CH.10 PLANTS

Question 1

Which of the following parts of the plant embryo matures into the leaves of the plant?

[‘Radicle’, ‘Hypocotyl’, ‘Plumule’, ‘Cotyledon’]

Answer 1

Plumule

Question 2

What type of meristem is responsible for promoting vertical plant growth?’

Lateral meristem
Apical meristem
Horizontal meristem
Secondary Meristem
Downward Meristem

Answer 2

Apical meristem

Question 3

Which zone of the root is primarily responsible for absorption of water?
[‘Zone of elongation’, ‘Zone of cell division’, ‘Zone of maturation’, ‘Apical meristem’]

Answer 3

Zone of maturation

Question 4

Which plant tissue system is primarily responsible for water transport from roots to leaves / throughout the plant?
‘Ground tissue’, ‘Dermal tissue’, ‘Phloem’, ‘Xylem’]

Answer 4

Xylem

Question 5

Which of the following is true about secondary growth in plants?
[‘Occurs in both herbaceous and woody plants’, ‘Increases plant length’, ‘Involves lateral meristems such as vascular cambium’, ‘Is responsible for root hair formation’]

Answer 5

Involves lateral meristems such as vascular cambium

Question 6

Which ground tissue cell type provides the most structural support due to its thick cell walls?
[‘Parenchyma’, ‘Collenchyma’, ‘Sclerenchyma’, ‘Epidermis’]

Answer 6

Sclerenchyma

Question 7

What prevents the backflow of water in the root and forces it through the selective membranes of endodermal cells?
[‘Cuticle’, ‘Root hairs’, ‘Casparian strip’, ‘Phloem’]

Answer 7

Casparian strip

Question 8

In leaf anatomy, where does most photosynthesis occur?
[‘Upper epidermis’, ‘Spongy mesophyll’, ‘Palisade mesophyll’, ‘Lower epidermis’]

Answer 8

Palisade mesophyll

Question 9

What triggers the stomata to close during high temperatures?
[‘Low oxygen levels’, ‘Low CO₂ levels’, ‘High transpiration rates’, ‘High sugar concentration’]

Answer 9

High transpiration rates

Question 10

Which structure of a flower develops into a seed after fertilization?
[‘Ovule’, ‘Ovary’, ‘Stigma’, ‘Anther’]

Answer 10

Ovule

Question 11

What is double fertilization in angiosperms?
[‘Fusion of two ovules with one sperm’, ‘One sperm fertilizes the egg; another fuses with polar nuclei to form endosperm’, ‘Fusion of two pollen grains with one ovule’, ‘Two sperm fertilize two separate eggs’]

Answer 11

One sperm fertilizes the egg; another fuses with polar nuclei to form endosperm

Question 12

What structure guides the sperm cells to the ovule in flowering plants?
[‘Style’, ‘Ovary’, ‘Pollen tube’, ‘Embryo sac’]

Answer 12

Pollen tube

Question 13

According to the pressure-flow hypothesis, sugar moves from:
[‘Root to leaf’, ‘Leaf to stem’, ‘Source to sink’, ‘Sink to source’]

Answer 13

Source to sink

Question 14

What plant hormone is responsible for fruits to become well developed in order to be consumed?

[‘Auxin’, ‘Cytokinin’, ‘Gibberellin’, ‘Ethylene’]

Answer 14

Ethylene

Question 15

Which hormone promotes seed dormancy and closes stomata during stress?
[‘Auxin’, ‘Abscisic Acid’, ‘Gibberellin’, ‘Cytokinin’]

Answer 15

Abscisic Acid

Question 16

Which plant hormone is most involved in phototropism and stem elongation?
[‘Auxin’, ‘Cytokinin’, ‘Ethylene’, ‘Abscisic Acid’]

Answer 16

Auxin

Question 17

What process describes the movement of water due to attraction between water molecules?
[‘Root pressure’, ‘Transpiration’, ‘Cohesion’, ‘Osmosis’]

Answer 17

Cohesion

Question 18

What are the two alternating generations in the plant life cycle?
[‘Sporangia and zygote’, ‘Gametophyte and sporophyte’, ‘Embryo and seedling’, ‘Anther and ovary’]

Answer 18

Gametophyte and sporophyte

Question 19

In heterosporous plants, what does the microspore develop into?
[‘Egg’, ‘Zygote’, ‘Male gametophyte’, ‘Female gametophyte’]

Answer 19

Male gametophyte

Question 20

What is the function of the endosperm formed during double fertilization?
[‘Protect the embryo’, ‘Form the seed coat’, ‘Provide nutrients to the developing embryo’, ‘Stimulate fruit ripening’]

Answer 20

Provide nutrients to the developing embryo

Question 21

Which of the following plant groups has a dominant gametophyte generation and lacks vascular tissue?
[‘Pteridophytes’, ‘Gymnosperms’, ‘Angiosperms’, ‘Bryophytes’]

Answer 21

Bryophytes

Question 22

Which group of plants produces naked seeds but does not produce flowers or fruits?
[‘Pteridophytes’, ‘Bryophytes’, ‘Angiosperms’, ‘Gymnosperms’]

Answer 22

Gymnosperms

Question 23

What is a key characteristic of monocots that distinguishes them from dicots?
[‘Two cotyledons’, ‘Vascular bundles arranged in a ring’, ‘Parallel leaf venation’, ‘Floral parts in multiples of 4 or 5’]

Answer 23

Parallel leaf venation

Question 24

Which type of plant has both male and female flowers on the same plant but in separate flowers?
[‘Dioecious’, ‘Monoecious’, ‘Hermaphroditic’, ‘Androecious’]

Answer 24

Monoecious

Question 25

What is the main function of nitrogen-fixing bacteria in the nitrogen cycle? ['Convert nitrates into nitrogen gas', 'Convert ammonium into nitrates', 'Convert free nitrogen into ammonium', 'Convert nitrites into nitrates']

Answer 25

Convert free nitrogen into ammonium

Question 26

Which type of plant completes its life cycle in two years? ['Annuals', 'Biennials', 'Perennials', 'Ephemerals']

Answer 26

Biennials

Question 27

What type of plant vascular structure is found in dicots but not monocots? ['Parallel venation', 'Scattered vascular bundles', 'Vascular bundles organized in a ring', 'Thin leaves']

Answer 27

Vascular bundles organized in a ring

Question 28

What term describes female angiosperms that produce only ovules but no pollen? ['Monoecious', 'Gynoecious', 'Androecious', 'Dioecious']

Answer 28

Gynoecious

Question 29

Which of the following is true of Angiosperms but not Gymnosperms? ['Have vascular tissue', 'Produce seeds', 'Undergo double fertilization', 'Produce pollen']

Answer 29

Undergo double fertilization

Question 30

Which process in the nitrogen cycle is carried out by nitrifying bacteria? ['Converting nitrates to nitrogen gas', 'Converting nitrogen gas to ammonium', 'Converting ammonium to nitrites and nitrates', 'Converting ammonia to nitrogen gas']

Answer 30

Converting ammonium to nitrites and nitrates

Question 31

What type of ground tissue has irregular thick cell walls and its function is to support the growing parts of a plant? A. Parenchyma B. Sclerenchyma C. Collenchyma

Answer 31

C. Collenchyma

Question 32

Movement of water outside of the cell is known as? Plasmodesmata Apoplastic Pathway Symplastic Pathway

Answer 32

Apoplastic Pathway

Question 33

Which of the following terms describes the male reproductive organ of a flower? Pistil Stamen Petals Style Stigma

Answer 33

Stamen

Question 34

What part of the plant development involves the elongation and growth of cells? Zone of cell division Zone of maturation Zone of elongation Zone of dividing

Answer 34

Zone of elongation

Question 35

Which of the following types of plant tissues provides the plant with protection? Dermal Tissue Vascular Tissue Ground Tissue

Answer 35

Dermal Tissue

Question 36

Which of the following statements is/are true regarding phototropism? Growth of a plant towards light Growth of a plant in response to gravity Growth of a plant away from light Growth of a plant in response to stimulus

Answer 36

Growth of a plant towards light