Ch 3 Flashcards
Infection
When a microorganism (microbe) invades the body, multiplies, and cause injury/disease
Types of Microbes
Bacteria, fungi, Protozoa, viruses
Pathogen
Microbe capable of causing disease
Communicable infection
Person to person spread
CDC investigates
Nosocomial & healthcare-associated infections (HAIs)
Infections squired in hospitals/ healthcare settings
Caused by infected people, patients, visitors, food, drugs or equipment
Antibiotic-resistant infections
Antibiotic-resistant bacteria
Ex MRSA
Multidrug-resistant gram (-) bacteria
Ex Pseudomonas aeruginosa
Chain of infection
- Infectious (causative) agent-pathogenic microbe responsible for causing infection
- Reservoir- where microbe can survive and grow
- Exit pathway - way to leave host
- Means of transportation
- Entry pathway - way agent enters host
- Susceptible host-decreased ability to resist infection
Means of infection transportation
Airborne Contact -direct (touching/kissing) indirect (objects) Droplets (coughing/sneezing) Vector(mosquitos) Vehicle (food water drugs)
according to standard first air procedures, severe external bleeding is best controlled how?
applying direct pressure
class c fires
involve electrical equipment
vaccination against HBV involves
a dose of vaccine, a second dose 1 month later and a third dose 6 months later
an example of employee screening for infection control
PPD testing
NOT a code word in the NFPA order of action in the event of fire
smother
the purpose of “protective” isolation
to protect patients who are highly susceptible to infection
the OSHA HazCom Standard is also commonly called
right-to-know law
proper order for putting on protective clothing
gown first, then mask, then goggles, gloves last
Federal law requires that hepatitis B vaccination be made available to employees assigned to duties with occupational exposure list at what point in time?
within 10 working days of initial assignment
the FIRST thing that phlebotomist should do in the event of an accidental needle stick
wash the site with soap and water for at least 30 seconds
the main principles involved in radiation exposure are
exposure time, distance and shielding
an example of a nosocomial infection would be
when a catheter site of a patient in ICU becomes infected
an example of a potential permucosal exposure to biohazardous microorganisms
rubbing an eye with a contaminated hand
an instance in which a patient might be placed in protective isolation
the patient has tuberculosis
an example of a work practice control that reduces the risk of exposure to blood borne pathogens
hand washing
the type of contact infection transmission that involves transfer of an infective microbe to the mucous membranes of a susceptible individual by means of a cough or sneeze
droplet
