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IBM > CH 7 : The Decision-Making Process > Flashcards

CH 7 : The Decision-Making Process Flashcards

1
Q

technological competency

A

kemampuan mengerti teknologi baru dan memanfaatkannya sebaik mungkin

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2
Q

information competency

A

menemukan, mengumpulkan, mengatur, menunjukkan informasi untuk decision making

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3
Q

analytical competency

A

mengevaluasi dan menganalisis informasi

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4
Q

data

A

fakta mentah dan observation

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5
Q

informasi

A

data menjadi berguna dan bermakna

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6
Q

timely

A

informasi tersedia ketika dibutuhkan

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7
Q

high quality

A

info akurat dan dpt dipercaya

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8
Q

complete

A

info lengkap , up to date

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9
Q

relevant

A

sesuai dengan tugas yg ada, bebas dr material asing

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10
Q

understandable

A

info jelas dan dpt dimengerti

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11
Q

management information system

A

menggunakan tech terkini utk mengkoleksi, mengatur, mendistribusikan data

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12
Q

intelligence information untuk

A

menghadapi customer, competitor, other stakeholder

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13
Q

data mining

A

proses menganalisis data utk memproduksi informasi

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14
Q

big data

A

dlm quantity besar dan susah utk diproses tanpa matematika canggih dan teknik komputasi

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15
Q

analytics

A

pengumpulan sistematis dan pengolahan data

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16
Q

business intelligence

A

proses penyadapan/penambangan sistem informasi utk mmengambil dan melaporkan data

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17
Q

executive dashboard

A

scr visual menunjukkan dan memperbarui key performance metric melalui bentuk graph/chart.scorecard

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18
Q

managers as information processors

A

terus mengumpulkan, memberi, menerima informasi

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19
Q

performance threat

A

ada sesuatu yg salah/sudah salah.kinerja sbenarnya kurang dari yg diinginkan

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20
Q

performance opportunity

A

menawarkan kesempatan utk kinerja yg lebih baik

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21
Q

problem avoiders

A

mengabaikan informasi, mengumpulkan info scr pasif, tdk mau membuat keputusan

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22
Q

problem solvers

A

mau membuat keputusan dan memecahkan masalah tapi hny ketika dipaksa situasi . berhadapan dgn baik performance threat tp melewatkan performance opportunities

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23
Q

problem seekers

A

proaktif mencari masalah utk diselesaikan bahkan sblm tjd. pny pemikiran maju, mengantisipasi performance action dan threat, mengambil preemptive action

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24
Q

systematic thinking

A

menghadapi masalah scr rational, step by step, analytical process, slow dan methodical. membuat plan sblm mengambil action

25
intuitive thinking
fleksibel dan spointan, menghadapi byk aspek sekaligus mempertimbangkan firasat/ide spontan, bekerja dgn baik ketika fakta terbatas
26
multidimensional thinking
melihat byk problem scr serentak, baik long/short time horizon
27
strategic opportunism
kemampuan tetap fokus dlm long term objective sambil memecahkan short term problem scr fleksibel
28
sensation thinkers
menekankan impersonal drpd personal, mengambil pendekatan realistis, suka hard facts, tujuan jelas, kepastian
29
intuitive thinkers
nyaman dgn abstraksi, situasi tdk terstruktur, cenderung idealistic, rentan thdp posisi intelektual dan teoritis, cenderung menghindari detail
30
intuitive feelers
menyukai issue global dan luas, insightful, mementingkan fleksibilitas dan human relationship
31
sensation feelers
menekankan baik analisis maupun human relation, pendekatan realistis , lbh suka fakta drpd spekulasi, open communicator dan sensitif thdp feeling dan value
32
programmed decision
menggunakan solusi yg sudah tersedia dr pengalaman sebelumnya
33
nonprogrammed decision
situasi baru dibuat khusus utk menemukan permintaan dari situasi unik yg tjd
34
certain environment
komplit, lengkap dengan factual information, rapi dan nyaman utk decision maker
35
risk environment
kekurangan info dan tdk lengkap, menggunakan probabilities utk mengira"`
36
uncertain environment
ketika fakta sedikit, info sgt tidak lengkap, manager tdk dpt menetapkan kemungkinan hasilnya
37
step 1 decision making process
mencari dan mengidentifikasi masalah (mengumpulkan info, decision objective hrs dibuat)
38
common mistake dalam defining problems
mendefinisikan masalah trll luas/sempit, fokus ke gejala drpd penyebab, memilih problem yg salah utk dihadapi dlm titik wkt tertentu
39
step 2 decision making process
menghasilkan dan mengevaluasi tindakan alternatif
40
kesalahan paling sering dlm step 2
meninggalkan pencarian alternatif dan evaluasi dlm konsekuensi mereka trll cepat akibat ketidaksabaran, time pressure, lack of commitment
41
step 3 decision making process
memilih tindakan yg diutamakan
42
classical decision model
pilihan rasional diutamakan . manager menghadapi problem yg jelas shg membuat optimizing decision
43
behavioral decision model
ada cognitive limitation dlm kemampuan human information processing. membuat manager susah utk fully informed, membuat bounded rationality
44
satisfacting decision
memilih satisfactory alternative pertama yg menarik perhatian
45
step 4 decision making process
implement the decision - mengambil keputusan utk memastikan solusi jadi realita, manager hrs punya kemauan
46
step 5 decision making process
mengevaluasi hasil, pembandingan antara yg nyata dan hasil yg diinginkan. jika gagal, kembali ke step awal
47
ethical reasoning
utility, rights, justice, caring
48
heuristic
strategi menyederhanakan decision making
49
framing error
problem dievaluasi dan dipecahkan dlm konteks dimana dirasakan baik scr positif/negatif
50
availability bias
menilai situasi skrg dengan menggunakan informasi dri ingatan
51
representative bias
menilai kemungkinan berdasar kemiripan dgn stereotype kejadian
52
anchoring and adjustment bias
decision dipengaruhi rasa hormat thdp nilai sblmnya
53
confirmation error
menyadari , menerima, mencari informasi yg mengkonfirmasi dgn decision yg dibuat
54
escalating commitment
decision utk meningkatkan effort
55
big c creativity
hal luar biasa dilakukan oleh org luar biasa
56
little c creativity
org biasa mampu menghadirkan cara unik
57
design thinking
membuka creativity dlm decision making melalui proses pengalaman, ideation, prototyping
58
personal creativity drivers
motivation,skill,expertise
59
situational creativity drivers
team creativity skill, management support, organizational culture

IBM (5 decks)

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