CH 8 Flashcards
(30 cards)
What is the ISO’s definition of quality?
The degree to which a set of inherent characteristics fulfills requirements.
What are two key definitions of quality?
Conformance to requirements and fitness for use.
What is Project Quality Management (PQM)?
The processes required to ensure that the project satisfies the needs for which it was undertaken.
What are the three main PQM processes?
Quality Planning, Quality Assurance, and Quality Control.
What is the goal of Quality Planning?
Identifying quality requirements and documenting how to meet them.
What does Quality Assurance focus on?
Evaluating project performance to ensure standards are met (defect prevention).
What is the purpose of Quality Control?
Monitoring project results to ensure compliance with quality standards (defect detection).
What is a metric in quality management?
A standard of measurement like failure rates or customer satisfaction.
Name a key modern approach in quality planning.
Preventing defects through good materials, training, and process planning.
What is benchmarking?
Comparing project practices to others to generate quality improvement ideas.
What is a quality audit?
A structured review of quality activities to identify lessons learned.
What are the three main outcomes of Quality Control?
Acceptance decisions, rework, and process adjustments.
What is rework in quality control?
Actions taken to bring rejected items into compliance with requirements.
Who is ultimately responsible for project quality?
The project manager.
Name two organizations helpful in understanding quality standards.
ISO and IEEE.
Name the Seven Basic Tools of Quality.
Cause-and-Effect Diagram, Control Chart, Checksheet, Scatter Diagram, Histogram, Pareto Chart, Flowchart.
What is another name for a Cause-and-Effect Diagram?
Fishbone or Ishikawa diagram.
What is the ‘5 Whys’ technique used for?
Digging deeper into the root cause of a problem.
What is a Control Chart?
A graphic display of data showing process performance over time.
What does it mean when a process is ‘in control’?
Variations are due to random events and require no adjustment.
What is a checksheet used for?
Collecting and analyzing data manually.
What does a Scatter Diagram show?
The relationship between two variables.
What does a Histogram represent?
A bar graph showing the distribution of variables.
What is a Pareto Chart used for?
Identifying and prioritizing problem areas (80/20 rule).
