Ch 2.

Question 1

Genotype

Answer 1

An individuals genetic endowment including both expressed and unexpressed genes

Question 2

phenotype

Answer 2

The aspect of a genetic blueprint that is actually expressed in the physical and behavioral characteristics of an individual

Question 3

dominant- recessive:

Answer 3

a type of relationship between two alleles of the same gene in which one allele is expressed whereas the other is suppressed

Question 4

sickle-cell anemia

Answer 4

A hereditary disease caused by a recessive, defective gene allele affecting the red blood cells. They are abnormally shaped and not as efficient. Symptoms can include a variety of organ dysfunction and sometimes early death, most common in individuals of African descent.

Question 5

cystic fibrosis

Answer 5

Inadequate mucus production; breathing and digestive problems: early death

Question 6

What are males more susceptible then females?

Answer 6

Men are more susceptible to some genetic disorders than females; the problem is mismatched sex chromosomes. Disease include hemophilia, baldness, color blindness, night blindness

Question 7

What are the 5 healthy stages in prenatal development

Answer 7

germinal period: first two weeks of pregnancy
period of the embryo: the third through the eighth week, forming the nervous system
Cephalo-caudal: Head to tail
proximo-distal: Near to far
Period of the fetus: lasts from the ninth week until birth

Question 8

Teratogens

Answer 8

substances that can cross the placental barrier and produce fetal deformities when take or absorbed by the mother during pregnancy

Question 9

Teratogens: alcohol

Answer 9

Great variability in outcome; may include distinct facial structure, cardiac skeletal and urogenital abnormalities ; none safe during pregnancy

Question 10

Teratogens: nicotine:

Answer 10

low birth weight due to constricted blood flow and reduced nutrition