ch. 5 terms Flashcards by sunshine m

the ________________ system consists of the ___, _____, _____, sweat and sebaceous glands

integumentary, hair, skin, nails

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the 2 regions of the skin are the _____ and ______

dermis, epidermis

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________ (epidermis/dermis) is avascular and is the superficial, (thinner/thicker) region that consists of keratinized stratified squamous ET

epidermis, thinner

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Epidermis consists of ______________ _____________ squamous ET

keratinized stratified

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Hypodermis (is/is not) part of the skin but shares some of its ______ in that the hypodermis is the subcutaneous layer deep to skin and consists of areolar CT and adipose tissue

is not, functions

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the dermis (vascular) underlies the ______ (hypodermis/epidermis) and is the deeper, thicker layer that consist of mostly ______ (fibrous/nonfibrous) connective tissue, areolar CT is superficial and dense ______ CT is the deeper region

epidermis, fibrous, irregular

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Functions of the Hypodermis are absorbing shock, __________ and to anchor skin to underlying structures mostly muscles

insulating

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_______ cells are sensory touch receptors located at epidermal-dermal junctions

tactile

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The pigment melanin is packaged into is called

melanosomes

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Stratum spinosum is several cell layers (thin/thick)

thick

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_________cytes produce ________ (fibrous/nonfibrous) keratin protein

keratino, fibrous

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______cytes are located in deepest epidermis and produce a pigment called ______ (hello choco _____ from the mothaland)

Melano, melanin

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______ cells are star-shaped ______ that patrol deep layers of the epidermis

dendritic, macrophages

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Stratum ________ is found only in thick skin with all (9/5) layers

lucidum, 5

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Stratum basale is the ______ (deepest/most shallow) of all epidermal layers

deepest

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the Five layers of Epidermis are: (Can Lucy Give Some Blood)

Corneum, lucidum, granulosum, spinosum, basale

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______ cells are actively dividing, producing two daughter cells with each ______ division

stem, miotic

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Stratum _______ is (4-6/5-7) cells thick and the cells are flattened

granulosum, 4-6

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Epidermis is made up of __ or __ distinct layers

4, 5

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Dermis Contains the
1. Nerves
2. _____ vessels
3. ______ vessels
4. ______ hair follicles
5. ____ glands
6. ______ glands
7. ______ muscle = arrector pili muscle

blood, lymphatic, epidermal, oil, sweat, smooth

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Stratum corneum is the superficial layer of 20–30 rows of flat, ___________(keratinized, nonkeratinized), anuclear, dead cells that accounts for three-quarters of _______ (epidermal/dermal) thickness

keratinized, epidermal

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do stratum corneum cells still function even if they’re dead?

yes

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________ consists of Areolar CT and Dense Irregular CT

dermis

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thick skin contains __ layers, whereas, thin layers contain only __ layers

5, 4

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another name for layers is

strata

Dermis has Two Layers 1. ______ layer 2. ________ layer

papillary, reticular

Papillary Layer is the ________ (superficial/deep) layer of areolar CT

superficial

Friction ridges = ______ ridges + ______ ridges

dermal, epidermal

Reticular Layer has a network of blood vessels that nourishes reticular layer called (cutaneous/subcutaneous) plexus

cutaneous

Reticular layer consists of dense ______ CT with elastic fibers and collagen fibers

irregular

Reticular Layer makes up about __% of dermal thickness

blisters are (fluid/air) -filled pockets that separate _______ and dermal layers of the skin

fluid, epidermal

Reticular layer cleavage lines are externally invisible and formed by many collagen fibers running (parallel, opposite) to skin surface

parallel

________- is a yellow to orange pigment that is most obvious in palms and soles

carotene

Hair (bulb/follicle) is the expanded area at deep end of follicle

bulb

Flexure lines of reticular layer are dermal folds that are located _______ joints

at or near

________ is the only pigment made in skin

melanin

_________ causes the pinkish hue of fair skin

hemoglobin

Hairs and nails contains (hard/soft) keratin

hard

Hair (shaft/root) is the area that extends above scalp where keratinization is complete

shaft

Hair consists of (dead/alive), keratinized epithelial cells

dead

Hair Follicle is a tube-like extension from the ______ surface into ______

epidermal, dermis

(arrector/errector) pili is a small band of smooth muscle attached to the follicle

arrector

Hair papilla is a mound of dermal tissue containing capillaries that supplies (nutrients/collagen) to growing hair

nutrients

Hair (shaft/root) is the area within scalp where keratinization is still going on

root

Hair pigments are made by _____cytes in hair follicles

melano

Hair follicle ______ is a sensory nerve ending that wraps around hair bulb

receptor

Hair matrix is the (actively/nonactive) dividing area of hair bulb that produces the hair cells

actively

(Vellus/venus) hair is pale, fine body hair found on children and adult females

vellus

(terminus/terminal) hair is coarse, long hair found on scalp and eyebrows and can be dark

terminal

Nail _____ is the thickened proximal portion of nail bed responsible for nail growth

matrix

Nail (bed/plate) is the epidermis underneath keratinized nail plate

bed

_________ Nail fold projects onto surface of nail body and is called eponychium or cuticle

proximal

Hyponychium is the area under free edge of plate that accumulates _____ and secures free edge to finger or toe

dirt

Nail folds are skin folds that overlap _____ of nail

border

Sweat Glands are also called _______ glands

Sudoriferous

The lunule, (round/crescent) shaped region, appears white because the thickened nail matrix hides the capillaries

crescent

Eccrine Sweat Glands are the most _________ type

numerous

Function of Eccrine Sweat Glands is _________

Thermoregulation

Ceruminous glands line (external/internal) ear canal and secrete cerumen

external

Mammary glands secrete ____ (think breastfeeding)

milk

Composition of Sweat is 99% ____, _____, Vitamin ____, antibodies, and metabolic wastes

water, salts, C

Sebaceous Glands are _____ Glands

oil

Apocrine Sweat Glands are located in (pits), (poo), and (private) regions

axillary, anus, genital

sebum helps to _____ hair, ____ water loss from skin, and kill bacteria

soften, slow

Functions of Skin are first and foremost a barrier a. ________ b. Body temperature regulation c. Cutaneous sensations d. Metabolic functions e. ______ reservoir f. ______ of wastes

protection, blood, excretion

1. _____; contains antimicrobial proteins 2._____; kill bacteria 3. ___ also secrete antimicrobial defensin 4. ____ mantle: low pH of skin retards bacterial multiplication 5. ________ provides a chemical barrier against UV radiation damage

sweat, sebum, cells, acid, melanin

Chemicals w limited skin penetration that are able to penetrate the skin 1. Lipid-soluble substances 2. Plant oleoresins (e.g., poison ivy) 3. Organic solvents (acetone, paint thinner) 4. Salts of heavy metals (lead, mercury) 5. Some drugs (nitroglycerin) 6. Drug agents

repeat 3x

the epidermis contains _____cytic cells

phagocytic

If body temperature rises, dermal blood vessels (decrease/dilate)

dilate

If body temperature decreases, dermal blood vessels (increase/constrict)

constrict

Cutaneous Sensory Receptors are part of the which System

nervous

Skin begins the pathway for the synthesis of vitamin (A/D/E/K)

Skin can hold up to _% of the body’s total blood volume

Skin can secrete (limitless/limited) amounts of nitrogenous wastes

limited

Most skin tumors are benign (not _______) and do not spread (______size)

cancerous, meta

Basal Cell Carcinoma is the (most/least) malignant and most common

least

Squamous Cell Carcinoma is the second most common type and (can/won't) spread

can

melanoma is cancer of ________cytes and is the most dangerous because it is highly metastatic and resistant to chemotherapy

melanocytes

Tissue damage from burns is caused by ____, electricity, radiation, and certain ______

heat, chemicals

Burns classified by severity 1. ___-degree burns 2. ______-degree burns 3. ____-degree burns 4. _______-degree burns

1st, 2nd, 3rd, 4th

First-degree burn (dermal/epidermal) damage only with localized redness, _____ (swelling), and pain

epidermal, edema

Second-degree burn All of the ______ and the upper part of the dermis is damaged leaving _____

epidermis, blisters

First and second-degree burns are referred to as ______-thickness burns

partial

Third-degree burn All of the ______ and ______ is damaged and referred to as ____ thickness burns

epidermis, dermis, full

Fourth-degree burn A burn that extends through the ____ thickness of the skin and into the underlying ____, ___, muscles or tendons.

full, bone, fat

Rule of Nines A method of ______ the extent of body _____ that has been ______ in an adult.

estimating, surface, burned

ch. 5 terms Flashcards

(87 cards)