Ch 13 PP Terms

Question 1

anus

Answer 1

the most distal opening of the digestive tract; eliminates waste

Question 2

appendix

Answer 2

narrow tube of lymphatic tissue attached to the cecum

Question 3

bile

Answer 3

fluid secreted by the liver that emulsifies and helps absorbs fats

Question 4

digestive system

Answer 4

prepares food for cellular intake, stores undigested waste, then eliminates it

Question 5

pharynx

Answer 5

throat

Question 6

esophagus

Answer 6

soft muscular tube that acts as a passageway from the pharynx to the stomach

Question 7

duodenum

Answer 7

first portion of the small intestine

Question 8

cecum

Answer 8

pouch at the beginning of the large intestine

Question 9

colon

Answer 9

major part of large intestine; cecum to rectum; ascending, transverse, and descending portions

Question 10

duodenum

Answer 10

first portion of small intestine

Question 11

enzyme

Answer 11

an organic catalyst that speeds the rate of chemical reactions

Question 12

feces

Answer 12

waste material eliminated from the colon

Question 13

esophagus

Answer 13

muscular tube that carries food from the pharyx to the stomach

Question 14

gallbladder

Answer 14

sac on the underside of the liver that stores bile

Question 15

ileum

Answer 15

terminal portion of small intestine

Question 16

intestine

Answer 16

digestive tract between stomach and anus

Question 17

jejunum

Answer 17

middle portion of small intestine

Question 18

large intestine

Answer 18

terminal portion of digestive tract; cecum, colon, rectum, and anus

Question 19

liver

Answer 19

large gland in RUQ of abdominal cavity; secretes bile

Question 20

mastication

Answer 20

chewing

Question 21

mouth

Answer 21

the oral cavity; used to take in and chew food

Question 22

palate

Answer 22

root of mouth; separates mouth from nasal cavity

Question 23

pancreas

Answer 23

large, elongated gland behind the stomach; produces hormones that regulate sugar metabolism and produces digestive enzymes

Question 24

peristalsis

Answer 24

wave-like contractions of an organ’s walls

Question 25

peritoneum

Answer 25

serous membrane that lines the abdominal cavity

Question 26

rectum

Answer 26

distal portion of large intestine; stores and eliminates waste

Question 27

saliva

Answer 27

moistens food and contains starch-digesting enzyme

Question 28

small intestine

Answer 28

between stomach and large intestine; duodenum, jejunum, and ileum; all digestion absorption

Question 29

stomach

Answer 29

muscular organ below diaphragm that stores food and secretes protein digesting liquids

Question 30

uvula

Answer 30

fleshy mass behind soft palate; aids in speech