Ch. 9 Spinal Cord & Meninges

Question 1

An area of cell bodies within the CNS containing enlargements known as the dorsal horns and ventral horns

Answer 1

Gray matter of the spinal cord.

Question 2

An area of fibers (mainly axons) within the CNS, divided into posterior, lateral and anterior funiculi

Answer 2

White matter of the spinal cord

Question 3

Columns of nerve bundles containing tracts that course up and down, to and from the brain. Includes tracts like the corticospinal tract for voluntary movement.

Answer 3

Funiculi

Question 4

Which funicular tract is use for voluntary movement?

Answer 4

corticospinal tract

Question 5

Arises from the dorsal surface of the spinal cord. Contains only sensory neurons.

Answer 5

Dorsal root

Question 6

An enlarged portion of the dorsal root. Contains cell bodies of sensory neurons

Answer 6

Dorsal root ganglion

Question 7

An area of cell bodies outside of the CNS

Answer 7

Ganglion

Question 8

Arises from the ventral surface of the spinal cord. Contains axons of motor neurons only

Answer 8

Ventral root

Question 9

Ventral root joins with dorsal root to form this. Divides ventral and dorsal rami

Answer 9

Spinal nerve

Question 10

The larger ramus supplying the entire anterior trunk, as well as appendages. Contains both sensory and motor neurons.

Answer 10

Ventral ramus

Question 11

Which parts of the body are supplied by the ventral ramus

Answer 11

Anterior trunk and appendages.

Question 12

The smaller ramus supplying structures of the back. Contains both sensory and motor neurons

Answer 12

Dorsal ramus

Question 13

Which parts of the body are supplied by the dorsal ramus?

Answer 13

Back

Question 14

The cell body is in the dorsal root ganglion.

Answer 14

Sensory neuron

Question 15

Another name for sensory neuron

Answer 15

Affarent neuron (SAME)

Question 16

Majority of neurons in the body are …

Answer 16

Interneurons

Question 17

The cell body is in the gray matter of the spinal cord, its axon passing through the white matter into the ventral root.

Answer 17

Motor neuron

Question 18

Another name for motor neuron

Answer 18

Efferent neuron (SAME)

Question 19

Long cylindrical mass of nervous tissue that occupies the upper two thirds of the vertebral canal.

Answer 19

Spinal cord

Question 20

Extension of the spinal cord

Answer 20

Connected to brain superiorly, where it is continuous with the medulla oblongata. Extends inferiorly to LV2

Question 21

Lower end of spinal cord, conus shape

Answer 21

Conus medullaris

Question 22

Spinal cord enlargements are located in the ___ and ___ regions, where the cell bodies of the neurons for upper limb and lower limb

Answer 22

Cervical and lumbar

Question 23

Enlargement located from C5 to T1 spinal segments

Answer 23

cervical enlargement

Question 24

Enlargement located from L1 to S3 of spinal segments

Answer 24

Lumbosacral enlargement

Question 25

Cauda equine starts below the vertebral level of __

Answer 25

LV2

Question 26

Cauda equina is composed of

Answer 26

1. long roots of the lower spinal nerves | 2. filum terminale

Question 27

Why is the level of attachment of the spinal root to the cord higher than the level of emergence of the spinal nerve?

Answer 27

Difference in length between spinal cord and vertebral canal

Question 28

of pairs of spinal nerves

Answer 28

31

Question 29

The first pair of spinal nerves (C1) emerges between the __ and the __

Answer 29

atlas and the skull

Question 30

The C2 to the C7 nerves emerge ___ the correspondingly numbered vertebrae

Answer 30

above

Question 31

C8 spinal nerve pair emerges ____ C7

Answer 31

Below

Question 32

Spinal nerves T1-Cx1 emerge ___ the correspondingly numbered vertebrae

Answer 32

Below

Question 33

of spinal n. pairs in the cervical region

Answer 33

8 (c1-c8)

Question 34

of spinal n pairs in the thoracic region

Answer 34

12 (t1-t12)

Question 35

of spinal n pairs in the lumbar region

Answer 35

5 (l1-l5)

Question 36

of spinal n pairs in the sacral region

Answer 36

5 (s1-s5)

Question 37

of spinal nerve pairs in the coccygeal region

Answer 37

1 (cx1)

Question 38

Arteries supplying the spinal cord

Answer 38

1 anterior spinal artery and | 2 posterior spinal arteries

Question 39

Connective tussles surrounding and protecting the spinal cord and brain

Answer 39

Meninges

Question 40

From external to internal, the meninges consist of ___

Answer 40

Dura mater Arachnoid mater Pia mater

Question 41

Outermost meninx. Comprised of dense, tough, fibrous connective tissue

Answer 41

Dura mater

Question 42

Extension of the dura of the spinal cord

Answer 42

From the foramen magnum, where it is continuous with the dura of the brain, down to the dural sac at SV2 and further to its inferior attachment to the coccyx called the filum of the dura

Question 43

Inferior attachment of the dura to the coccyx

Answer 43

Filum of the dura

Question 44

Space external to the spinal dura mater

Answer 44

epidural space

Question 45

Epidural space contains: (maize and blue!)

Answer 45

Adipose tissue in the form of globules of fat | Vertebral venous plexus

Question 46

Clinical reference for the vertebral venous plexus

Answer 46

Batson's veins

Question 47

Connects superiorly with the dural sinuses of the cranial cavity

Answer 47

vertebral venus plexus | Batson's veins

Question 48

Batson's veins communicate with veins external to the vertebrae via ___

Answer 48

intervertebral veins.

Question 49

What happens if an intervertebral vein becomes dislocated?

Answer 49

Because of proximity, it can compress a spinal nerve,

Question 50

Intermediate meninx

Answer 50

Arachnoid mater

Question 51

Delicate, loose, netlike membrane

Answer 51

Arachnoid mater

Question 52

Extension of the arachnoid mater

Answer 52

Surrounds the brain, extends through the foramen magnum through the vertebral column to S2.

Question 53

Separates the arachnoid mater from the Pia mater, containing CSF

Answer 53

subarachnoid space

Question 54

Innermost layer of the meninges

Answer 54

pia mater

Question 55

delicate connective tissue that adheres to the surface of the brain and spinal cord

Answer 55

pia mater

Question 56

Extension of the Pia mater

Answer 56

from the foramen magnum, where it is continuous with the cerebral Pia mater inferiorly through the vertebral column to the end of the spinal cord, the conus medullaris, and further as an inferior extension.

Question 57

Extension of the Pia mater - forms a series of toothlike lateral extensions of the Pia from the lateral surface of the spinal cord.

Answer 57

Denticulate ligament.

Question 58

Where do the denticulate ligaments attach?

Answer 58

Intervals along the internal surface of dura and arachnoid of the cord.

Question 59

Separates the ventral roots of the spinal nerves from dorsal roots

Answer 59

denticulate ligament

Question 60

Single inferior extension of Pia mater is, found from the conus medullaris inferiorly through the vertebral embedded within the roots of the caudal equina.

Answer 60

filum terminale

Question 61

Attaches inferiorly at the coccy

Answer 61

filum terminale