CH 5 Pathology of Digestive System

Question 1

study of the cause:

Answer 1

etiology

Question 2

if the cause is not understood, the symptom is:

Answer 2

idiopathic

Question 3

eti/o

Answer 3

cause

Question 4

idi/o

Answer 4

unknown

Question 5

lack of appetite

Answer 5

anorexia

Question 6

-orexia

Answer 6

appetite

Question 7

loss of appetite associated with emotional problems such as anger, anxiety and fear of weight gain- an eating disorder

Answer 7

anorexia nervosa

Question 8

abnormal accumulation of fluid in the abdomen

Answer 8

ascites

Question 9

borborygmus

Answer 9

rumbling or gurgling noises produced by the movement of gas, fluid or both in the GI tract

Question 10

borborygmi

Answer 10

plural of borborygmus

Question 11

gynecomastia

Answer 11

female-like breasts due to excess estrogen in a male, can be a result of cirrhosis

Question 12

an objective finding such as increased body temperature

Answer 12

a sign

Question 13

a subjective sensation or change in health as described by a patient such as itching, pain or fatigue

Answer 13

symptom

Question 14

difficulty in passing stool, treated with laxatives, cathartics

Answer 14

constipation

Question 15

CIC

Answer 15

chronic idiopathic constipation

Question 16

frequent passage of loose, watery stools treated with antidiarrheal drugs

Answer 16

diarrhea

Question 17

difficulty in swallowing, “lump in the throat” when a swallowed bolus fails to progress, either due to osbtruction or a motor disorder which causes esophageal peristalsis

Answer 17

dysphagia, motor dysphagia

Question 18

gas expelled from the stomach through the mouth

Answer 18

eructation (belching, burping)

Question 19

gas expelled through the anus

Answer 19

flatus

Question 20

presence of excessive gas in the stomach and intestines, this can be a sign of a bowel obstruction if unable to pass gas

Answer 20

flatulence

Question 21

passage of fresh bright red blood from the rectum caused by hemorrhoids’, colitis, ulcers, polyps or cancer

Answer 21

hematochezia

Question 22

yellow discoloration of the skin and eyes caused by hperbilirubinemia

Answer 22

jaundice

Question 23

icterus

Answer 23

jaundice

Question 24

caused by: 1. excessive destruction of erythrocytes as in hemolysis, 2. malfunction of the liver cells due to liver disease , or 3. obstruction of bile flow from gallstones or tumor

Answer 24

jaundice

Question 25

black, tarry stools; feces containing digested blood as a result of bleeding in the upper GI tract

Answer 25

melena

Question 26

unpleasant sensation in the stomach with a tendency to vomit

Answer 26

nausea

Question 27

fat in the feces

Answer 27

steatorrhea

Question 28

frothy, foul smelling fecal matter that floats in the toilet, caused by malabsorption of fats when pancreatic enzymes are not secreted to help it digest

Answer 28

steatorrhea

Question 29

inflammation of the mouth with small, painful ulcers (canker sores), idiopathic

Answer 29

apthous stomatitis

Question 30

tooth decay

Answer 30

dental caries

Question 31

a result of food accumulation on tooth enamel that causes bacteria to grow and produce acid which dissolves teeth resulting in cavity formation

Answer 31

dental caries

Question 32

if a cavity reaches the pulp of a tooth, this may be necessary to treat

Answer 32

root canal