CH 9

Question 1

Overall reaction for cellular respiration

Answer 1

C6H12O6 + 6 O2 → 6 CO2 + 6 H2O + Energy (ATP)

Question 2

Type of process cellular respiration is

Answer 2

Catabolic; breaks down glucose to make ATP

Question 3

Major electron carrier molecules

Answer 3

NAD+, FAD, NADP+

Question 4

How many electrons NAD+ carries

Answer 4

2 electrons → NADH

Question 5

How many electrons NADP+ carries

Answer 5

2 electrons → NADPH

Question 6

How many electrons FAD carries

Answer 6

4 electrons → FADH2

Question 7

Location of glycolysis

Answer 7

Cytosol

Question 8

Location of Krebs (TCA) cycle

Answer 8

Mitochondrial matrix

Question 9

Location of oxidative phosphorylation

Answer 9

Inner mitochondrial membrane

Question 10

Is glycolysis aerobic or anaerobic?

Answer 10

Anaerobic

Question 11

Is the Krebs cycle aerobic or anaerobic?

Answer 11

Aerobic

Question 12

Is oxidative phosphorylation aerobic or anaerobic?

Answer 12

Aerobic

Question 13

Is fermentation aerobic or anaerobic?

Answer 13

Anaerobic

Question 14

Net inputs of glycolysis

Answer 14

Glucose, 2 ADP, 2 NAD+

Question 15

Net outputs of glycolysis

Answer 15

2 pyruvate, 2 ATP (net), 2 NADH

Question 16

What must happen before pyruvate enters Krebs?

Answer 16

Converted to acetyl-CoA inside mitochondria; attaches to coenzyme A

Question 17

Net inputs of Krebs cycle (per glucose)

Answer 17

2 acetyl-CoA, NAD+, FAD, ADP

Question 18

Net outputs of Krebs cycle (per glucose)

Answer 18

6 NADH, 2 FADH2, 2 ATP, 4 CO2

Question 19

Complex NADH donates electrons to

Answer 19

Complex I

Question 20

Complex FADH2 donates electrons to

Answer 20

Complex II

Question 21

Types of electron carriers in ETC

Answer 21

Flavoproteins (FMN), Ubiquinone (CoQ), Metal-containing proteins (Cu/Fe/S), Cytochromes

Question 22

Final electron acceptor in aerobic respiration

Answer 22

Oxygen → forms H2O

Question 23

Define chemiosmosis

Answer 23

Using H+ gradient to drive ATP synthesis

Question 24

How ATP synthase works

Answer 24

H+ flows through ATP synthase → rotor spins → ADP + Pi → ATP

Question 25

ATP produced by aerobic respiration

Answer 25

>30 ATP per glucose

Question 26

ATP produced by anaerobic fermentation

Answer 26

4-28 atp

Question 27

What fermentation is

Answer 27

Incomplete oxidation; regenerates NAD+ so glycolysis can continue

Question 28

Products of fermentation

Answer 28

Acids or alcohols + CO2

Question 29

How fermentation connects to glycolysis

Answer 29

Regenerates NAD+ for glycolysis

Question 30

Define acidic fermentation

Answer 30

Fermentation producing organic acids (e.g., lactic acid)

Question 31

Define homolactic fermentation

Answer 31

Pyruvate → lactic acid only

Question 32

Define alcoholic fermentation

Answer 32

Pyruvate → ethanol + CO2

Question 33

Organisms that do alcoholic fermentation

Answer 33

Yeast

Question 34

How lipids provide energy

Answer 34

Glycerol + fatty acids enter glycolysis/Krebs

Question 35

How proteins provide energy

Answer 35

Amino acids deaminated → enter Krebs