Ch.27/28/29 Flashcards
(25 cards)
Which of the following statements best describes President Kennedy’s response to the situation in Vietnam?
During the Bay of Pigs invasion, President Kennedy agreed to a:
secret invasion of Cuba by Cuban exiles.
All the following statements about the Civil Rights Act of 1964 are correct EXCEPT:
The act established the Equal Employment Opportunities Commission.
The act includes provisions that prohibit discrimination in national elections and requires desegregation of public facilities.
The passage of the act was a top priority for Lyndon B. Johnson.
The act contained important provisions to ensure African Americans’ voting rights in state and local elections. (Right answer)
In February 1960, four black college students (the Greensboro 4) began a trend toward:
lunch counter sit-ins
All the following Civil Rights events are correctly identified EXCEPT:
Mississippi Freedom Summer Project: Under the auspices of a coalition of civil rights organizations, civil rights activists initiated a controversial strategy in which they invited white northern college students to come to Mississippi to teach in “Freedom Schools” and help African Americans register to vote.
Freedom Rides: A protest movement initiated by northern Civil Rights activists to challenge ongoing segregation in public transportation despite Supreme Court rulings banning segregation on buses and terminals that serve interstate routes.
March on Washington: The largest political demonstration in American history in which over 250,000 civil rights activists from all walks of life converged on Washington D.C. with the aim to pressure Congress to act on Kennedy’s civil rights bill.
March on Birmingham: Dramatic series of protest demonstrations initiated by Dr. King in which Police Commissioner Bull Connor’s televised violent response to peaceful demonstrators helped galvanize support for Kennedy’s civil rights bill. (Right answer)
All the following 1960s Civil Rights activists are correctly identified EXCEPT:
James Meredith: Leader of the Congress of Racial Equality who helped supervise the Freedom Riders’ challenge to ongoing racial segregation on interstate bus transportation. (Right answer)
Malcolm X: The leading spokesman for the “black power movement,” who rejected the approach of mainstream civil rights leadership to offer militant speeches that inspired thousands of Black youths to join the Nation of Islam.
Medgar Evers: A Mississippi civil rights activist and NAACP field officer gunned down in front of his home by a white supremacist. The nation’s anger over this shocking violence made civil rights a pressing social issue for Americans.
John Lewis: Chairman of the Student Nonviolent Coordination Committee and future U.S. Representative who led the March from Selma to Montgomery.
All the following terms related to the Vietnam War are correctly identified EXCEPT:
Operation Rolling Thunder: U.S. military strategy initiated during Johnson’s administration to force the North Vietnamese to engage in large-scale pitch battles where the U.S. would have the advantage. (Right answer)
Gulf of Tonkin Resolution: Resolution passed by the Senate based on false information about a North Vietnamese torpedo attack on two U.S. warships that grave President Johnson’s broad authority to use military force to safeguard Southeast Asia.
Viet Cong: South Vietnamese guerrilla fighters who were members of the National Liberation Front, a left-wing nationalist movement backed by Communist North Vietnam in their violent insurgency against the South Vietnamese government.
Tet Offensive: A major surprise attack in January 1968 by Viet Cong and North Vietnamese troops on U.S. and South Vietnamese forces throughout South Vietnam that contradicted claims by U.S. commanders that the U.S. was winning the war.
The first women appointed to the U.S. Supreme Court was:
Sandra Day O’Connor
The____________________were classified government documents leaked to the New York Times by Daniel Ellsberg, which detailed the pessimistic outlook of key government officials about the prospect of the U.S. winning the war in Vietnam.
Pentagon Papers
This student group organized the first major demonstration against the Vietnam war:
Students for a Democratic Society.
During the Watergate scandal, the so-called Watergate tapes revealed the key felony committed by Richard Nixon was:
obstructing justice by instructing the CIA to persuade the FBI not to follow up its leads in the case.
The Buddhist monk who was photographed burning himself to death was protesting:
the corruption of the Ngo Dinh Diem regime.
Lyndon B. Johnson supported an ambitious domestic program of social and economic reform known as:
The Great Society.
Which of the following statements best describes the Nixon Doctrine?
This doctrine represented a new approach in which the U.S. would curtail its military involvement fighting Communism but would provide weapons and money to a nation assuming primary responsibility for its defense against communist insurgency.
In 1969, the _____________ signaled the birth of the modern gay rights movement and the formation of two new organizations, the Gay Liberation Front and the Gay Activist Alliance.
Stonewall riots
All the following terms related to the Nixon Administration are correctly matched with their definition EXCEPT:
War Powers Act: a congressional act that granted the president the authority to extend economic and military aid to Middle Eastern nations and to use force if necessary to assist any nation in the region against the threat of communist aggression. (Right answer)
SALT I: This acronym stands for Strategic Arms Limitation Treaty, which was for a trailblazing U.S.-Soviet nuclear arms limitation agreement that limited the number of missiles with nuclear warheads and prohibited the construction of missile defense systems.
“Vietnamization:” Nixon’s plan to steadily reduce the number of U.S. troops in Vietnam by equipping and training South Vietnamese soldiers so that they could assume the primary responsibility for the war in Vietnam.
Detente: The term is used to describe Nixon’s foreign policy initiative to ease tensions between the U.S. and communist countries, such as China, to reestablish international relations.
The demonstrations at Kent State, in which four students were killed, were in response to Nixon decision to:
invade Cambodia to attack North Vietnamese sanctuaries.
All the following terms related to the women’s movement during the 1960s and 1970s are correctly identified EXCEPT:
Roe v. Wade: This landmark Supreme Court decision granted women the fundamental right to choose whether or not to bear a child by prohibiting state governments from interfering with a woman’s right to an abortion during the first three months of pregnancy.
The Feminine Mystique: Betty Friedan’s groundbreaking book which helped launch the second phase of the feminist movement by challenging the idea that women’s fulfillment came only with marriage and motherhood.
Title IX: This federal civil rights law passed as part of the Education Amendments of 1972 represents a major victory in the cause of gender equality. The law prohibits gender discrimination in education programs or activities that receive Federal financial assistance, opening the way for greater female participation in high school and college sports.
Association for the Advancement of Womanhood: This path-blazing feminist organization sought to end gender discrimination in the workplace and spearheaded efforts to legalize abortion and obtain federal and state support for child-care centers. (Right answer)
_________________ was a Mexican-American civil rights activist who helped form the civil rights organization, United Farm Workers, which sought to improve the lives and work conditions of migrant workers in California through a series of nonviolent protest demonstrations, such as marches, hunger strikes, and nationwide boycotts.
Cesar Chavez
In the second half of the 1960s, disaffected young people expressed their alienation from American society through their music, lifestyle, and dress and by freely experimenting with drugs. This is referred to as:
the Counterculture Movement
Pres. Carter’s most striking diplomatic achievement was helping to negotiate the Camp David Accords between Israel and Egypt, which included the following terms:
Israel promised withdrawal from the territory captured from Egypt in the 1967 Israel-Egypt war in exchange for Egypt’s recognition of Israel as a nation.
In 1979, Christian Right activist ______________ formed the Moral Majority to campaigned for the social and political goals of the Christian Right, which included reversing Roe v. Wade, combating communism, and replacing Darwin’s Theory of Evolution with the biblical story of creation in school textbooks.
Jerry Falwell
The Cuban Missile Crisis was finally resolved when
the Soviets agreed to remove their intermediate-range missiles in Cuba if the U.S. agreed not to invade Cuba and to remove U.S. missiles in Turkey
The 1965 Voting Rights Act:
dramatically expanded African American voters in the South.
