Ch. 22 Pt.2/ Ch.23 Flashcards
(25 cards)
All the following statements about the so-called Scopes Monkey Trial are correct EXCEPT:
When Warren G. Harding said the country needed a return to “normalcy,” he was referring to:
a return to the laissez-faire government of the Gilded Age era.
All the following 1920’s foreign policy terms are correctly connected to their respective definition EXCEPT:
Bretton Woods Agreement: a supplemental agreement between Japan and the United States in which the U.S. acknowledged that Japan had “special interests” in China due to its geographic proximity, especially in those areas of China adjacent to Japanese territory. (Right answer)
Locarno Treaty: A treaty agreement in which Germany agreed to respect the western boundaries established by the Versailles Treaty and keep the Rhineland demilitarized.
Kellogg Briand Pact: The Kellogg Briand Pact refers to a multi-lateral agreement that renounced war as a solution for international disputes.
Nine-power Treaty: formally confirmed the principles of an open door in China to ensure China’s sovereignty and territorial boundaries and guarantee equal commercial access for all nations to China.
This Secretary of State was instrumental in securing arms limitation agreements at the Washington Naval Conference.
Charles Evan Hugues
All the following statements about the Ku Klux Klan during the 1910s and 1920s are correct EXCEPT:
Klan leaders, under the banner of “100 Percent Americans,” promised to defend white Protestant social, legal, moral, and cultural standards and values, but often operated outside the scope of the law to achieve their goals or to impose their own law and order as they saw fit, engaging in shocking acts of intimidation and violence.
Internal division and disgraceful misconduct of Klan leaders played a role in the Klan’s decline during the latter part of the 1920s.
The Klan shamelessly used the American silent movie, Birth of a Nation, which offered a racist, romanticized depiction of the South during Reconstruction as a propaganda tool for recruitment.
Unlike the earlier Klan organization, established during the Reconstruction era, the new fraternal order, re-established by William J. Simmons in 1915, allowed white Protestant women to assume leadership positions in various Klan chapters. (Right answer)
The Teapot Dome Scandal refers to a major scandal during the Harding administration in which Secretary of Interior______________ secretly leased naval oil reserves at Teapot Dome, Wyoming, and Elk Hills in California to private oil companies.
Albert Fall
Who said, “the man who builds a factory builds a temple?”
Calvin Coolidge
In_____________________, the ACLU successfully made a case before the U.S. Supreme Court against anti-evolution laws.
Epperson v. Arkansas
All the following statements about the Great Depression are correct EXCEPT:
The Great Depression reached its lowest point in 1933, but it lasted for over ten years with varying degrees of severity.
The nation’s GNP was reduced by 1/3rd at the lowest point.
The primary cause of the Great Depression was the Great Stock Market Crash of 1929. (Right answer)
At its lowest point, unemployment reached 25%, with an estimated 1 million Americans left homeless and penniless.
In December 1933 _____________ Amendment finally repealed the Eighteenth Amendment to end Prohibition.
21st
In 1924, businessman _____________ attempted to solve Germany’s post-WWI financial problems by establishing an annual and gradual schedule of Germany’s reparation payments.
Charles Dawes
Which of the following statements best describes the Stock Market Crash of 1929?
Although the Crash did not cause the ensuing Great Depression, it did expose underlying weaknesses in the United States’ national economy.
An important causal factor for the Great Depression was:
inept and counterproductive policies of the Federal Reserve Commission.
All the following statements about Prohibition are correct EXCEPT:
Despite its negative reputation, social indicators suggest that Prohibition eventually led to a lasting reduction in Americans’ overall alcohol consumption. (Right answer)
The Volstead Act was doomed to failure because it was riddled with loopholes, and the government failed to supply enough officers to enforce it.
Prohibition cost the government 10% percent of its annual revenue and eliminated thousands of jobs related to the liquor industry.
It had a negative impact on law and order, giving rise to organized crime syndicates led by infamous gangsters such as Al Capone.
All the following individuals associated with the New Deal era are correctly identified EXCEPT:
Harry L. Hopkins: As commissioner of the Bureau of Indian Affairs during the Roosevelt administration, Hopkins sought the passage of the Indian Reorganization Act, which was designed to reinvigorate Native American cultural tradition. (Right answer)
John Steinbeck: Author of “The Grapes of Wrath,” which portrayed the desperate plight of Oklahoma farmers during the Dust Bowl.
Father Coughlin: This frighteningly bigoted critic of Roosevelt’s New Deal program engaged in vitriolic rants on his weekly radio broadcasts, claiming Roosevelt’s New Deal was a Communist conspiracy and the instrument of Jewish bankers while praising the Nazis for killing Jews.
Andrew Mellon: Mellon was a leading member of the Federal Reserve Commission who believed that the economic downturn that followed the Stock Market Crash of 1929 was a standard economic cycle necessary to purge the nation’s financial system.
All the following New Deal terms are correctly matched to their respective definitions EXCEPT:
Reconstruction Finance Corporation: To address demands for federal action, Congress established the RFC in 1932 to make emergency loans to banks, life insurance companies, and railroads.
Schechter Poultry Corporation v. United States: In this case, the Supreme Court ruled the National Recovery Administration was unconstitutional.
The Townsend Recovery Plan: A radical plan for dealing with the Great Depression, which sought to redistribute the nation’s wealth by raising taxes on the wealthy to provide annual incomes or bonuses to poor families, workers, retirees, and military veterans. (Right answer)
Court Packing Scheme: An ill-advised plan hatched by Roosevelt to increase the number of Supreme Court Justices on the bench as a counterweight to the conservative nine Supreme Court Justices who could potentially nullify pending Second New Deal legislation.
In 1932, “Bonus Expeditionary Force” (the Bonus Army) marched on Washington to
get early payment of a veteran’s bonus that Congress had voted in 1924.
In ______________, the Supreme Court overturned the so-called ‘Scottsboro Boys’ conviction because the lower court had failed to ensure they were provided with adequate defense attorneys.
Powell v. Alabama
All the following New Deal legislation and programs are correctly identified EXCEPT:
Fair Labor Standards Act: The act, which applied only to businesses engaged in interstate commerce, prohibited the employment of children under the age of sixteen.
Civilian Conservation Corps: This relief program was established to build dams, control flooding, and bring electricity and industrial development to rural areas. (Right answer)
The Wagner Act: This act established a legal right for U.S. industrial workers to unionize by majority vote, made illegal company-run unions and yellow dog contracts, and protected the right of unions to engage in strikes.
Works Progress Administration: This agency employed millions of people to carry out various public works projects, including projects to employ artists, writers, and actors.
Which of the following statements best characterizes Roosevelt’s New Deal program?
Arguably, one of Roosevelt’s most impressive achievements as President during the Great Depression was that he:
This act created Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation, which provided federal insurance for customer bank accounts and called for the separation of commercial banking from investment banking.
The Glass-Steagall Act of 1933
Which of the following statements best describes the National Origin Act of 1924?
The act intended to stem the flow of immigrants from southern and eastern Europe in favor of immigration from northern and western Europe.
During the 1920s, reckless stock market speculation was fueled by:
