act together to perform a common function
27
Cells and tissues are held together and surrounded by
Varying amounts and varieties of gluelike, nonliving intercellular substances
28
An organ is a
Group of several different kinds of tissue
29
A system is?
An organization of varying numbers and kinds of organs
30
Modern anatomy started in?
The renaissance in Europe
31
Cadavers
Persevered human remains
32
Supine and prone are
Terms used to describe the position of the body when it’s not in the anatomical position
33
Supine position is?
The body is lying facing upward
34
The prone position is?
The body is lying facing downward
35
Superior means
Toward the head also means upper or above
36
Inferior means
Toward the feet also means lower or below
37
Anterior means
Front or in front of
38
Posterior means
Back or in back of
39
Dorsal means
Toward the back
40
Medial means
Toward the midline of the body
41
Lateral means
Toward the side of the body or away from its midline
42
Proximal means
Toward or nearest the trunk of the body or nearest point of origin of one of its parts
43
Distal means
Away from or farthest from the trunk or the point of origin of a body part
44
Superficial means
Nearer the surface
45
Deep means
Farther away from the body structure
46
Abbreviations for rosettes compess
```
A anterior
D distal
I inferior
(Opposite M) L lateral
(Opposite R) L left
M medial
(Opposite A) P posterior
(Opposite D) P proximal
R right
S superior
```
47
A cut is also called
Section
48
A plane is a
Flats plate
49
Sagittal plane
Divides the body into right and left sides
50
Midsagittal plane
A unique type of sagittal plane that divides the body into 2 equal halves
51
Frontal plane or coronal plane
Divides the body into anterior and posterior (front and back) portions
52
Transversal plane
Horizontal or crosswise plane
| Divides the body into upper and lower portions
53
The body is not a
Solid structure
54
The body is made up of
Open spaces or cavities
55
Bony dorsal cavities form?
House organs of the central nervous system
56
The cranial cavity is
The space inside a skull that contains a brain
57
The space inside the vertebral column(spinal column) is called the
Spinal cavity
58
The spinal cavity contains the
Spinal cord
59
The cranial and spinal cavities are also called?
Dorsal cavities
60
The ventral cavities form from the?
Major body cavity during embryonic development
61
The upper ventral cavities include the
Thoracic cavity
62
Thoracic cavity is
A space that you might think of as your chest cavity
63
Mediastinum is?
The mid portion is a subdivision of the thoracic cavity
64
The lateral subdivisions of the thoracic cavity are called the?
Right and left pleural cavities
65
The lower ventral cavities include?
Abdominal cavity and pelvic cavity
66
The abdominal cavity and pelvic cavity form only one component the?
Abdominopelvic cavity
67
The most important muscle for breathing the
Diaphragm. It is domed shaped
68
The 4 abdominopelvic quadrants are?
1 right upper quadrant or RUQ(right superior quadrant)
2 right lower quadrant RLQ (right inferior quadrant)
3 left upper quadrant LUQ ( left superior quadrant)
4 left lower quadrant LLQ (left inferior quadrant)
69
Upper abdominopelvic regions, the right hypochondriac region, left hypochondriac right and epigastric region
Lie above an imaginary line across the abdomen at the level of the 9th rib cartilage
70
Middle abdominopelvic regions, right lumbar regions, and left lumbar region and the umbilical region
Lie below an imaginary line across the abdomen at the level of the 9th rib cartilage and above an imaginary line across the abdomen at the top of the hip bones
71
Lower abdominopelvic regions, right iliac region, left iliac region and hypogastric region
Lie below an imaginary line across the abdomen at the level of the top of the hip bones
72
The difference between the axial portion of the body and the appendicular portion of the body?
The axial region is head, neck, and Torso or trunk
| Appendicular region is upper and lower extremities
73
What are some of the regions of the upper extremity and lower extremity?
Appendicular
74
All living organisms maintain?
Mechanisms
75
Homeostasis is?
Relative constancy of the internal environment
76
The cells of the body live?
In an internal environment made up of mostly water with salts
77
The cells are able to survive if?
The conditions of their watery environment remain stable
78
The basic type of control system in the body is called
Feedback loop
79
A sensor or a thermometer
Detects change in temperature
80
The furnace is called a
Effector
81
Negative feedback loops
Oppose, or negate a change
82
Positive feedback loops exists in the?
Body and involved in normal function
83
Positive feedback loops are
Stimulatory
84
The activity of blood cells are called?
Platelets
85
Normal homeostatic control mechanisms can maintain only a
Relative constancy
86
All organs help to maintain
Homeostatic balance
87
The ability to maintain the balance of body function is related to?
Age
88
Changes and functions occurring during the early years are called
Developmental process
89
Changes occurring after young adulthood are called
Aging process
90
The most important characteristic of body structure is?
Organization
91
Pelvic cavity contains
Reproductive organs, urinary bladder, and lowest part of the intestine
92
The body regions
Axial region, head, neck, and torso or trunk
Appendicular region, upper and lower extremities
93
Atrophy (decrease in size)
Occurs when an organ is not used
94
Feedback loops involve a
Sensor, a control center, and an effector
95
Negative feedback loops can turn into positive feedback loops to
Maintain or restore homeostasis
96
Negative feedback?
Opposes change in controlled conditions
97
Positive feedback?
Amplifies occurring change
98
Body mechanisms act as
Heaters, air pumps
