Ch 27: Male Reproduction

Question 1

True or False

Reproduction plays no role in homeostasis.

Answer 1

True

Question 2

What male reproductive system is responsible for what 3 things?

Answer 2

1. Production of gametes
2. Delivery of gametes
3. Secretion of hormones to support all functions

Question 3

The male reproductive system is composed of…

Answer 3

primary and secondary sex organs.

Question 4

What are the male primary sex organs and what are they responsible for?

Answer 4

• Testes
• Production of gametes

Question 5

The secondary male sex organs are?

Answer 5

A sereis of ducts and tubes used for delviery of gametes.

Question 6

What are the main parts of the male reproductive system?

Answer 6

STeSE VUPA

• Scrotum
• Testes
• Seminiferous tubles
• Epididymus
• Vas (Ductus) derens
• Urethra
• Penis
• Accessory organs

Question 7

What are the chracteristics of the scrotum?

Answer 7

• Outer covering of testes
• Contains smooth muscles for contraction and relaxation

Question 8

Why are the testicles housed externally?

Answer 8

Sperm production reuires a lower body temperature.

Question 9

In what situation would the scrotal muscles contract? Why?

Answer 9

• If it is cold outside the body.
• To keep testes warm

Question 10

In what situation would the scrotal muscles relax? Why?

Answer 10

• When it is warmer outside
• To keep the testes cooler

Question 11

Testes are the site of…

Answer 11

sperm production

Question 12

What are the two membranes that surround the teste?

Answer 12

1. Tunica vaginalis
2. Tunica albuginea

Question 13

What are the characteristics of the tunica vaginalis?

Answer 13

Outer membrane layer of the teste, continuous with the peritoneum

Question 14

What are the characteristics of the tunica albuginea?

Answer 14

Fibrous capusle that penetrates testes and produces lobes

Question 15

Testicular lobes are created by _____ with ______ coiled within each lobe.

Answer 15

tunica albugiea, seminerous tubules

Question 16

Sperm cells are formed with the…

Answer 16

seminiferous tubules

Question 17

What are Leydig’s cells?

Answer 17

Interstitial endocrine cells between seminal canals that produce testosterone.

Question 18

What are the uses for testosterone in males?

Answer 18

• It is an anabolic steroid
• Development of male reproductive tissues such as testes and prostate
• Promotes secondary male characteristics such as increased muscle and bone mass, and the growth of body hair

Question 19

True or False

Low testosterone does not cause infertility.

Answer 19

True

Question 20

True or False

Sperm production is actually stimulated by hormones other than testosterone.

Answer 20

True

Question 21

_____ is required for sperm production, but the level in the testes where sperm are produced is many times higher than in the blood.

Answer 21

Testosterone

Question 22

Seminiferous tubules lead into the _____.

Answer 22

rete testis

Question 23

What is the rete tesis?

Answer 23

A tubular network between the seminiferous tubules and the efferent ductules, which lead to the epididymus.

Question 24

What is the flow of sperm from creation to exit?

Answer 24

• Seminiferous tubles, to
• Rete testis, to
• Efferent ductules, to
• Epididymus, to
• Vas deferens, to
• Ampulla of vas deferens, through
• Prostate, out the
• Urethra

Question 25

What are the characteristics of the vas deferens?

Answer 25

* Long tube that leads from testes back into the body * Runs along the vladder until it meets up with the urethra (at the prostate gland)

Question 26

What are the characteristics of the epididymus?

Answer 26

* Site of maturation of sperm * Immature at head and mature as they make their way through the body to the tail of the epididymus * Matured sperm are stored in the tail of the epididymus

Question 27

Maturation of sperm as they travel through the epididymus takes...

Answer 27

20 days

Question 28

Sperm stored in the tail of the epididymus are viable for...

Answer 28

40-60 days

Question 29

What happens if sperm are not ejaculated?

Answer 29

They are reabsorbed back into the body.

Question 30

What are the characteristics of the urethra?

Answer 30

* Long tube leading out of the body * Used for urinary and reproductive purposes * Carries both urine and semen out of body * Made of three parts

Question 31

What are the 3 parts of the urethra and where is each located?

Answer 31

1. Prostate urethra; through and surrounded by prostate 2. Membranous urethra; Urogenital diaphragm after prostate, controlling release of bladder 3. Spongy urethra; runs through and to the exit of the penis

Question 32

What are the characteristics of the penis?

Answer 32

* Copulatory organ * Delivers sperm * Muscular tube surrounding urethra

Question 33

What are the male reproductive accessory organs?

Answer 33

* Seminal vesicles * Prostate gland * Bulbourethral gland

Question 34

What are the characteristics of the seminal vesicles?

Answer 34

* Posterior and close to bladder * Secretes viscous alkaline fluid * Contains fructose, citric acid, prostaglandins

Question 35

What does the secretion from the seminal vescles do?

Answer 35

Its alkaline nature protects the semen agains the acidic vajayjay.

Question 36

What are the characteristics of the prostate gland?

Answer 36

* Surrounds the urethra at base of bladder * Secretes citric acid and enzymes * 1/3 of volume of semen

Question 37

Purpose of bulbourethra gland?

Answer 37

To secrete mucous into seminal fluid for lubrication.

Question 38

What does semen consist of?

Answer 38

* Sperm * Seminal vesicle, prostate and bulbourethral secretions

Question 39

What is an erection?

Answer 39

* Hardening of the penis * Accomplished by dilation of major blood vessels in penis

Question 40

What role does nitricoxide have regarding erections.

Answer 40

It is a vasodilator that is secreted on arousal

Question 41

What are the charateristics of the ejaculatory process?

Answer 41

* Semen reaches ejaculation duct * Impulse from sympathetic NS causes release * Release of semen through urethra

Question 42

What is spermatogensis and where does it occur?

Answer 42

* Production of sperm cells * Seminiferous tubles

Question 43

The cells that start the begining of sperm creation are called.

Answer 43

Spermatagonia

Question 44

Spermatagonia are _____ and have _____ chromosomes.

Answer 44

diploid, 46

Question 45

Spermatagonia undergo _____ which produces more cells that undergo _____ to create more cells and other cells called _____ that will undergo \_\_\_\_\_.

Answer 45

mitosis, mitosis, primary spermacytes, meiosis

Question 46

Spermacytes that have undergone meiosis 1 are ____ and contain __ chromosomes.

Answer 46

haploid, 23

Question 47

Spermatocytes undergo _____ that ______ the amount of spermatocytes which are now called \_\_\_\_\_.

Answer 47

meiosis 2, doubles, spermatids

Question 48

Are spermatids diploid or haploid?

Answer 48

haploid

Question 49

In the epididymus, haploid _____ become \_\_\_\_\_, or mature sperm cells.

Answer 49

spermatids, spermatazoa

Question 50

Spermatazoa contain...

Answer 50

* flagellum for motility * haploid nucleus * a lot of mitochondria to provide energy to get to ovum * acrosome on top of head

Question 51

What does the spermatazoa acrosome contain?

Answer 51

Digestive enzyme to penetrate egg cell membrane

Question 52

Follicle Stimulating Hormone is also known as...

Answer 52

FSH

Question 53

What is the purpose of FSH in males?

Answer 53

Triggers division of spermatagonia | (sperm production)

Question 54

Leutinizing Hormone is also known as...

Answer 54

LH

Question 55

What is the purpose of LH in males?

Answer 55

Trigers Leydig's interstitial cells in between the seminiferous tubles to produce testosterone.