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Patho Test 2 Evolve/Elsevier > Ch. 29 Structure and Function - Cardiovasular & Lymphatic Systems > Flashcards

Ch. 29 Structure and Function - Cardiovasular & Lymphatic Systems Flashcards

1
Q

Which of the following is NOT a function of the pericardium?
Prevents displacement of the heart during gravitational acceleration or deceleration
Physical barrier that protects the heart against infection and inflammation
Contains pain receptors and mechanoreceptors that affect blood pressure
Lining that is continuous with the arteries, veins, and capillaries of the body

A

Lining that is continuous with the arteries, veins, and capillaries of the body

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2
Q 
Which of the four chambers has the thickest wall?
  Left atrium
  Right atrium
  Left ventricle
  Right ventricle
A

Left ventricle

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3
Q

Which of the following is an accurate statement regarding blood flow through the heart?
Blood flows from the left atrium through the tricuspid valve to the left ventricle.
Blood flows from the right atrium through the aortic valve to the right ventricle.
Blood flows from the right ventricle through the pulmonic semilunar valve.
Blood flows from the left ventricle through the bicuspid valve.

A

Blood flows from the right ventricle through the pulmonic semilunar valve

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4
Q

Which of the following is the correct description of the A wave?
Generated by atrial contraction
Early diastolic peak caused by filling of the atrium
Produced due to the descent of the tricuspid valve ring
Reflects rapid flow of blood from the great veins and right atrium into right ventricle

A

Generated by atrial contraction

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5
Q 
Which of the following arteries travels in the coronary sulcus between the left atrium and the left ventricle?
  Left anterior descending
  Circumflex 
  Right coronary
  Left coronary
A

Circumflex

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6
Q 
Which part of the heart is responsible for electrical impulse stimulation?
  Atrioventricular node
  Sinus node
  Bundle of His
  Right bundle branch
A

Sinus node

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7
Q 
Which of the following represents the measure of time from the onset of atrial activation to the onset of ventricular activation?
  PR interval
  QRS complex
  ST interval
  QT interval
A

PR interval

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8
Q

Which of the following is a difference between cardiac and skeletal muscle fibers?
Cardiac fibers have only one nucleus and skeletal muscle fibers have many nuclei.
Cardiac fibers have a slower transmission than skeletal muscle fibers.
Cardiac fibers are arranged in parallel.
Cardiac fibers have fewer mitochondria than skeletal muscle fibers.

A

Cardiac fibers have only one nucleus and skeletal muscle fibers have many nuclei.

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9
Q 
What is the appropriate term for the thick filaments of myosin that constitute a central dark band?
  A band
  I band
  Z line
  M line
A

A band

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10
Q 
Which drugs have a major effect in decreasing the strength of cardiac contraction?
  Calcium channel blockers
  Narcotics (morphine)
  Adenosine
  Aspirin
A

Calcium channel blockers

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11
Q

Which two items are related in the Frank-Starling law of the heart?
Resting sarcomere length to tension generation
Resting sarcomere length to end-diastolic volume
Tension generation and left ventricular pressure
Tension generation and diastolic filling pressures

A

Resting sarcomere length to tension generation

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12
Q

Which of the following is the correct definition of preload?
Impedance to ejection of blood from the left ventricle
Wall tension that is related to internal blood vessel radius
Lower tension curve than normal.
Pressure generated by the end-diastolic volume

A

Pressure generated by the end-diastolic volume

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13
Q 
Which of the following is the cardioinhibitory center?
  Sympathetic excitation
  Parasympathetic excitation
  Bainbridge reflex
  Baroreceptor reflex
A

Parasympathetic excitation

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14
Q 
Which of the following hormones is released from atrial tissue in response to increases in blood volume?
  Epinephrine
  Norepinephrine
  Thyroid hormone
  Atrial natriuretic peptide
A

Atrial natriuretic peptide

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15
Q

What are the two factors that determine cardiac output?
Parasympathetic and sympathetic activity
Preload and afterload
Heart rate and stroke volume
Right and left atrial pressure

A

Heart rate and stroke volume

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16
Q 
Which of the following is the source of nutrients for the blood vessels?
  Tunica intima
  Tunica media
  Adventitia
  Vasa vasorum
A

Vasa vasorum

17
Q

Which of the following is the appropriate equation for mean arterial pressure?
MAP = diastolic + 1/3 (systolic – diastolic)
MAP = VP
MAP = (P1 – P2) / resistance
MAP = pressure × radius/wall thickness

A

MAP = diastolic + 1/3 (systolic – diastolic)

18
Q

Which of the following actions does NOT cause a release of renin?
Increase in blood pressure at the renal artery
Decrease in the amount of sodium delivered to the kidney
ß-Adrenergic stimuli
Low potassium concentration

A

Increase in blood pressure at the renal artery

19
Q 
What is the effect of angiotensin II?
  Vasodilation
  Vasoconstriction
  Inhibition of aldosterone
  Excretion of sodium at the kidney
A

Vasoconstriction

20
Q 
Which of the following peptides has the function of regulation of sodium and water balance?
  Atrial natriuretic peptide (ANP)
  Brain natriuretic peptide (BNP)
  C-type natriuretic peptide (CNP)
  Urodilatin
A

Urodilation

21
Q

Which of the following is NOT correct regarding autoregulation?
Blood vessels regulate their own blood flow.
In coronary circulation, pressure is between 60 and 180 mmHg.
Mechanism is well documented and is related to the sympathetic system.
Autoregulation ensures constant coronary blood flow.

A

Mechanism is well documented and is related to the sympathetic system.

22
Q

Which of the following is TRUE regarding the thoracic duct?
Major source of venous return to the heart
Receives lymph from most of the body
Receives lymph from the right arm, head, and thorax
Dumps blood into the right atrium

A

Receives lymph from the most of the body

Patho Test 2 Evolve/Elsevier (11 decks)

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