Ch.24 Pt.1/2 Flashcards
(25 cards)
The Axis Powers during WWII included:
Germany, Japan, Italy
All the following statements are true about the D-day Invasion EXCEPT:
The Allied cross-channel invasion was conducted under the command of General Douglas MacArthur.
Hitler started World War II in Europe by invading _________ on September 1, 1939.
Poland
Beginning with the Nuremberg decrees, Hitler committed all the following acts against German Jews EXCEPT:
established policies that required German Jews to migrate to other nations. (Right answer)
began the process of deporting German Jews to concentration camps.
after the assassination of a German diplomat in Paris, Hitler’s Nazis engaged in wanton destruction of Jewish shops and synagogues and murdered dozens of innocent German Jews.
stripped German Jews of their citizenship and excluded them from professional and military occupations.
Which of the following statements best describes why Japan attacked Pearl Harbor?
The now-famous World War II photograph produced by Joe Rosenthal depicted:
the U.S. flag being raised at Iwo Jima.
Shortly after Hitler established a brutal Nazi police state in Germany, he committed all the following acts of aggression in violation of the Treaty of Versailles EXCEPT:
he annexed German-speaking Austria to the Reich as the German province of Ostmark.
He secured a foothold for Germany in North Africa when he conquered Ethiopia. (Right answer)
He re-militarized the Rhineland.
He withdrew Germany from the League of Nations and then began a major program of armament that included raising a half-million-man conscript army.
All the following terms from the WWII era are correctly associated with their respective definitions EXCEPT:
Tripartite Pact: A defensive agreement among the Axis Powers in which Germany, Italy, and Japan pledged to declare war on any nation that attacked any of them.
Yalta Conference: The second and last meeting of the so-called “Big Three” in which Allied leaders reached several agreements, including the terms of the allied powers’ post-war occupation of Germany, the creation of the United Nations, and Russia’s support to help defeat Japan after the defeat of Germany.
Munich Agreement: A treaty agreement in which Britain and France pledged to defend Poland against Nazi aggression after Hitler threatened to annex the free city-state of Danzig on the Polish border. (Right answer)
Atlantic Charter: A joint statement of international principles drawn up by Roosevelt and Churchill in a secret meeting in 1941, which enunciated the postwar world they wished to create in terms similar to Wilson’s Fourteen Points. The Charter called for national self-determination of all peoples, economic cooperation, freedom of the seas, and a new international system of collective security called the United Nations.
What happened at Dunkirk?
While German Panzer divisions halted to rest and refuel, British and French forces trapped on the beaches escaped across the Channel to England.
All the following World WII military leaders are correctly identified EXCEPT:
George Patton: After suffering a series of humiliating losses in early battles in Operation Torch, General Patton, an audacious field commander who claimed he loved war more than life, turned American troops into veteran soldiers, paving the way for an Allied victory in North Africa.
Jonathan Wainwright: General Wainwright served as the commanding general of the beleaguered U.S.forces in the Philippines after MacArthur’s departure. Wainwright endured the infamous Bataan Death March and 31/2 years of wanton brutality as a Japanese POW.
Chester Nimitz: Thanks to American military code breakers, Admiral Nimitz, the commander of the U.S. Central Pacific fleet in the battles of the Coral Sea and Midway, was able to take advantage of the element of surprise to inflict a crippling blow against Admiral Yamamoto and the Japanese Navy in the Battle Midway.
George C. Marshall: General Marshall, the brilliant but egocentric commander of the allied forces in the southwest Pacific, led a series of military victories in the Pacific Theater, including in New Guinea, Solomon Islands, and Leyte Island in the Philippines, fulfilling a promise he made to liberate the Philippines from the Japanese. (Right answer)
During the 1930s, Japan engaged in all the following acts of aggression EXCEPT:
waged full-scale with China.
supported General Franco in the Spanish Civil War. (Right answer)
invaded Manchuria to establish the puppet-state Manchukuo.
committed unspeakable acts of violence against as many as 300,000 innocent Chinese civilians in the Nationalist Chinese capital of Nanjing, also known as the “Rape of Nanking.”
All the following terms related to American isolationism during the 1930s are correctly identified EXCEPT:
America First Committee: a powerful lobbyist group composed of America’s most prominent citizens, including anti-Semitic and Nazi sympathizer Charles Lindbergh, who staunchly opposed any U.S. involvement in the war in Europe.
Nye Report: a U.S. Senate Committee report that concluded Americans had been pushed unnecessarily into military action in 1917 by bankers and weapons makers. The report inspired the passage of legislation to safeguard American neutrality.
Neutrality Act of 1935: First in a series of neutrality acts designed to ensure American neutrality by prohibiting the sale of arms and munitions to any nation at war. It also granted the President the authority to warn Americans sailing on belligerent ships that they did so at their own risk.
Burke-Wadsworth Act: a congressional act revising the Immigration Act of 1924 to include a new provision that temporarily imposed severe immigration restrictions from regions under Nazi Germany’s control. It also affirmed the U.S. ban on all immigration from Asia. (Right answer)
All the following WWII battles are correctly identified EXCEPT:
Invasion of Sicily: In July 1943, an estimated 250,000 British And American forces launched an invasion of the island of Sicily in what General Eisenhower called the “first page of the liberation of the European continent.” The Allies’ success led to the end of Mussolini’s twenty years of fascist rule in Italy and the Italians switching sides in the war.
Battle of Leyte Gulf: was the largest amphibious operation in the Pacific War, requiring three months of brutal fighting to secure this strategically located island for the planned Allied invasion of Japan. An estimated 49,000 Americans were killed, wounded, or missing in action in the battle. (Right answer)
Battle of Midway: After American cryptanalysts cracked the Japanese military radio code, American naval forces were able to repel a Japanese attack at Midway. In this critical victory, U.S. forces inflicted heavy losses on Japanese planes and naval carriers, crippling Japan’s effort to carry out an offensive strategy in the region.
Battle of the Bulge: In this battle, Hitler launched a massive, last-ditch counterattack against Allied forces in Belgium that ultimately failed. The Allied victory fatally weakened Hitler’s army, and by January 1945, the allies were again advancing toward Germany.
Before the U.S. entered into WWII, Roosevelt pursued all the following initiatives to assist Britain in its fight against Nazi Germany EXCEPT:
In September 1941, Roosevelt bent the truth about Germany’s U-boat attack on the USS Greer as a pretext to sidestep constraints imposed by U.S. neutrality laws and fulfill a secret pledge to Churchill to provide a convoy system to protect British merchant ships from German U-boats, ordering U.S. warships to protect shipping convoys all the way to Iceland.
One of Roosevelt’s most daring moves to help Britain after France fell to the Nazis was to trade fifty obsolete World War I destroyers to Britain in exchange for the rights to build military bases on British territories in the Western Hemisphere.
To get around the Neutrality Act’s “cash-and-carry” provision, Roosevelt successfully promoted the passage of the Lend-Lease Act, which granted the President discretionary power to lend or lease military supplies to any country whose defense was vital to the national security of the U.S.
During the Battle of Britain, Roosevelt worked behind the scenes to assist Great Britain in its fight against Hitler’s strategic aerial onslaught. He secretly shared with Britain advances in U.S. military technology, including advances made by U.S. scientists in radar technology and a newly developed wire-guided system for torpedoes. (Right answer)
All the following statements about the Manhattan Project are correct EXCEPT:
Truman had been kept up-to-date on the Manhattan Project’s progress while serving as Vice President. He was fully aware of the devastating impact of atomic weaponry and only agreed to use the atomic bomb after he was convinced by his military advisors there were no other alternatives to bring the war to an end. (Right answer)
Under Dr. J. Robert Oppenheimer’s direction, a team of renowned scientists, scattered among thirty-seven secret facilities in thirteen states, worked on the Manhattan Project.
Roosevelt established the top-secret Manhattan Project to develop an atomic bomb ahead of the Germans after Albert Einstein, an Austrian Jew who had fled Nazism, warned President Roosevelt that Germany might try to build an atomic bomb.
The Manhattan Project led to the construction of the two atomic bombs dropped on Hiroshima and Nagasaki, leading to the end of World War II and ushering in a new atomic age.
In the global military strategy known as ABC-1, American and British military planners decided to:
concentrate their war effort first against Nazi Germany.
On December 11, 1941,_______________ declared war on the United States, uniting separate regional wars in Europe and Asia into an epochal event, the Second World War.
Germany
Over 100,000____________were relocated and interned during World War II.
Japanese Americans
This European dictator invaded Ethiopia in 1935:
Benito Mussolini
United States troops first went into combat against German land troops in the:
invasion of North Africa, code name Operation Torch.
The determined war-time leader of Britain during World War II was:
Winston Churchill.
All the following were key members of the Grand Alliance Except:
The United States
Great Britain
France (Right answer)
The Soviet Union
This famous radio host provided first-hand coverage of the Blitz during WWII:
Edward R. Murrow
Who was the Supreme Allied Commander during World War II?
Dwight D Eisenhower
