Ch 8 Vocabulary 2410

Question 1

What is a Trait?

Answer 1

A consistent and enduring characteristic that influences behavior across various situations.

Traits are often used to predict how individuals may behave in different contexts.

Question 2

Define Conscientiousness in the context of the Big Five personality traits.

Answer 2

A Big Five trait associated with being organized, responsible, and dependable, reflecting self-discipline and goal-oriented behavior.

Conscientiousness is linked to successful outcomes in various life domains.

Question 3

What does Neuroticism refer to?

Answer 3

A Big Five personality trait associated with emotional instability, anxiety, and moodiness.

Individuals high in neuroticism may experience more frequent mood swings.

Question 4

What characterizes Openness to Experience?

Answer 4

A Big Five trait characterized by imagination, creativity, and a willingness to explore new ideas and experiences.

High openness is often linked to artistic interests and adventurousness.

Question 5

What are the Big Five Personality Traits?

Answer 5

The five broad dimensions of personality:
* Openness
* Conscientiousness
* Extraversion
* Agreeableness
* Neuroticism

These traits are used to describe personality differences among individuals.

Question 6

What are Secondary Traits?

Answer 6

Traits that are situational or less consistent, influencing behavior in specific circumstances.

Unlike central traits, secondary traits may not be evident in all situations.

Question 7

Define Surface Traits.

Answer 7

Observable traits that are derived from combinations of more fundamental, underlying source traits, as described by Raymond Cattell.

Surface traits can be seen in an individual’s behavior.

Question 8

What are Source Traits?

Answer 8

The foundational traits that underlie surface traits, identified through factor analysis, according to Cattell.

Source traits are considered more stable and consistent than surface traits.

Question 9

What are Central Traits?

Answer 9

Traits that are less dominant than cardinal traits but are still significant and frequently observed in a person’s behavior.

Central traits can help define a person’s identity.

Question 10

What are Cardinal Traits?

Answer 10

Gordon Allport’s concept of dominant traits that strongly define an individual’s personality and guide most of their behaviors.

Cardinal traits are rare and often serve as the primary motivators of behavior.