Ch 6: Classification

Question 1

What is taxonomy

Answer 1

• membrane wall
• nucleus/ organelles
• reproductions
• morphology

Question 2

What are possible reproductions

Answer 2

Binary fission, snapping division, budding

Question 3

Energy/ carbon source

Answer 3

Absorb, photosynthesis, ingest

Question 4

Morphology

Answer 4

Cocci, bacilli

Question 5

3 domains of life

Answer 5

-eukarya
- archaea
- bacteria

Question 6

Eukarya

Answer 6

• fungi
• animal/ plants
• protists, flagellas

Question 7

Archaea

Answer 7

-halophiles
- thermophiles

Question 8

Bacteria

Answer 8

-Cyanobacteria
- heterotrophic bacteria

Question 9

Characteristic of archaea

Answer 9

• lack true peptidoglycon
• cell membrane lipids
• reproduce through binary fission
• don’t cause disease
  (4 phyla)

Question 10

Phyla of archaea

Answer 10

Extremophiles
- crenatchaeota
- eurkarchaeota
- nanoatchaeota
• methangens
- kor(y)archaeota

Question 11

Characteristics of extremoohiles

Answer 11

• extreme conditions
• thermophiles : DNA/RNA die 45°C
  -Halophiles: all Euryarchaeota, red orange pigments

Question 12

Characteristics of methanogens

Answer 12

-Largest group of Archaea
-Convert CO2, H2, organic acids to methane
-Primary sources of methane

Question 13

Characteristics of bacteria

Answer 13

-classified by bacteria wall as positive or negative
-P.Proteobacteria
- Cyanobacteria and chlorobi
- chemoheterotrophs

Question 14

A. Proteobacteria

Answer 14

-nitrogen fixers
-Purple nonsulfur phototrophs
1 pathogenic’

Question 15

Gammaproteobacteria

Answer 15

• purple sulfur
• intracelleular
• methane oxidizers
• branched, phototrophic
• largest group of Proteobacteria

Question 16

Phototrophic bacteria

Answer 16

• autotrophic
• live in normal environments
• hot, acidic, anaerobic, high UV

Question 17

Definition of aquifix

Answer 17

Represent earliest branch of bacteria

Question 18

C. Deinococci

Answer 18

Outer membrane similar to G-, but stains G+

Question 19

Mycoplasma

Answer 19

No cell walls

Question 20

Listeria monocytogenes

Answer 20

Hypothermic- resistant
- infants and immunocomprised

Question 21

Mycobacterium

Answer 21

• rod-shaped
• aerobic
• slow growth

Question 22

Gram- negative Proteobacteria

Answer 22

• largest and most diverse group of bacteria- chemoheterotrophs

Question 23

Alpha Proteobacteria

Answer 23

Nitrogen fixers

Question 24

Characteristics of eukarya: Protozoa

Answer 24

• unicellular, no cell wall
• require most environments
  -ASexual

Question 25

Trichonymopha

Answer 25

Termite digestion

Question 26

P. Parabasala

Answer 26

- trichonymopha Lack mitochondria

Question 27

P. Alveolates

Answer 27

- Cristae, chemoautotrophs - cilliates and alveoli - cercozoa, radiolaria, amoebozoa, euglenozoa, and diplomadida

Question 28

Eukarya: parasites

Answer 28

-live, feed, develop on or in another organism - medically, socially, economically important - ingestion, vector borne, direct contact

Question 29

P. Platyhelminths

Answer 29

- macroscopic, multicellular, eukaryotic worms - C. Cestoda, C. Trematoda, c. Turbellaria, P. Nematoda

Question 30

Arachnida

Answer 30

- 8- legged, 2 appendages, exoskeleton - hard boiled ticks

Question 31

C. Insecta

Answer 31

6-legged, 3 regions, head, thorax, abdomen - fleas and crabs

Question 32

Fungi characteristics

Answer 32

- eukaryotic and multicellular - grow filaments called hyphae - long and thread-like and connected - spore dispersal - asexual - nonmotile Absorbtive heterotrophs

Question 33

Mycelia: fungi

Answer 33

- absorptive chemoheterotrophs - saprophytic, haustoric - mostly aerobic

Question 34

Yeasts and molds

Answer 34

• yeasts: non filaments, unicelllular, asexual • molds: filamentous hyphae, multicellular

Question 35

Ascomycota (sac fungi)

Answer 35

•sexual: ascospores w/ in ascus •Asexual: condidiospores •zygomycota: glomeromycota -sexual: zygospores through fusion 2 hypha -asexual: sporangiospores • basidiomycota: club/ fleshy fungi -sexual: basisiospores - asexual: condidiospores •deuteromycota: -asexual: variable

Question 36

Asexual v sexual

Answer 36

Asexual: filamentous molds Sexual: indistinguishable gametes

Question 37

Fungi/ algae

Answer 37

- mutualistic - phycobiont (algae/ Cyanobacteria) - mycobiont fungus

Question 38

Clostridium

Answer 38

C. Tetani- tetanus C. Perfringens- gange green C. Botulinum- botulism C. Difficile- very contagious, rotting flesh Veilonella spp.- biofilm formation in plaque

Question 39

Acetobacter

Answer 39

- industrial - nail polish - acetone

Question 40

Enterococcus

Answer 40

Pathogenic, multi drug resistance

Question 41

C. Diphtheria

Answer 41

Attacks and inflames Lungs, throat, tonsils, and lymph nodes

Question 42

Clostridium

Answer 42

Obligate anaerobes -Die when oxygen is present -Causes to tetanus