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MBC > CH 17 EYE EAR PATHO > Flashcards

CH 17 EYE EAR PATHO Flashcards

1
Q

defective curvature of the cornea or lens of the eye

A

astigmatism

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2
Q

farsightedness

A

hyperopia

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3
Q

farisghtedness

A

hypermetropia

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4
Q

nearsightedness

A

myopia

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5
Q

impairment of vision as a result of old age

A

presbyopia

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6
Q

clouding of the lens, causing decreased vision

A

cataract

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7
Q

small, hard, cystic mass (glanuloma) on the eyelid

A

chalazion

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8
Q

disease of the retina caused by diabetes mellitus

A

diabetic retinopathy

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9
Q

fluid leaks from blood vessels into the retina and vision is blurred

A

macular edema

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10
Q

fluid leaking from the blood appear in the retina as yellow/white spots

A

exudates

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11
Q

increased intraocular pressure results in damage to the retina and optic nerve with loss of vision

A

glaucoma

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12
Q

laser therapy for chronic, open-angle glaucoma which causes scarring in the drainage angle, improving aqueous humor outflow to reduce intraocular pressure

A

trabeculoplasty

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13
Q

two types of lasers for trabeculoplasty

A

ALT and SLT (ARGON/SELECTIVE LASER TREATMENT)

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14
Q

inflammation of the eyelid causing redness crusting and swelling along the lid margins

A

blepharitis

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15
Q

granuloma formed around an inflamed sebaceous gland

A

chalazion

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16
Q

blockage, inflammation and infection of a nasolacrimal duct and lacrimal sac, causing redness and swelling in the region between the nose and the lower lid

A

dacrocystitis

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17
Q

outward sagging and eversion of the eyelid, leading to improper lacrimation and corneal drying and ulceration

A

ectropion

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18
Q

small, superficial white nodule along lid margin due to infection of a sebaceous gland

A

hordeolum/stye

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19
Q

dropping of the upper lid margin from neuromuscular problems or trauma

A

ptosis

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20
Q

raised yellowish plaque on eyelid caused by lipid disorder

A

xanthelasma

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21
Q

localized, purulent, inflammatory staphylococcal infection of a sebaceous oil-producing gland in the eryelid

A

hordoleum/stye or sty

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22
Q

progressive damage to the macula of the retina

A

macular degeneration

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23
Q

repetitive rhythmic movements of one or both eyes

A

nystagmus

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24
Q

two layers of the retina separate from each other

A

retinal detachment

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25
Q

bright flashes of light

A

photopsia

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26
Q

black spots or filmy shapes

A

floaters

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27
Q

abnormal deviation of the eye

A

strabismus

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28
Q

eye turns inward

A

esotropia cross eyed

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29
Q

eye turns outward

A

exotropia

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30
Q

eye turns downward

A

hypotropia

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31
Q

eye turns upward

A

hypertropia

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32
Q

making pinpoint burns to form scar tissue and seal holes

A

photocoagulation

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33
Q

freezer burn that forms a scar and knits a tear together for small retinal tears

A

cryotherapy

34
Q

for larger retinal detachments, a buckle made of silicone is sutured to the sclera directly over the detached portion of the retina to push the two retinal layers together

A

sclera buckle

35
Q

partial loss of vision from lazy eye

A

amblyopia

36
Q

develops when a strabismus develops in an adult

A

diplopia/double vision

37
Q

vitreous gel shrinks and pulls on its attachment to the retina

A

macular hole

38
Q

surgery to remove a portion of vitreous and replace it with a bubble containing gas and air to hold the macular hole in place as it heals

A

vitrectomy

39
Q

intravenous injection of flourescein (a dye) followed by serial photographs of the retina through dilated pupils

A

flourescein angiography

40
Q

visual examination of the interior of the eye

A

opthalmoscopy

41
Q

non-invasive imaging technique using light waves to take cross-sectional pictures of the retina

A

optical coherence tomography OCT

42
Q

examination of anterior ocular structures under microscopic maginification

A

slit lamp microscopy

43
Q

intraocular pressure to detect glaucoma

A

tonometry

44
Q

clarity of vision is assessed

A

visual acuity test

45
Q

distance vision chart

A

snellen chart

46
Q

measurement of the entire scope of vision, peripheral and central

A

visual field test

47
Q

direct opthalmoscopy

A

also gives sight of the fundus

48
Q

removal of the entire eyeball

A

enucleation

49
Q

surgical repair of the cornea

A

keratoplasty

50
Q

intense, precisely focused light beam creates an inflammatory reaction that seals retinal tears and leaky retinal blood vessels

A

laser photocoagulation

51
Q

use of an excimer laser to correct errors of refraction (myopia, hyperopia, astigmatism)

A

LASIK laser in situ keratomileusis

52
Q

cataract removal surgery in which ultrasonic vibrations break up the lens; pieces are then aspirated through the ultrasonic probe

A

phacoemulsification

53
Q

suture of a silicone band to the sclera over a detached portion of the retina

A

scleral buckle

54
Q

an outpatient surgical alternative for selected retinal detachment and scleral buckle. a gas bubble is injected into the middle of the eye, and the tear is sealed with a freezing probe or laser beam

A

pneumatic retinopexy

55
Q

removal of the vitreous humor

A

vitrectomy

56
Q

benign tumor arising from the acoustic vestibulocochlear nerve (eighth cranial nerve) in the brain

A

acoustic neuroma

57
Q

collection of skin cells and cholesterol in a sac within the middle ear

A

cholesteotoma

58
Q

loss of ability to hear

A

deafness

59
Q

sensorineural hearing loss results from impairment of the cochlea or auditory nerve

A

nerve deafness

60
Q

results from the impairment of sound wave transmission from the external ear to the cochlea

A

conductive deafness

61
Q

disorder of the labyrinth of the inner ear; elevated endolymph pressure within the cochlea and semicircular canals (cochlear hydrops and vestibular hydrops)

A

Meniere disease

62
Q

inflammation of the middle ear

A

otitis media

63
Q

inflammation of the middle ear with pus

A

suppurative otitis media

64
Q

noninfectious inflammation of the middle ear with accumulation of serous fluid

A

serous otitis media

65
Q

hardening of the bony tissue of the middle ear

A

otosclerosis

66
Q

stiffening of the stapes bone

A

ankylosis

67
Q

(opened) using a laser

A

fenestrated

68
Q

sensation of noises in the ears without an external source

A

tinnitus

69
Q

sensation of irregular or whirling motion either of oneself or of external objects

A

vertigo

70
Q

sudden onset with a short duration

A

paroxysmal

71
Q

calcium crystals moving around loose in the vestibule of the inner ear

A

otoconia

72
Q

BPPV

A

benign paroxysmal positional vertigo

73
Q

testing the sense of hearing

A

audiometry

74
Q

an electrical device that delivers acoustic stimuli of specific frequencies and decibels to determine a patients hearing level for each frequency

A

audiometer

75
Q

result of an audiometry test with an audiometer

A

audiogram

76
Q

surgical insertion of a device that allows sensorineural hearing impaired persons to understand speech

A

cochlear implant procedure

77
Q

measurement of the temperature of the tympanic membrane by detection of infrared radiation from the eardrum

A

ear thermometry

78
Q

visual examination of the ear canal with an otoscope

A

otoscopy

79
Q

test of ear conduction using a vibration source such as a tuning fork

A

tuning fork test

80
Q

vibrating fork against the patient’s mastoid bone and in front of the auditory meatus to assess bone cunduction and air conduction

A

Rinne test

81
Q

the tuning fork is placed on the center of the forehead

A

Weber test

MBC (38 decks)

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