Ch.25/26

Question 1

Of the five major administrative agencies created by the United Nations Charter, which of the following agencies is delegated the primary responsibility to maintain international peace and security?

Answer 1

Security Council

Question 2

All the following statements about NATO are correct EXCEPT:

Answer 2

U.S membership in NATO represents a departure from a long-standing policy against military alliances with foreign nations that dates back to the 1780s. (Right Answer)

the aim was to establish a peacetime military alliance as a mutual defense against communist Russia.

In response to the Warsaw Pact Alliance, NATO adopted a hard-line policy on the use of nuclear weapons known as “Massive Retaliation.”

NATO includes a provision for creating an international security council to oversee joint peace-keeping operations of member nations.

Question 3

Which of the following statements best describes why the United States and its allies engaged in daily airlifts to deliver supplies and food by air to West Berlin in 1948 - 1949?

Answer 3

The United States and its Allies sought to provide food and supplies to the thousands of refugees fleeing Soviet-held East Germany.

In the waning days of World War II, the United States and its Allies engaged in a humanitarian effort to airlift much-needed food and supplies to the beleaguered people of Berlin who had surrendered after Hitler committed suicide.

They hoped to win the hearts and minds of Berliners away from communism.

The airlift was an effort to outmaneuver Stalin when he tried to force the United States and its allies to leave their sector of Berlin by stopping all road and rail traffic into West Berlin. (Right answer)

Question 4

All the following statements about the Marshall Plan are correct EXCEPT:

Answer 4

the plan effectively halted Soviet expansion in Eastern Europe. (Right answer)

the United States implemented the plan as a safeguard against the spread of communism in war-torn Europe.

General George C. Marshall and his administrative staff were the architects of the plan.

the plan provided needed capital and goods essential to European recovery.

Question 5

All of the following Cold War terms are correctly connected to their respective definitions EXCEPT:

Answer 5

Truman Doctrine: In response to the civil war in Greece against communist guerrillas, Truman established a hard-line foreign policy doctrine that expanded U.S. national security to extend anywhere communist aggression threatened the peace.

Battle of Dien Bein Phu: In this battle, U.S. military troops sent by Eisenhower provided valuable assistance to help French forces in Indochina soundly defeat a surprise attack by the communist-backed Viet Minh in the Dien Bein Phu valley region. (Right answer)

Containment Policy: George Kennan’s anti-communist doctrine that advocated constant vigilance against Soviet expansion wherever in the world it occurred and by any means necessary, including military action because he believed the Soviet Union was committed to a policy of expansion at the expense of America’s internal harmony and traditional way of life.

Iron Curtain: A term coined by British Prime Minister Churchill to describe the geographical and ideological division between pro-Western democracies and the Soviet Union and Eastern European nations.

Question 6

President Truman used his executive power to enact this important Civil Rights measure:

Answer 6

desegregation of the army.

Question 7

Truman’s Federal Employee Loyalty Program:

Answer 7

was enacted as a means to eliminate communist subversives from government jobs.

Question 8

All the following statements about Joseph McCarthy and his so-called communist witch-hunt known as McCarthyism are correct EXCEPT:

Question 9

The Taft-Hartly Act:

Answer 9

modified existing provisions of the Wagner Act with the aim to reduce labor strikes and curtail the power of unions.

Question 10

In 1947, HUAC’s opened new investigations that targeted

Answer 10

the Hollywood film industry.

Question 11

This renowned television journalist publicly challenged Joseph McCarthy to help bring an end to McCarthy’s communist witch hunt:

Answer 11

Edward R. Murrow

Question 12

The secret document known as NSC-68:

Answer 12

called for enormous military expansion, sufficient to stop communism from spreading anywhere in the world.

Question 13

All the following statements describe the Korean War EXCEPT:

Answer 13

The conflict in Korea began when North Korea invaded South Korea with the aim to unify North and South Korea, which had been divided along the 38th parallel between the occupying forces of the Soviet and American after World War II.

President Truman believed it was necessary to intervene in the Korean conflict after North Korea invaded South Korea in 1950 because he assumed that the North Korean attack had been encouraged by the Soviets and aggressive response was necessary to stop the Soviets.

At the onset of the war, President Truman appointed General Dwight D. Eisenhower as supreme commander of the UN forces. (Right answer)

After three costly years of fighting, the Korean War ended in a military stalemate with no formal peace treaty ever agreed upon by the warring nations.

Question 14

Eisenhower’s “domino theory” suggested that:

Answer 14

a communist takeover in Vietnam would lead to the spread of communism throughout Southeast Asia.

Question 15

What was President Eisenhower’s response when the Arkansas governor refused to allow African American students to attend Central High School in Little Rock in 1957?

Answer 15

He sent federal troops to ensure the safety of black students entering Central High School from an angry white mob.

Question 16

The Servicemen’s Readjustment Act of 1944 (also known as the G.I Bill of Rights) included all the following provisions EXCEPT:

Answer 16

offered soldiers a bonus for reenlisting.

Question 17

In the Brown decision, the Supreme Court:

Answer 17

struck down “separate but equal” in public education.

Question 18

What event launched the space race between the United States and the Soviets?

Answer 18

The Soviet Union’s successful launch of the first satellite, Sputnik

Question 19

Martin Luther King, Jr was the co-founder of the

Answer 19

Southern Christian Leadership Conference

Question 20

The Eisenhower Doctrine:

Answer 20

pledge to protect Middle Eastern countries from armed Communist aggression.

Question 21

This act created a national network of interstate highway to serve the needs of commerce and defense as well as the public:

Answer 21

Federal-Aid Highway Act

Question 22

Which of the following statements best describes the Montgomery Bus Boycott?

Answer 22

The boycott led to the rise of a vocal and unified civil rights movement under the leadership of Martin Luther King, Jr.

Question 23

In 1945, ______________formed a provisional government in Hanoi and declared independence from France.

Answer 23

Ho Chi Minh

Question 24

All the following terms related to the Civil Rights movement during the 1950s are correctly identified EXCEPT:

Answer 24

“separate but equal” doctrine:” A judicial doctrine that upheld racial segregation in public facilities as long as the facilities were equal.

Redlining: A practice by administrators at institutions of higher learning to limit the enrollment of minorities in professional fields of study, such as medicine and law. (Right answer)

“nonviolent civil disobedience:” a tactic of challenging racists or unjust laws through peaceful actions.

Civil Rights Act of 1957: An ineffectual Civil Rights law that established the Civil Rights Commission with the aim to ensure African American voting rights

Question 25

Which of the following statements best describes the "Beats?"

Answer 25

A group of hedonistic writers, musicians, and artists who rebelled against conventional literary and artistic expression and the materialistic values of the 1950s.