Ch 11 Drugs for the Respiratory System

Question 1

1. Which term is used to define the exchange of gases between blood and air?

Ventilation
Aeration
Respiration
Inhalation

.

Answer 1

Respiration

The medical term for breathing is respiration

Question 2

2. Which structures warm and moisten the air and trap dust particles and bacteria?

Flagella
Follicles
Cilia
Tresses

Answer 2

Cilia

Cilia warm and moisten the air and trap dust particles and bacteria. They line the nasal mucosa.

Question 3

3. Which structure has a function in both the respiratory and digestive systems?

Larynx
Pharynx
Esophagus
Trachea

Answer 3

Pharynx

The pharynx has both respiratory and digestive functions. It is tubelike structure extending from the base of the skull to the esophagus.

Question 4

4. Which structure works to keep food and saliva from entering the lungs?

Epiglottis
Uvula
Frenulum
Larynx

Answer 4

Epiglottis

The epiglottis is a leaflike structure on top of the larynx that seals off the air passages to the lungs during swallowing.

Question 5

5. Which structures are the functional units of the lung?

Bronchioles
Capillaries
Alveoli
Pleura

Answer 5

Alveoli

The alveoli are the functional units of the lungs.

Question 6

6. Which term describes a technique whereby a probe is attached to the ear, finger, toe, or bridge of the nose to measure the oxygen concentration of the blood?

Arterial blood gas
Spirometry
Pulse oximetry
Peak flow meter

Answer 6

Pulse oximetry

Pulse oximetry is a device that monitors the oxygen saturation by placing a probe on the ear, finger, toe, or bridge of the nose.

Question 7

7. Which term describes an abnormally thick fluid formed in the lower respiratory tract that may contain blood, pus, or bacteria?

Mucus
Sputum
Lymph
Plasma

Answer 7

Sputum

Sputum is an abnormally thick fluid formed in the lower respiratory tract that may contain blood, pus, or bacteria.

Question 8

8. Which is a symptom that is frequently seen with asthma and bronchitis, or in patients with allergies?

Hoarseness
Hemoptysis
Wheezing
Orthopnea

Answer 8

Wheezing

Wheezing is a high-pitched, musical sound that occurs through a narrowed airway. It is frequently seen in patients with asthma, bronchitis, or allergies.

Question 9

9. Which term describes the cessation of breathing, which may occur during sleep?

Orthopnea
Apnea
Tachypnea
Hyperpnea

Answer 9

Apnea

Apnea is the stoppage of breathing, which may occur during sleep; it may be temporary or fatal.

Question 10

10. Which term describes a person who has difficulty breathing when lying down?

Orthopnea
Apnea
Tachypnea
Hyperpnea

Answer 10

Orthopnea

Orthopnea is an abnormal condition in which the patient has difficulty breathing when lying flat or reclining.

Question 11

11. Which term describes an infection of the lower respiratory tract (bronchi, bronchioles, and alveoli)?

Bronchitis
Pneumonia
Emphysema
Pleurisy

Answer 11

Pneumonia

All pneumonias are infections of the lower respiratory tract.

Question 12

12. Which term describes the inflammation of the air passageways caused by irritants?

Bronchitis
Pneumonia
Emphysema
Pleurisy

Answer 12

Bronchitis

Bronchitis is an inflammation of the air passageways caused by irritants.

Question 13

13. Which term describes a condition that is the result of the enlargement of, and damage to, the alveolar sacs?

Bronchitis
Pneumonia
Emphysema
Pleurisy

Answer 13

Emphysema

Emphysema is a condition in which the air sacs dilate and are unable to contract to their original size.

Question 14

14. With which condition may a patient with a “barrel chest” be diagnosed?

Bronchitis
Pneumonia
Emphysema
Pleurisy

Answer 14

Emphysema

A patient with a “barrel chest” may be diagnosed with emphysema. The air becomes stale and backs up in the alveoli, which makes it impossible to take in much air on the next breath.

Question 15

15. Which condition causes the muscles around the bronchioles to contract, narrowing the air passages and causing the alveoli to become plugged with unusually thick sputum that is hard to cough up?

Bronchitis
Pneumonia
Asthma
Emphysema

Answer 15

Asthma

In asthma, the muscles around the bronchioles contract, narrowing the air passages and causing the alveoli to become plugged with an unusually thick sputum that is hard to cough up.

Question 16

16. Which are the drugs of choice to treat asthma?

Antibiotics
Expectorants
Bronchodilators
Decongestants

Answer 16

Bronchodilators

The drugs of choice to treat asthma are bronchodilators. They relieve the bronchiole constriction.

Question 17

17. Which device is used by the patient in the detection and management of asthma attacks?

Pulse oximeter
Peak flow meter
Stethoscope
Ventilator

Answer 17

Peak flow meter

A peak flow meter is used by the patient in the detection and management of asthma attacks. It measures the air flowing out of the lungs. The patient forcefully blows into the device.

Question 18

18. A persistent, productive cough may be the first symptom of:

asthma.
bronchitis.
lung cancer.
pleurisy.

Answer 18

lung cancer.

The first symptom of lung cancer may be a persistent, productive cough.

Question 19

19. Which condition has seen a rise in prevalence secondary to HIV infection and new strains that are resistant to drug therapy?

Bronchitis
Tuberculosis
Bacterial pneumonia
Pleurisy

Answer 19

Tuberculosis

Tuberculosis has seen a rise in prevalence secondary to HIV infection and new strains that are resistant to drug therapy.

Question 20

20. Which term describes an allergic reaction to pollen in the air during late summer and fall?

Asthma
Seasonal rhinitis
Sinusitis
Pneumonia

Answer 20

Seasonal rhinitis

Seasonal rhinitis is an allergic reaction to pollen in the air during the late summer and fall.

Question 21

21. Which is the greatest at-risk population for nicotine dependence?

Adolescents
Adults 35-45 years of age
Adult 50-60 years of age
Adults older than 60 years of age

Answer 21

Adolescents

Adolescents are at a greater risk of nicotine dependency. Over 90 percent of smokers begin smoking between the ages of 18 and 21.

Question 22

22. Which works best to prevent tobacco dependence?

Nicotine patch
Antidepressant medication
Not starting to smoke
Commit lozenges

Answer 22

Not starting to smoke

The most effective way to prevent tobacco dependency is never to start smoking.

Question 23

23. Which category of medications are cough suppressants?

Expectorants
Mucolytics
Antitussives
Antihistamines

Answer 23

Antitussives

Antitussives are cough suppressants.

Question 24

24. Which term describes a cough that brings up sputum?

Productive cough
Sputum cough
Mucous cough
Wet cough

Answer 24

Productive cough

A productive cough brings up mucous or sputum.

Question 25

``` 25. Which category of drugs liquefy or break down tenacious mucous so it can be coughed up more easily? Antitussives Decongestants Antihistamines Expectorants ```

Answer 25

Expectorants An expectorant or a mucolytic drug liquefies or breaks down tenacious mucous so it can easily be coughed up.

Question 26

26. Which category of drugs are vasoconstrictors used for nasal congestion because they shrink engorged mucous membranes? Antitussives Antihistamines Decongestants Mucolytics

Answer 26

Decongestants Decongestants are used for nasal congestion because they shrink mucous membranes.

Question 27

27. Which term describes the reappearance of symptoms in an even stronger form after a drug has worn off? Reappearance effect Opposite effect Rebound effect Synergistic effect

Answer 27

Rebound effect The rebound effect refers to the reappearance of symptoms in even stronger form after a drug has worn off.

Question 28

28. Which category of drugs is used in allergic conditions such as hay fever? Mucolytics Antitussives Antihistamines Expectorants

Answer 28

Antihistamines Antihistamines are drugs used in allergic conditions such as hay fever. They counteract the effect of histamine.

Question 29

29. Which category of drugs increase the vital capacity of the lungs by dilating the bronchi and relaxing the smooth muscles? Antihistamines Decongestants Antitussives Bronchodilators

Answer 29

Bronchodilators Bronchodilators increase the vital capacity of the lungs by dilating the bronchi and relaxing the smooth muscles.

Question 30

30. Which term describes a physical therapy technique that uses positioning, along with vibration and percussion, to drain secretions from the lungs and bronchi? Vibrational therapy Postural drainage Tracheal drainage Percussion therapy

Answer 30

Postural drainage Postural drainage is a physical therapy technique that uses positioning, along with vibration and percussion, to drain secretions from the lungs and bronchi.

Question 31

31. Which term describes physical therapy for respiratory patients that involves the tapping of various body organs and structures? Palpation Manipulation Percussion Vibration

Answer 31

Percussion Percussion is a type of physical therapy for respiratory patients that involves the tapping of various body organs and structures.

Question 32

32. Which term describes a physical therapy technique for respiratory patients whereby fine, shaking pressure is applied to the chest wall during exhalations? Palpation Manipulation Percussion Vibration

Answer 32

Vibration Vibration is a physical therapy technique for respiratory patients whereby fine, shaking pressure is applied to the chest wall during exhalations.

Question 33

33. Which is NOT a sign of respiratory problems? The soft tissues of the chest retracting with each breath Holding the mouth open while breathing Making barely audible breath sounds Spreading the nostrils

Answer 33

Making barely audible breath sounds Signs of respiratory problems include the soft tissues of the chest retracting with each breath, the patient holding the mouth open while breathing, and the patient spreading the nostrils.

Question 34

34. Which should be given with expectorants and antitussives? Hard candy Demulcents Fluids Food

Answer 34

Fluids Expectorants and antitussives should be given with fluids. Fluids help thin out respiratory secretions so that they can be coughed up.

Question 35

35. Which drug can be administered using a nasal cannula, nasal catheter, or face tent? Oxygen Corticosteroids Antibiotics Beta-agonist

Answer 35

Oxygen Oxygen can be administered using a nasal cannula, nasal catheter, or face tent.

Question 36

36. Which is the goal of oxygen therapy? To relieve hypoxia To relieve orthopnea To relieve dyspnea To relieve hemoptysis

Answer 36

To relieve hypoxia The goal of oxygen therapy is to relieve hypoxia.

Question 37

37. Which is a serious respiratory virus that strikes from November through April, and causes the death of as many as 20,000 people annually? Pneumonia Pneumococcal disease Influenza Respiratory syncytial virus

Answer 37

Influenza Influenza is respiratory disease that strikes from November through April and causes the death of as many as 20,000 people annually.

Question 38

38. People over the age of 65; individuals with weakened immune systems or chronic diseases of the heart, lung, or kidneys; and healthcare workers should receive which of the following vaccines as recommended by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC)? Pneumovax Influenza vaccine Pneumococcal vaccine MMR vaccine

Answer 38

Influenza vaccine Because individuals over the age of 65 may have weakened immune systems or chronic diseases of the heart, lungs, or kidneys, the CDC recommends these people receive the influenza vaccine. Healthcare workers should also receive the vaccine.

Question 39

39. Healthcare team members should ask individuals if they are allergic to __________ to prevent an adverse reaction to the influenza vaccine. Shellfish Penicillin Eggs Pollen

Answer 39

Eggs Healthcare workers should ask individuals if they are allergic to eggs to help select the correct vaccination protocol for administration of the influenza vaccine

Question 40

40. Which is a condition treated by a combination of three drugs for two to six months? Tuberculosis Strep throat Sinusitis Bronchitis

Answer 40

Tuberculosis Tuberculosis is treated by a combination of three drugs for two to six months. The drugs are isoniazid, rifampin, and ethambutol for two months, followed by four months of isoniazid and rifampin. After a negative culture, continue therapy for three months.

Question 41

41. Which is a nicotine patch used to promote smoking cessation? Nitro-Dur Habitrol Zyban Proventil

Answer 41

Habitrol Habitrol is a nicotine patch used to promote smoking cessation. It is applied topically.

Question 42

42. Which is an example of a narcotic antitussive? Codeine Dextromethorphan Rifampin Albuterol

Answer 42

Codeine Codeine is a narcotic antitussive.

Question 43

43. Fexofenadine (Allegra), loratadine (Claritin), and cetirizine hydrochloride (Zyrtec) are all examples of which of the following types of medication? Antihistamines Decongestants Antitussives Mucolytics

Answer 43

Antihistamines Fexofenadine (Allegra), loratadine(Claritin), and cetirizine hydrochloride (Zyrtec) are all antihistamines used to treat respiratory problems.

Question 44

44. Which is one of the first signs of upper respiratory cancer? Dyspnea Persistent hoarseness Productive cough Orthostatic hypotension

Answer 44

Persistent hoarseness One of the first signs of upper respiratory cancer is persistent hoarseness.

Question 45

45. Which of the following apply to lung cancer? Inhalation of cigarette smoke is a well-known risk Always spreads to other parts of the body Coughing is part of treatment May only be treated surgically

Answer 45

Inhalation of cigarette smoke is a well-known risk Inhalation of cigarette smoke, including second hand smoke, is a well-known risk for lung cancer.

Question 46

46. The exchange of gases between blood and air is called _______________.

Answer 46

respiration Explanation: The exchange of gases between blood and air is called respiration.

Question 47

47. As air enters the nose, very small hairs called ___________ warm and moisten the air and trap dust particles and bacteria.

Answer 47

cilia Explanation: As air enters the nose, small hairs called cilia warm and moisten the air and trap dust particles and bacteria.

Question 48

48. The _______________ is a tubelike structure that extends from the base of the skull to the esophagus, and serves both the respiratory tract and the digestive tract.

Answer 48

pharynx Explanation: Serving both the respiratory and digestive tracts, the pharynx is a tubelike structure that extends from the base of the skull to the esophagus.

Question 49

49. The __________, or voice box, lies at the upper end of the trachea just below the pharynx.

Answer 49

larynx Explanation: The medical term for voice box is the larynx. It lies at the upper end of the trachea just below the pharynx.

Question 50

50. The ________________ is a leaf-shaped structure on top of the larynx that closes the airway when a person swallows, and keeps food and saliva from entering the lungs.

Answer 50

epiglottis Explanation: The epiglottis is a leaf-shaped structure on top of the larynx that closes the airway when the patient swallows, and keeps food and saliva from entering the lungs.

Question 51

51. The _______________ is also called the windpipe, and connects the larynx to the bronchi.

Answer 51

trachea Explanation: The medical term for windpipe is trachea; it connects the larynx to the bronchi.

Question 52

52. The trachea branches off into two tubes, the right and left _______________, which lead to the right and left lungs.

Answer 52

bronchi Explanation: The trachea branches off into two tubes, the right and left bronchi, which lead to the right and left lungs.

Question 53

53. The ________________ are tiny air sacs in the lungs that permit the exchange of oxygen and carbon dioxide through the capillary walls.

Answer 53

alveoli Explanation: Alveoli are tiny air sacs in the lungs that permit the exchange of oxygen and carbon dioxide through the capillary walls.

Question 54

54. The normal adult respiration rate varies between _________ and ___________ breaths per minute.

Answer 54

12; 20 Explanation: The normal respiratory rate for adults is between 12 and 20 breaths per minute.

Question 55

55. Breathing is accomplished by the muscles around the ribs and by the ___________________, a layer of muscle tissue that separates the chest cavity from other internal organs.

Answer 55

diaphragm Explanation: Breathing is accomplished by the muscles around the ribs and by the diaphragm. The diaphragm is a layer of muscle tissue that separates the chest cavity from other internal organs.

Question 56

56. As a routine part of a physical examination, the doctor examines the patient with a ______________, an instrument that amplifies breathing sounds.

Answer 56

stethoscope Explanation: A stethoscope is an instrument that amplifies breathing sounds and is used as part of a routine physical examination.

Question 57

57. ____________________ is a technique whereby a probe is attached to the ear, finger, toe, or bridge of the nose to measure the oxygen concentration in the blood.

Answer 57

Pulse oximetry Explanation: A technique where a probe is attached to the ear, finger, toe, or bridge of the nose is called a pulse oximetry; it measures the oxygen concentration in the blood.

Question 58

58. ________________ is a protective reflex to clear the trachea, bronchi, and lungs of secretions and irritants.

Answer 58

Coughing Explanation: The protective reflex to clear the trachea, bronchi, and lungs of secretion is termed coughing.

Question 59

59. An abnormally thick fluid formed in the lower respiratory tract that may contain blood, pus, or bacteria is called _____________.

Answer 59

sputum Explanation: Sputum is an abnormally thick fluid formed in the lower respiratory tract that may contain blood, pus, or bacteria.

Question 60

60. A signal that bleeding is occurring in the respiratory tract is blood in the sputum or _________________.

Answer 60

hemoptysis Explanation: Hemoptysis or blood in the sputum is usually a sign that bleeding is occurring in the respiratory tract.

Question 61

61. __________________ is a high-pitched, musical sound that occurs through a narrowed airway. It is frequently seen in patients with asthma, bronchitis, or allergies.

Answer 61

Wheezing Explanation: Wheezing is a high-pitched, musical sound that occurs through a narrowed airway. It is frequently seen in patients with asthma, bronchitis, or allergies.

Question 62

62. Shortness of breath or labored breathing is termed ______________.

Answer 62

dyspnea Explanation: Dyspnea is the medical term for shortness of breath or labored breathing.

Question 63

63. The cessation of breathing, which often occurs during sleep, is termed ____________.

Answer 63

apnea Explanation: The medical term for cessation of breathing, which often occurs while sleeping, is apnea.

Question 64

64. A patient who has great difficulty breathing when lying down, but who can breathe more easily when in a sitting or standing position, demonstrates _____________.

Answer 64

orthopnea Explanation: The medical term for having great difficulty breathing when lying down is called orthopnea. The individual normally can breathe easier when in a sitting or standing position.

Question 65

65. Tachypnea is __________ breathing.

Answer 65

rapid Explanation: The medical term for rapid breathing is tachypnea.

Question 66

66. All pneumonias are ____________ of the lower respiratory tract (bronchi, bronchioles, and alveoli).

Answer 66

infections Explanation: Pneumonia is defined as an infection of the lower respiratory tract (bronchi, bronchioles, and alveoli).

Question 67

67. Bronchitis is a(n) ____________________ of the air passageways caused by irritants.

Answer 67

inflammation Explanation: The definition of bronchitis is an inflammation of the air passageways caused by irritants.

Question 68

68. The term ______________ is used to describe a condition that is long term, usually lasting more than six months.

Answer 68

chronic Explanation: Chronic is defined as a long-term condition usually lasting more than six months.

Question 69

69. A condition in which the air sacs dilate and are unable to contract to their original size, causing residual air to be trapped in them, is _________________.

Answer 69

emphysema Explanation: The condition in which the air sacs dilate and are unable to contract to their original size, causing residual air to be trapped in them, is called emphysema.

Question 70

70. Substances in the environment, food additives, exercise, drug allergies, illness, or emotional upset can cause a(n) _____________ attack. .

Answer 70

asthma Explanation: Causative agents of asthma are substances in the environment, food additives, exercise, drug allergies, illness, or emotional upset

Question 71

71. The goal of asthma treatment is to relieve the constriction of the bronchioles. To do this, the drugs of choice are ___________________.

Answer 71

bronchodilators Explanation: The drugs of choice for asthma are bronchodilators. They relieve the constriction of the bronchioles.

Question 72

72. A(n) ________________ is a device that measures the air flowing out of the lungs, called the peak expiratory flow rate (PEFR), as a patient blows forcefully into the device.

Answer 72

peak flow meter Explanation: A peak flow meter is a device that measures the air flowing out of the lungs, called the peak expiratory flow rate (PEFR), as a patient blows forcefully into the device.

Question 73

73. Cancer of the lung is the most common cancer of the lower respiratory tract; it is the leading cause of all cancer _____________.

Answer 73

deaths Explanation: The leading cause of all cancers is cancer of the lung, the most common cancer of the lower respiratory tract.

Question 74

74. To treat strep throat, the disease-causing bacterium may need to be identified by means of a throat culture. Then, a systemic _________________ is prescribed to kill that specific bacterium.

Answer 74

antibiotic Explanation: To treat strep throat, the disease-causing bacterium may need to be identified by means of a throat culture. Then systemic antibiotic is prescribed to kill that specific bacterium.

Question 75

75. "Seasonal rhinitis" is an allergic reaction to the ____________ in the air during the late summer and fall.

Answer 75

pollen Explanation: Seasonal rhinitis is an allergic reaction to the pollen in the air during the late summer and fall.

Question 76

76. Nicotine ________________, which is brought on by tobacco products, is a physical vulnerability of the body to the chemical nicotine.

Answer 76

dependence Explanation: Nicotine dependence, which is caused by tobacco products, is a physical vulnerability of the body to the chemical nicotine.

Question 77

77. The greatest at-risk population for nicotine dependence is _______________.

Answer 77

adolescents Explanation: Adolescents are at greatest risk for nicotine dependence. Over 90 percent of smokers are between the ages of 18 and 21.

Question 78

78. Smoking cessation generally occurs with nicotine _______________ therapy.

Answer 78

replacement Explanation: Smoking cessation generally occurs with nicotine replacement therapy. Examples are nicotine gum and nicotine lozenges, which are available without a prescription.

Question 79

79. Antitussive drugs are ____________ suppressants.

Answer 79

cough Explanation: Antitussive drugs are cough suppressants.

Question 80

80. A cough that brings up sputum is called a(n) _______________ cough.

Answer 80

productive Explanation: A productive cough brings up sputum.

Question 81

81. A(n) _________________ is a drug that liquefies or breaks down tenacious mucus so it can be coughed up more easily.

Answer 81

mucolytic Explanation: A mucolytic is a drug that liquefies or breaks down tenacious mucus so it can be coughed up more easily.

Question 82

82. Drugs that reduce congestion or swelling, especially in nasal passages, by constricting blood vessels and restricting blood flow to the area are termed _____________________.

Answer 82

decongestants Explanation: Decongestants are vasoconstrictors used for nasal congestion. They decrease swelling, especially in nasal passages, by constricting blood vessels and restricting blood flow to the area.

Question 83

83. The reappearance of symptoms in even stronger form after a drug dose has worn off is termed the ________________ effect.

Answer 83

rebound Explanation: The reappearance of symptoms in even stronger form after a drug dose has worn off is called the rebound effect.

Question 84

84. A drug that counteracts the effects of histamine, thereby relieving allergy symptoms, is a(n) ____________________.

Answer 84

antihistamine Explanation: A drug that counteracts the effects of histamine, relieving symptoms, is called an antihistamine.

Question 85

85. Drugs for the respiratory system are often given in _______________; for example, a medicine might contain a bronchodilator to open the air passages and an expectorant to loosen the sputum so it can be coughed up.

Answer 85

combination Explanation: Drugs for the respiratory system are often given in combination, such as a medicine that might contain a bronchodilator to open the passages and an expectorant to loosen the sputum so it can be coughed up.

Question 86

86. A(n) ___________________ may be needed to help patients breathe regularly by mechanical means.

Answer 86

ventilator Explanation: A ventilator may be needed to help patients breathe regularly by mechanical means.

Question 87

87. The postural drainage technique consists of placing the patient in one of several ________________ so that gravity helps draw secretions from certain areas of the lungs and bronchi into the trachea.

Answer 87

positions Explanation: Postural drainage consists of placing the patient in one of several positions so that gravity helps draw secretions from certain areas of the lungs and bronchi into the trachea.

Question 88

88. Physical therapy for respiratory patients that involves the tapping of various body organs and structures is termed ________________.

Answer 88

percussion Explanation: Percussion is a type of physical therapy for respiratory patients that involves the tapping of various body organs and structures.

Question 89

89. Some respiratory drugs, especially antihistamines, may cause ________________. Warn patients not to drive a car or operate heavy equipment while taking them.

Answer 89

drowsiness Explanation: Some respiratory drugs, especially antihistamines, my cause drowsiness. Warn patients not to drive a car or operate heavy equipment while taking them.

Question 90

90. Lack of oxygen is called _____________.

Answer 90

hypoxia Explanation: The medical term for lack of oxygen is hypoxia.

Question 91

91. Oxygen should be considered a(n) ________________ and should be prescribed and administered as such.

Answer 91

drug Explanation: Oxygen should be considered a drug and should be prescribed and administered as such.

Question 92

92. A serious disease that leads to infections of the lungs (pneumonia), the blood (bacteremia), and the covering of the brain (meningitis) is _____________________ disease. This disease kills more people in the United States every year than any other vaccine-preventable disease.

Answer 92

pneumococcal Explanation: A serious disease that leads to infections of the lungs (pneumonia), the blood (bacteremia), and the covering of the brain (meningitis) is pneumococcal disease. The disease kills more people in the United States every year than any other vaccine-preventable disease.

Question 93

93. The CDC recommends the ________________ vaccine for people over the age of 65 years; individuals with weakened immune systems or chronic diseases of the heart, lungs, and kidneys; and healthcare workers.

Answer 93

influenza Explanation: The CDC recommends the influenza vaccine for people over the age of 65 years; individuals with weakened immune Page 21of 25 systems or chronic diseases of the heart, lungs, and kidneys; and healthcare workers.

Question 94

94. The functional units of the lung are termed the ____________.

Answer 94

alveoli Explanation: The functional units of the lung are called the alveoli.

Question 95

95. During exhalation, _________________ and other waste gases pass out of the body.

Answer 95

carbon dioxide Explanation: During exhalation, carbon dioxide and other waste gases pass out of the body

Question 96

96. A serious respiratory virus that strikes from November to April is _____________________.

Answer 96

influenza Explanation: Influenza is a serious respiratory virus that strikes from November through April.

Question 97

97. Because the causative agent of pneumococcal disease is resistant to medication therapy, at-risk patients should be encouraged to get the __________________________ that prevents this deadly disease.

Answer 97

vaccine Explanation: Because the causative agent of pneumococcal disease is resistant to medication therapy, at-risk patients should be encouraged to get the vaccine that prevents this deadly disease.

Question 98

98. Afrin is an example of a decongestant sprayed into the nasal cavity to reduce ______________.

Answer 98

swelling Explanation: Decongestants such as Afrin are sprayed into the nasal cavity to reduce swelling

Question 99

99. Tremor, anxiety, nervousness, and restlessness are the side effects of albuterol, which is used to treat ________________________.

Answer 99

asthma Explanation: Albuterol is used to treat asthma. The side effects are tremor, anxiety, nervousness, and restlessness.

Question 100

100.A patient with asthma should be educated to use his or her _____________________________ daily to monitor PEFR in order to prevent an attack.

Answer 100

peak flow meter Explanation: Instruct a patient with asthma to use his or her peak flow meter in order to prevent an attack. The peak flow meter provides information on how well the airways are open. It tells how well the treatment plan is working, when to stop or add a medication, when to seek medical care, and what may trigger an asthma attack.