Ch. 30 Alterations of Cardiovasular Function Flashcards
Which of the following is NOT one of the factors that promotes deep venous thrombosis? Venous stasis Venous endothelial damage Polycythemia Hypercoagulable states
Polycythemia
Which of the following terms describes this condition of an occlusion in a blood vessel from a bolus of circulating matter in the bloodstream? Thrombus Embolus Thrombophlebitis Foam cell
Embolus
Which of the following is a factor that leads to aortic aneurysm? Lack of atherosclerosis Deficiencies in wall collagen Excessive elastin Decreased oxygen radicals
Deficiencies in wall collagen
A young woman presents with pallor, numbness, and a sensation of cold temperature of her digits. Which of the following is the most likely cause? Raynaud phenomenon Thromboangiitis obliterans Peripheral vascular disease Varicose veins
Raynaud phenomenon
Which statement is FALSE regarding hypertension?
Approximately 65% of Americans older than the age of 60 have hypertension.
Less than two thirds of those with hypertension have it controlled.
It is defined as a systolic pressure of greater than 90 mmHg.
It is systolic pressure of 140 mmHg or greater.
It is defined as a systolic pressure of greater than 90 mmHg.
A person experiences an elevated systolic pressure accompanied by normal diastolic pressure (less than 90 mmHg). Which of the following is the correct term for this condition? Primary hypertension Secondary hypertension Tertiary hypertension Isolated systolic hypertension
Isolated systolic hypertension
Which of the following is NOT associated with hypertension?
Family history positive for hypertension
Asian race
High dietary sodium
Glucose intolerance
Asian race
Which of the following complications occurs secondary to hypertension?
Cardiovascular muscle atrophy
Hypoglycemia
Congestive heart failure
Decreased demand for coronary perfusion
Congestive heart failure
Which of the following is TRUE regarding atherosclerosis?
Atherosclerosis is an acute process of heart muscle degeneration.
Atherosclerosis is thickening and hardening of the vessel wall.
A plaque is caused by neutrophils.
Fatty streaks and foam cells are identical.
Atherosclerosis is thickening and hardening of the vessel wall
Which of the following pairs regarding dyslipidemia is correct?
High-density lipoprotein–triglycerides and fat packages
Very low-density lipoproteins–triglycerides and proteins
Low-density lipoproteins–phospholipids and proteins
Chylomicrons–triglycerides and phospholipids
Very low-densisty lipoproteins–triglycerides and proteins
A woman presents with chest pain that occurs at rest. She is found to have abnormal vasospasm of her coronary arteries. Which of the following is the BEST description of this case? Stable angina Prinzmetal angina Silent ischemia Angina pectoris
Prinzmetal angina
Which of the following is NOT a sign of atherosclerosis? Xanthelasmas Arcus senilis Atrial septal defect Extra-rapid heart sounds
Atrial septal defect
Which of the following is TRUE regarding cellular injury of the myocardium?
Cardiac cells can withstand ischemic conditions for about 60 minutes.
ECG changes are visible after approximately 120 seconds.
Myocardial cells remain viable if blood flow returns within 20 minutes.
After 20 seconds of decreased blood flow, myocardial cells become cooler.
Myocardial cells remain viable if blood flow returns within 20 minutes
Which of the following is NOT a functional change expected from acute myocardial infarction? Decreased contractility Decreased stroke volume Increased ejection fraction Increased left ventricular compliance
Increased ejection fraction
A person is being transferred from another medical facility with a diagnosis of acute myocardial infarction. Which of the following is NOT a typical symptom of acute myocardial infarction? Cough Diaphoresis Absence of pain Crushing pain
Cough
