Ch 2 Key Terms Flashcards
(23 cards)
ATP
adenosine triphosphate; energy compound of the cell that stores energy needed for cellular activities
carbohydrates
organic compounds; sugars and starches
cell
basic unit of life, combines with other cells to form tissues
chromosome
thread-like body in a cell’s nucleus that contains genetic information
cytology
study of cells
cytoplasm
fluid that fills the cell and holds organelles
DNA
deoxyribonucleic acid; makes up the genes
enzyme
organic substance that speeds the rate of a metabolic reaction
gene
hereditary unit composed of DNA and combined with other genes to form chromosomes
glucose
simple sugar; main energy source for metabolism
histology
study of tissues
homeostasis
internal stability
lipid
category of organic compounds that includes fats
membrane
a simple sheet of tissue that covers organs, line body cavities, or separate structures
metabolism
the sum of all physical and chemical reactions that occur within an organism
mitosis
cell division
mucus
a thick fluid secreted by cells in membranes and glands that lubricates and protects tisseus
nucleus
cell’s control center, directs all cell activity based on info in chromosomes
organ
part of the body with a specific function, comprises part of a body system
organelle
a specialized structure in a cell’s cytoplasm
protein
type of organic compound that includes structural materials, enzymes, and some hormones
RNA
ribonucleic acid; involved in the manufacturing of proteins
tissue
a group of cells that acts together for a specific purpose
