Ch. 9 Muscle and Muscle Tissue Flashcards Preview

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Flashcards in Ch. 9 Muscle and Muscle Tissue Deck (47)
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1
Q

What are the prefixes of muscle tissue?

A

myo-
mys-
sacro-

2
Q

What are the 3 types of muscle tissue?

A

Skeletal
Cardiac
Smooth

3
Q

These are voluntary muscles responsible for body mobility and that attach over the skeleton. They are the longest and appear striped (striated) under a microscope.

A

Skeletal muscle

4
Q

This is involuntary muscle only found in the heart. They are the heart walls and appear striated.

A

Cardiac

5
Q

This is an involuntary muscle found in all of the hollow visceral organs including vessels. They function to force substances through organs. They are not striated.

A

Smooth

6
Q

What are the functional characteristics of muscle tissue?

A
  1. Excitability- responsiveness
  2. Contractility- shorten forcibly
  3. Extensibility-extend or stretch
  4. Elasticity- muscle cell to recoil and resume resting length after stretching
7
Q

What are the functions of muscle tissue?

A
  1. Produce movement
  2. Maintain Posture and Body Position
  3. Generate Heat
  4. Stabilize Joints
8
Q

Each muscle is served by __ nerve, __ artery, and ___ or more veins.

A

1

9
Q

This controls the activity of the skeletal muscle.

A

Nerves

10
Q

This supplies the oxygen and nutrients to skeletal muscle.

A

Artery

11
Q

This surrounds the skeletal muscles.

A

Connective tissue

12
Q

This is a fine sheath surrounding each skeletal muscle fiber. Wrapped around every single muscle fiber.

A

Endomysium

13
Q

This is muscle fibers grouped into fascicles that are wrapped by fibrous connective tissue. Surrounds groups of muscle fibers. All running in the same direction.

A

Perimysium

14
Q

This is dense irregular connective tissue surrounding whole, all of muscle. Tough.

A

Epismysium

15
Q

Muscles attachment to immovable or less moveable bone

A

origin

16
Q

Muscles attachment to moveable bone.

A

Insertion

17
Q

Epimysium is fused directly to the periosteum of a bone or the perichondrium of a cartilage.

A

Direct attachment.

18
Q

Epimysium fuses rope-like tendon or sheet like aponeurosis which anchor the muscle to the skeleton.

A

Indirect attachement

19
Q

Each fiber s a long, cyndrilical cell with multiple nuclei just underneath the ____.

A

Sarcolemma

20
Q

What is sarcolemma?

A

Muscle cell plasma membrane

21
Q

This contains large amounts of glycosomes and myoglobins also contains myofibrils, sarcoplasmic reticulum, and T tubules.

A

Sarcoplasm

22
Q

Each muscle fiber contains many long, rod like structures called____?

A

Myofibrils

23
Q

Myofibrils contain the ____.

A

Contractile parts of a muscle fiber

24
Q

Dark A bands and light I bands are ___?

A

Striations

25
Q

How are striations divided?

A

Each A band has a lighter stripe in the middle called an H band.
Each H zone is divided into a darker line called M line.
Each I band is divided in the middle by a darker line called M line.
Each I band is divided in the middle by a darker stripe called the Z disc.

26
Q

Light bands are called ___ bands.

A

I

27
Q

Dark bands are called ___ bands.

A

A

28
Q

A is not uniformly dark but has a ____ in the middle.

A

light line ( H zone)

29
Q

This is a region of a myofibril between 2 Z discs and is the functional unit of a muscle fiber.

A

Sarcomere

30
Q

Lines and bands are formed from molecules called _____.

A

Myofilaments or filaments

31
Q

___ filaments that extend the entire length of band A.

A

Thick

32
Q

____ filaments extend the length of I band and part of A band.

A

Thin

33
Q

Thick filaments are composed of?

A

Protein myosin

34
Q

Thin filaments are composed of?

A

Protein actin.

35
Q

This has a long tail, hinge and 2 heads. The heads bind thick filaments to thin filaments.

A

Myosin

36
Q

Actin has 2 components.

A
  1. Tropomyosin

2. Troponin

37
Q

This is a thin wire like protein to help stiffen actin.

A

Tropomyosin

38
Q

This controls actin myosin interaction.

A

Troponin

39
Q

This is composed of thin very long protein called titin?

A

Elastic filaments

40
Q

This holds thick filaments in place and allows muscle fibers to spring back to original shape.

A

Titin

41
Q

This holds thick filaments in place and allows muscle fibers to spring back to original shape.

A

Titin

42
Q

This regulates intracellular levels of calcium. Big storehouse of calcium.

A

Sarcoplasmic reticulum

43
Q

Without calcium muscle fibers cannot what?

A

Contract

44
Q

These are large perpendicular channels at A band-I band junctions. HOlds calcium and sits where red and blue thick and thin filaments overlap.There is always 2- one on either side of a tube.

A

terminal cisternae

45
Q

These are tubes of sarcolemma at the terminal cisternae, without them muscle will not contract.

A

T-tubules

46
Q

2 terminals and a t tube are called.

A

Triad.

47
Q

What happens during contraction?

A

The myosin heads of the thick filament attach to the thin filaments and pull them toward the center. The sarcomere gets shorter.