Ch.19/20 Flashcards
(25 cards)
One reason for growing support for a formal overseas empire among Americans after the Civil War was the desire to:
Why did Roosevelt send the “Great White Fleet” on a world tour between 1907 and 1909?
to demonstrate that the United States had come of age as an international naval power.
In his famous book, “The Influence of Sea Power on History,” ______________ argued that national security and prosperity rested on a powerful navy.
Alfred T. Mahan
All the following factors propelled the United States into war with Spain in 1898 EXCEPT:
The U.S. was drawn into conflict over concerns that Imperialistic Germany would possibly use the deteriorating conditions in Cuba and Spain’s relative weakness as a pretext to intervene in the situation in Cuba to assume control of the island and establish a foothold in the Caribbean.
U.S. Senator Redfield Proctor’s devastating first-hand account, highlighting the Cuban people’s bleak conditions, helped move the U.S. one step closer to war with Spain. (Not Answer)
Americans, already antagonistic toward Spain, rushed to judgment, blaming Spanish treachery for the explosion of the USS Maine in February 1898.
Americans were further antagonized against Spain after the publication of the de Lome letter, written by Dupuy de Lome, the Spanish Ambassador to the United States, which harshly criticized President McKinley.
The Peace Treaty of 1898, which formally ended the Spanish-American War, granted the U.S. all the following territories EXCEPT:
Guam
Puerto Rico
Panama (Answer)
The Philippines
Which of the following statements best describes Theodore Roosevelt’s role in the Panamanian Revolution?
Roosevelt, already furious with the Colombian government’s refusal to accept the terms of the Hay-Herrian Treaty, sent U.S. gunboats to the region to assist the Panamanian rebels in their revolt against Colombian rule, which played an instrumental role in helping the Panamanians achieve independence.
All the following terms concerning American Imperialism are correctly matched to their respective definition EXCEPT:
Insular Cases: This term refers to series of Supreme Court decisions concerning the political and legal status of the United States’ newly acquired territories from Spain in which the Court held that the indigenous people of Puerto Rico and the Philippines were not entitled to the same constitutional rights as American citizens.
Foraker Act: This act established a government for Puerto Rico to deal with their domestic affairs and declared island residents citizens of Puerto Rico, but not the United States.
Spooner Amendment: This act granted amnesty to all persons in the Philippine archipelago who had participated in the conflict. It also provided funding to build roads and bridges to restore the transportation system on the mainland. (Answer)
Platt Amendment: a provision amended to an army appropriations bill passed by Congress in 1901 that granted the new Cuban government conditional independence. This amendment gave the U.S. the right to take over Cuba if that country entered into a treaty or debt that might place its freedom in danger, and it gave the U.S. the right to put a naval base in Cuba (Guantanamo Bay).
Why did the United States fight a war in the Philippines after the Spanish-American War?
to quell an insurrection led by Filipinos that opposed annexation by the United States.
All the following individuals or groups associated with American imperialism are correctly identified EXCEPT:
Josiah Strong: author of Our Country: Its Possible Future and Its Present Crisis, which suggested the superiority of the Anglo-Saxon race and called for Americans to spread their culture, values, and economic and political institutions abroad to uplift the supposedly backward people of the world.
William James: Influential American philosopher and co-founder of the American Anti-Imperialist League who argued American imperialism had caused the United States to “puke up its ancient soul.”
William Seward: served as Secretary of State from 1861 to 1869 and played a pivotal role in America’s shift to imperialism by promoting the link between territorial expansion and commercial objectives, which he achieved with the purchase of Alaska.
Brooke Adams: U.S. ambassador who played a role in the overthrow of Hawaiian Queen Liliuokalani. (Answer)
Roosevelt issued his now-famous Corollary to the Monroe Doctrine to:
forestall the possibility that European nations might use military force to collect Latin American debts in default.
Why was Theodore Roosevelt awarded the Nobel Peace Prize?
He brokered a peace settlement in the Russo-Japanese War.
Which of the following statements best describes the significance of the Boxer Rebellion in regard to U.S. foreign policy?
Concerned that European military intervention to quell the Boxer rebellion would give some European powers an excuse to carve up China into colonies, the Secretary of State refined America’s Open Door policy in China to assert that American policy was to preserve the territorial and administrative integrity of China and to safeguard the principles of equal and impartial trade.
In response to the Brownsville Riot, President Theodore Roosevelt:
dishonorably discharged the entire army regiment of 167 African American soldiers and then defended his actions with dangerously harsh language about the black soldiers.
Which of the following statements best describes a significant aspect of the Coal Strike of 1902?
This strike represents the first time a sitting president used his authority to referee a dispute between management and labor.
Roosevelt solidified his reputation as a Progressive reformer when he successfully sought legislation that provided the government with authority to regulate the coal mining industry.
The strike garnered national attention and formal recognition of the United Mine Workers Union by coal mine owners.
The strike led to major reforms in the coal industry, including the creation of a new agency that was granted the authority to enforce workplace safety regulations for the coal mining industry.(Not Answer)
All the following Progressive Era acts are correctly identified EXCEPT:
The Hepburn Act: This act increased the membership of the ICC from five to seven and authorized the Interstate Commerce Commission to set maximum rates for railroads.
Clayton Anti-trust Act: This act clarified and widened the scope of the Sherman Antitrust Act. It also included a provision that exempted organized labor from antitrust provisions that prohibited restraint of trade.
Keating Owens Act: This landmark federal legislation sought to outlaw child labor by prohibiting the interstate shipment of goods made by firms employing children under the age of 14.
Adamson Act: This landmark act created a new government agency to regulate business practices. It granted the agency broad authority to collect information on corporate pricing policies and cooperation and competition among businesses.(Answer)
A major theme of the Progressive Movement included:
This Progressive-era social reformer founded the National Child Labor Committee and served as head of the Consumer League, one of the most effective women’s organizations of the progressive era.
Florence Kelley
The U.S. ratified four new constitutional amendments during the Progressive era. One of the amendments approved during this era includes the following provision:
granted Congress the authority to levy a tax on income from any source without apportioning it among the states and without regard to the census.
In 1916, Woodrow nominated, ________________ to the Supreme Court, creating a firestorm of controversy. Wilson’s nominee, however, became one of the most influential and famous Justices in U.S. history, and his confirmation marked the first time a Jew had been appointed the Court.
Louis D. Brandeis
Why did Roosevelt create his own third-party, informally known as the Bull Moose Party?
In his first term, Woodrow Wilson sought to reform banking primarily through the:
Federal Reserve Act
The main goal of the muckrakers was to:
raise public awareness of social and economic problems through investigative reports.
This Progressive-era politician championed environmental conservation, leading to the creation of five new national parks and eighteen national monuments, including the Grand Canyon.
Theodore Roosevelt
During his first term, Roosevelt demonstrated his Progressive outlook when he developed a reputation as a “trust-buster” after he:
successfully used the Sherman Antitrust Act to break up the Northern Securities Company.
