Ch. 44 Disorders of Musculoskeletal Function: Rheumatic Disorders

Question 1

What systemic inflammatory disease attacks the lining of the joints?

Answer 1

RA

Question 2

RA affects males or females more?

Answer 2

Females

Question 3

Can RA last a lifetime?

Answer 3

Yes

Question 4

Can RA have remission?

Answer 4

Yes

Question 5

What are the most common symptoms of RA?

Answer 5

• Swelling
• Pain
• Deformity

Question 6

In which disease do WBCs attack the synovium?

Answer 6

RA

Question 7

The causes of RA are unknown but what may be a possible predisposition?

Answer 7

Genetics

Question 8

The joint loses shape and becomes destroyed in what disease?

Answer 8

RA

Question 9

RA is systemic but also localized to what?

Answer 9

The joint.

Question 10

What are joint manifestations of RA?

Answer 10

• Pain
• Stiffness
• Decreased ROM

Question 11

What is one of the most common joints affected by RA?

Answer 11

Knee

Question 12

What are the extra-articular (other than the joint) manifestations of RA?

Answer 12

• Fatigue
• Weakness
• Anorexia/ weight loss
• low-grade fever
• elevated ESR
• anemia

Question 13

What is the ultimate treatment goal of RA?

Answer 13

decrease pain, stiffness, swelling, and increase mobility

Question 14

A client is in acute phase of RA. Which of the following should the nurse identify as lowest priority in the plan of care?

Answer 14

Maintaining usual ways of accomplishing tasks

Question 15

Osteoarthritis (OA) is what type of disease?

Answer 15

Degenerative Joint Disease (DJD)

Question 16

What is the most common form of arthritis?

Answer 16

OA

Question 17

The cause of primary OA is what?

Answer 17

unknown

Question 18

What is the secondary cause of OA?

Answer 18

• Aging
• Obesity
• Repetitive Use

Question 19

OA can affect any joint but primarily affects which joints?

Answer 19

• Hands
• Knees
• Hip
• Spine

Question 20

Inflammation caused when cartilage attempts to repair itself in OA causes what?

Answer 20

Osteophytes (bone spurs)

Question 21

What are the manifestations of OA?

Answer 21

• Pain that progressively worsens
• Crepitus and grinding
• Decreased ROM

Question 22

Which of the following should the nurse assess when completing the history and physical examination of a client diagnosed with OA?

Answer 22

Local joint pain

Question 23

What is the name for crystal-induced arthropathies?

Answer 23

Gout

Question 24

Gout is caused by what?

Answer 24

Uric acid stones (essentially build up of waste products which move to the joint)

Question 25

Gout affects who primarily?

Answer 25

Men 40-60 y/o

Question 26

What increased lab values will there be if someone has gout?

Answer 26

Serum uric acid levels

Question 27

Cellulitis and Gout present similarly, what is the determining observable factor?

Answer 27

Cellulitis would have a wound

Question 28

What are the manifestations of gout precipitated by:

Answer 28

- exercise - medications - foods - alcohol

Question 29

To diagnose gout would the patient have hyperuricemia?

Answer 29

YES

Question 30

How do you treat gout?

Answer 30

- Diet changes to decrease uric acid consumption - Increase fluids to rid uric acid - NSAIDs for pain - Allopurinol/colchicine to decrease production of uric acid

Question 31

What foods high uric acid should individuals with gout avoid?

Answer 31

- organ meets - wines - aged cheese - saukeraut

Question 32

What is the name of the chronic inflammatory disease which can affect every organ system in the body?

Answer 32

Systemic Lupus Erythematous (SLE)

Question 33

Is SLE an autoimmune disease?

Answer 33

YES

Question 34

Is the cause of SLE unknown?

Answer 34

YES

Question 35

What disease causes the formation of auto antibodies and immune complexes which in turns damaged the tissues? This is called what?

Answer 35

- SLE | - B-cell hyperactivity

Question 36

What are the manifestations of lupus?

Answer 36

- Fever - Fatigue - "Butterfly" rash - sun sensitivity - joint pain/swelling - swollen glands - muscle aches - pleurisy (causes chest pain) - Pleural effusion - Seizures - Psychosis

Question 37

What disease causes "hard skin"?

Answer 37

Systemic Sclerosis Scleroderma

Question 38

Is systemic sclerosis scleroderma a rare, progressive, autoimmune disease?

Answer 38

YES