Ch 12 spinal cord and spinal nerves

Question 1

the spinal cord extends from ______ to _________

Answer 1

foramen magum to second lumbar vertebra

Question 2

what are the segments of the spinal cord?

Answer 2

cervical
thoracic
lumbar
sacral

Question 3

how many pairs of spinal nerves?

Answer 3

31

Question 4

what are the 2 enlargements and what do they supply?

Answer 4

cervical enlargement supplies upper limbs

lumbar enlargement supplies lower limbs

Question 5

what is the tapered inferior end of the spinal cord?

Answer 5

conus medullaris

Question 6

what is the cauda equina?

Answer 6

origins of spinal nerves extending inferiorly from lumbosacral enlargement and conus medullaris

Question 7

what are the 3 meninges?

Answer 7

dura mater
arachnoid mater
pia mater

Question 8

which meninx is thin and whispy?

Answer 8

arachnoid mater

Question 9

which meninx is bound tightly to the surface of brain and spinal cord?

Answer 9

pia mater

Question 10

what is the filum terminale?

Answer 10

it anchors the spinal cord to coccyx

Question 11

what forms the filum terminale?

Answer 11

pia mater

Question 12

the pia mater forms the denticulate ligaments that attach the spinal cord to the

Answer 12

dura mater

Question 13

where is the epidural space?

Answer 13

surrounding the dura mater

Question 14

what does the epidural space contain?

Answer 14

blood vessels, areolar connective tissue and fat

Question 15

where is the subdural space?

Answer 15

between the dura mater and the arachnoid mater

Question 16

where is serous fluid contained in the spinal cord?

Answer 16

in the subdural space

Question 17

what space exists between the pia mater and the arachnoid mater?

Answer 17

subarachnoid space

Question 18

what is contained in the subarachnoid space?

Answer 18

CSF, blood vessels within weblike strands of arachnoid tissue

Question 19

what are the deep clefts that partially separate left and right halves?

Answer 19

posterior median sulcus

anterior median fissure

Question 20

what is the white matter of the spinal cord?

Answer 20

myelinated axons forming nerve tracts

Question 21

what are the divisions of the white matter of the spinal cord?

Answer 21

3 columns or funiculi

ventral, dorsal and lateral

Question 22

how are the white columns further subdivided?

Answer 22

into tracts

fasciculi, pathways

Question 23

what is the gray matter of the spinal cord?

Answer 23

neuron cell bodies (the darker color comes from the nuclei) dendrites and axons

Question 24

what are the subdivisions of the grey matter of the spinal cord?

Answer 24

horns
posterior
anterior
lateral

Question 25

which grey horn is associated with the ANS?

Answer 25

lateral

Question 26

what is the basic functional unit of the nervous system?

Answer 26

reflex arc

Question 27

what is the simplest part of the NS capable of receiving a stimulus and producing a response

Answer 27

reflex arc

Question 28

describe a reflex arc

Answer 28

an automatic response to a stimulus that occurs without conscious thought

Question 29

what are the components of a reflex arc?

Answer 29

AP produced in sensory receptors sensory neuron to interneuron to motor neuron that produces an AP that triggers a response in an effector organ which responds with a reflex