Ch13: lymphatic system Flashcards by Matt Tan

acquired active immunity

resistance to a disease acquired naturally or developed by previous exposure or vaccination

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acquired passive immunity

inoculation against disease or poison, using antitoxins or antibodies from or in another person or another species

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antibody

specialized protein that fights disease; also called immunoglobulin

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antigen

any substance that can provoke an immune response

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antitoxin

antibodies directed against a particular disease or poison

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B lymphocytes, B cells

a kind of lymphocyte that manufactures antibodies

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cell-mediated immunity

resistance to disease mediated by T cells

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cytotoxic

T cell that helps in destruction of infected cells throughout the body

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gamma globulin

antibodies given to prevent or lessen certain diseases

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helper cell

T cell that stimulates the immune response

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humoral immunity

resistance to disease provided by plasma cells and antibody production

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immunity

resistance to particular pathogens

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immunization

vaccination

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immunoglobulin

antibody

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interferon

protein produced by T cells and other cells; destroys disease-causing cells with its antiviral properties

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lymph

fluid that contains white blood cells and other substances and flows in the lymphatic vessels

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lymph node

specialized organ that filters harmful substances from the tissues and assists in the immune response

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lymphocytes

white blood cells made in the bone marrow that are critical to the body’s defense against disease and infection

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macrophage

special cell that devours foreign substances

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microphage

small phagocytic cell that devours foreign substances

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natural immunity

inherent resistance to disease found in a species, race, family group, or certain individuals

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pathogen

disease-causing agent

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phagocytosis

ingestion of foreign substances by specialized cells

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plasma cell

specialized lymphocyte that produces immunoglobulins

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spleen

organ of lymph system that filters and stores blood, removes old RBCs, and activates lymphocytes

suppressor cell

T cell that suppresses B cells and other immune cells

T cells

specialized WBCs that receive markers in the thymus, are responsible for cellular immunity, and assist with humoral immunity

thymosin

hormone secreted by the thymus gland that aids in distribution of thymocytes and lymphocytes

thymus gland

soft gland with 2 lobes that is involved in immune responses; located in mediastinum

T lymphocytes

T cells

vaccination

injection of an antigen from a different organism to cause active immunity

vaccine

antigen developed from a different organism that causes active immunity in the recipient

acquired immunodeficiency syndrome

AIDS

most widespread immunosuppressive disease; caused by the HIV virus

allergen

substance to which exposure causes an allergic response

allergy

production of IgE antibodies against an allergen

anaphylaxis

life-threatening allergic reaction

autoimmune disease

any of a number of diseases, such as rheumatoid arthritis, lupus, and scleroderma, caused by an autoimmune response

autoimmune response

overactivity in the immune system against the body, causing destruction of one's own healthy cells

histiocytic lymphoma

lymphoma with malignant cells that resemble histiocytes

Hodgkin's lymphoma, Hodgkin's disease

type of lymph cancer of uncertain origin that generally appears in early adulthood

human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)

virus that causes AIDS; spread by sexual contact, exchange of body fluids, and shared use of needles

hypersensitivity

abnormal reaction to an allergen

hypersplenism

overactive spleen

immunosuppressive disease

disease that flourishes because of lowered immune response

infectious mononucleosis

acute infectious disease caused by the Epstein-Barr virus

lymphadenopathy

swollen lymph nodes

lymphocytic lymphoma

lymphoma with malignant cells that resemble large lymphocytes

lymphoma

cancer of the lymph nodes

metastasis

spread of a cancer from a localized area

non-Hodgkin's lymphoma

cancer of the lymph nodes with some cells resembling healthy cells and spreading in a diffuse pattern

opportunistic infection

infection that takes hold because of lowered immune response

retrovirus

type of virus that spreads by using that body's DNA to help it replicate its RNA

sarcoidosis

inflammatory condition with lesions of the lymph nodes and other organs

splenomegaly

enlarged spleen

thymoma

tumor of the thymus gland

lymphadenectomy

removal of a lymph node

lymphadenotomy

incision into a lymph node

lymph node dissection

removal of a cancerous node for microscopic examination

splenectomy

removal of the spleen

thymectomy

removal of the thymus gland

enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (EIA, ELISA)

test used to screen blood for the presence of antibodies to different viruses or bacteria

Western blot

test primarily used to check for antibodies to HIV in serum