CH 12 & 13 Flashcards
(34 cards)
certain kinds of contact in certain situations can reduce prejudice
contact hypothesis
prejudice is the result of competition for scarce resources
realisitic conflict theory
perception that those in the outgroup are more similar to each other than is the case
outgroup homogeneity
a tendency to favor members of one’s own groups
in group bias
beliefs about others –> actions toward others –> behaviors from others (cycle)
self-fulfilling prophecy
the belief that your own culture, nation, or religion is superior to all others is called
ethnocentrism
when companies and other legal institutions are permitted - or socially encouraged - to discriminate on the basis or race, gender, or other categories, prejudice will seem normal
institutional discrimination
the anxiety created when people are judged solely as a group member, not an individual
social identity threat
measures the speed of people’s positive and negative associations to a target group
implicit association test
unjustified negative/harmful action toward someone based solely on group membership
discrimination
behaviors that are on their face positive but are rooted in women being “less than”
benevolent sexism
antipathy towards women
hostile sexism
expectations from stereotypes are not necessarily valid in and of themselves; people will tend to seek out confirmatory evidence
expectancy confirmation
category concepts unwarrantedly assigned to most members of a group stereotypes
stereotypes
a mental structure that organizes one’s knowledge about the world
schema
a hostile/negative attitude towards people in a group based solely on group membership
prejudice
venting one’s anger or watching other behave aggressively would serve to “get it out of your system” and make people less likely to behave aggressively themselves
catharsis
the decreasing amount of compassion people feel towards victims of mass casualties compared to a single individual who has suffered a tragedy
compassion collapse
process whereby we deny another human their full humanity
dehuminization
say that moral decisions maximize outcomes for the most people, even if some are harmed
utilitarian thinkers
say that there are some absolute moral truths and nothing that violates one of these truths could be considered moral
deontological thinkers
An increase in aggression that can occur because of the mere presence of a gun or other weapon
weapons-effect
we learn social behavior, from aggression to altruism, in large part by observing others and imitating them
social cognitive learning theory
testosterone only relates to dominance behaviors when the stress hormone, cortisol, is low
dual-hormone hypothesis
