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2024FA BASIC SPEECH (COMM-1315-12) > Ch 2 > Flashcards

Ch 2 Flashcards

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1
Q

What is audience analysis?

A

he process of understanding the audience’s characteristics to tailor the speech approach and content.

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2
Q

How does audience analysis benefit a speaker?

A

It helps the speaker connect with the audience by making content more relevant and engaging.

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3
Q

What two dimensions of communication did Watzlawick, Beavin, and Jackson identify?

A

Content dimension and relationship dimension.

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4
Q

What is the goal of audience analysis?

A

To adapt the speech to the audience’s interests, values, and expectations

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5
Q

How can awareness of audience analysis improve your listening skills?

A

It allows you to recognize techniques other speakers use to connect with their audience.

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6
Q

How does audience analysis influence speech construction?

A

It helps in deciding the approach, examples, and supporting materials that will resonate with the audience.

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7
Q

What does it mean to be audience-centered in public speaking?

A

To prioritize the audience’s needs and interests in shaping the speech content and delivery.

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8
Q

What is the content dimension of communication?

A

The actual information or message being conveyed in a speech.

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9
Q

What is the relationship dimension of communication?

A

The connection between the speaker and audience, including trust and respect.

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10
Q

Why is the relationship between the speaker and audience important?

A

Mutual trust and respect between the speaker and audience are crucial for effective communication.

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11
Q

How can understanding audience analysis make you a better listener?

A

It helps you focus on the techniques and strategies used by the speaker to connect with the audience.

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12
Q

What can audience analysis reveal about an audience’s expectations?

A

It provides insights into what the audience expects to gain from the speech.

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13
Q

Why should speakers avoid “dumping” information on the audience?

A

Overloading the audience with information can make the speech less engaging and harder to follow.

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14
Q

How can audience analysis help make a speech more meaningful?

A

By tailoring content to the audience’s interests, values, and background.

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15
Q

What happens when the speaker fails to establish trust with the audience?

A

The audience may not be receptive to the message or engage with the speech.

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16
Q

What are the two primary goals of audience analysis?

A

Understanding the audience’s characteristics and adapting the speech to meet their needs.

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17
Q

How does audience analysis contribute to the effectiveness of a speech?

A

It helps the speaker design content that resonates with the audience, increasing engagement.

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18
Q

How does the content dimension of communication differ from the relationship dimension?

A

The content dimension is about the message, while the relationship dimension focuses on the connection with the audience.

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19
Q

How does audience analysis improve a speaker’s credibility?

A

By demonstrating that the speaker understands and respects the audience’s needs and perspectives.

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20
Q

Why is mutual trust important in public speaking?

A

It enhances the audience’s receptiveness to the speaker’s message.

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21
Q

What are demographic characteristics?

A

Outward traits of an audience, such as age, gender, race, ethnicity, culture, religion, and occupation.

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22
Q

What is the purpose of demographic analysis in public speaking?

A

To understand the audience’s outward traits to tailor the speech content accordingly.

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23
Q

What does it mean to stereotype an audience?

A

Generalizing about a group of people based on one characteristic, assuming all members are the same.

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24
Q

Why is it important to avoid totalizing based on one demographic characteristic?

A

It oversimplifies the audience and leads to ineffective communication.

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24
How can understanding multiple demographic characteristics help a speaker?
It allows for a more nuanced and effective approach in addressing audience diversity.
25
What are some common demographic characteristics?
Age, gender, race/ethnicity, religion, group affiliation, region, occupation, and education.
26
What demographic characteristic is associated with region?
Where the audience lives, such as urban, suburban, or rural areas, or regional identity.
27
How do demographic characteristics influence speech preparation?
They guide the selection of topics, examples, and strategies that will resonate with the audience.
28
Why is it important to recognize the relevance of certain demographic characteristics in different contexts?
Not all characteristics will be equally important in every speaking situation.
29
How does socio-economic level influence audience analysis?
It affects what examples and references resonate with the audience, such as lifestyle and financial concerns.
30
How can occupation as a demographic characteristic affect a speech?
It may influence the use of jargon or the topics that are relevant to the audience’s professional interests.
31
How does gender impact communication styles, according to research?
Men tend to communicate more directly, while women often use more detail and qualifiers.
32
What should a speaker be mindful of when addressing an audience with different family statuses?
Family status may affect priorities and interests, influencing how the audience relates to the speech topic.
33
Why is understanding religious affiliation important in audience analysis?
Religion may influence the audience’s values, beliefs, and reactions to certain topics.
34
How has the concept of demographic characteristics changed over time?
Demographic characteristics have evolved with societal changes, such as the rise of internet use and population shifts.
35
How can age as a demographic characteristic influence speech preparation?
Different age groups may have varying concerns, interests, and life experiences.
36
Why is it important to be aware of changes in audience demographics over time?
Demographic characteristics are dynamic and may shift, requiring speakers to stay informed and adaptable.
37
What role do group affiliations play in demographic analysis?
Group affiliations can indicate shared values, interests, or responsibilities that the speaker should consider.
38
How can a speaker use demographic analysis to avoid communication barriers?
By tailoring content to the audience’s demographic traits, reducing the risk of alienating or confusing them.
39
Why is audience diversity important to consider when preparing a speech?
A diverse audience may require a more inclusive and adaptable approach to ensure engagement from all members.
40
What are psychographic characteristics?
Internal traits of an audience, such as beliefs, attitudes, values, and needs.
41
How are beliefs different from attitudes in audience analysis?
Beliefs are deeply held convictions, while attitudes are stable positive or negative responses.
42
What four factors affect the difficulty of changing a belief?
Stability, centrality, saliency, and strength.
43
How does the stability of a belief affect its changeability?
The longer a belief is held, the more stable and entrenched it becomes, making it harder to change.
44
What is the centrality of a belief?
How core the belief is to a person's identity or self-concept.
45
How do values influence speech preparation?
Values represent what the audience considers important, and tailoring content to align with their values can increase engagement.
46
How can understanding attitudes help in audience analysis?
Attitudes shape how the audience reacts to a topic, influencing their receptiveness to the message.
47
What is Maslow’s Hierarchy of Needs?
A theory that categorizes human needs from basic physiological needs to self-actualization.
48
How can Maslow's Hierarchy of Needs be applied in public speaking?
By understanding where the audience is on the hierarchy, the speaker can tailor messages to address relevant needs.
49
Why are beliefs harder to change than attitudes?
Beliefs are often deeply rooted and supported by strong intellectual or experiential foundations.
50
How do beliefs, attitudes, and values relate to each other?
Beliefs inform attitudes, which influence values and shape behavior.
51
What is the role of values in determining audience engagement?
Values guide what the audience finds important or compelling, making them a key focus in persuasive speeches.
51
How does centrality of a belief affect the likelihood of changing it?
If a belief is central to a person’s identity, they are less likely to change it.
52
How do psychographic characteristics help tailor a persuasive speech?
By aligning the message with the audience’s beliefs, values, attitudes, and needs, the speaker can be more effective in persuasion.
53
What is an example of a value that might influence audience behavior?`
A value like prestige may lead individuals to
54
How can psychographic analysis help in topic selection?
It ensures the topic resonates with the audience's beliefs, attitudes, values, and needs, making the speech more effective.
55
What are “felt needs” in Maslow's Hierarchy?
Needs that individuals strongly desire, even if not essential for survival, such as coffee or wifi.
56
How can values like nostalgia influence audience behavior?
Nostalgia can lead people to make decisions that reflect their desire to reconnect with past experiences.
57
What are contextual factors in audience analysis?
Elements like time, place, audience size, and purpose of the gathering that affect how a speech is delivered.
57
How do attitudes shape actions in public speaking contexts?
Positive attitudes toward a topic or activity increase the likelihood of the audience acting on the speaker’s message.
58
Why is it important to understand the audience's needs in persuasive speeches?
Addressing the audience’s needs directly increases the likelihood of persuading them to take action.
59
Why is it important to know the time limit for a speech?
It helps the speaker determine how much content to include and ensures the speech stays within the allotted time.
60
How does the time of day affect a presentation?
Audience energy and engagement may vary based on the time, requiring different strategies to maintain attention.
60
What should a speaker consider when delivering a speech to a large audience?
The need for increased volume, possible use of a microphone, and clear visual aids.
60
How does physical space impact a speech?
The layout, size, and comfort of the space can influence the speaker’s movement, volume, and interaction with the audience.
61
How does the purpose of the audience gathering influence speech content?
The speaker should tailor the speech to be relevant to why the audience is attending the event.
62
Why is audience size important in speech preparation?
It affects the delivery style, interaction level, and choice of visual aids.
63
What is the importance of knowing audience expectations before a speech?
It ensures the speech content and delivery align with what the audience expects from the presentation.
64
How can the time of day influence audience energy?
Early morning or late afternoon presentations may require more engaging techniques to maintain focus.
65
How does the purpose of the audience gathering affect the speaker’s approach?
It helps the speaker choose content that aligns with the audience’s reason for attending.
66
How can physical space limitations affect a speaker’s delivery?
Restricted space may limit movement or visibility, requiring adjustments in delivery style.
67
Why is it important to adapt delivery to audience size?
Larger audiences may require changes in volume and pacing, while smaller audiences may allow for more interaction.
68
What impact can audience expectations have on a speech?
Misjudging audience expectations can lead to disengagement or misunderstanding of the message.
69
Why should a speaker consider the time available for a presentation?
It helps in structuring the speech to fit within the time limit while covering essential points.
70
What can happen if the physical space is not conducive to a speech?
Distractions or discomfort in the space can negatively affect audience attention and engagement.
71
How can knowing the size of the audience improve speech preparation?
It allows the speaker to adjust their interaction, movement, and visual aids to fit the audience size.
72
How does audience gathering purpose affect speech content?
It ensures the content is relevant to the audience’s shared interest or reason for attending.
73
What should a speaker do to accommodate for audience size?
Use appropriate visual aids, adjust volume, and modify delivery style based on the number of attendees.
73
Why is understanding physical space important in speech preparation?
It helps the speaker make necessary adjustments to their delivery style and movement based on the environment.
74
How does physical space influence the effectiveness of a speech?
Factors like seating arrangement, lighting, and acoustics can impact how well the audience engages with the speaker.
75
What is the difference between hearing and listening?
Hearing is a physical process, while listening is an active effort to understand, process, and retain information.
76
What is comprehensive listening?
Listening focused on understanding and remembering important information from a speech.
77
What is empathetic listening?
Listening to understand someone’s feelings and motivations, often in personal situations.
78
What is appreciative listening?
Listening for enjoyment, such as when listening to music or poetry.
79
What is critical listening?
Listening to evaluate the validity of arguments and information presented in a speech.
80
Why is listening in public speaking considered "hard work"?
It requires active engagement and effort to stay focused and retain information despite distractions.
81
What is planned redundancy in public speaking?
A technique where the speaker repeats key points to help the audience remember the information.
82
How can visual aids improve audience listening?
They provide additional ways for the audience to understand and retain the message.
83
What is a barrier to listening caused by mental processing speed?
The brain processes information faster than people speak, leading to potential distractions.
84
How does confirmation bias affect listening?
It causes listeners to interpret information in ways that confirm their preconceptions, limiting open-mindedness.
85
How does the speaker’s skill influence audience listening?
A skilled speaker can engage the audience, making it easier for them to listen and retain information.
86
Why is taking notes important for listening?
It keeps the listener engaged and helps retain more information from the speech.
87
How can distractions affect listening in public speaking?
External distractions, such as noises or electronic devices, can pull attention away from the speaker.
88
What role does an audience member’s preparation play in effective listening?
Coming prepared, such as bringing a notebook, helps improve focus and engagement.
89
Why is it important to avoid prejudging a speaker?
Prejudging can cause the listener to dismiss the speaker’s message before fully hearing it.
90
How can confirmation bias lead to ineffective listening?
It prevents the listener from considering new perspectives or ideas that challenge their beliefs.
91
How can distractions from other audience members affect listening?
Noises, phone use, or talking can interfere with listening and make it harder to focus on the speaker.
91
What is a personal strategy to improve listening in public speaking?
Recognize personal barriers, such as distractions or prejudgments, and actively work to minimize them.
92
How can using visual aids help with listening barriers?
Visual aids reinforce the spoken message, making it easier for the audience to follow and remember.
93
What is the importance of audience interaction in improving listening?
Interaction helps keep the audience engaged and encourages active listening throughout the speech.

2024FA BASIC SPEECH (COMM-1315-12) (8 decks)

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