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med term: second half > Ch16: sensory system > Flashcards

Ch16: sensory system Flashcards

(134 cards)

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1
Q

auditory ossicles

A

3 specially shaped bones in the middle ear that anchor the eardrum to the tympanic cavity and that transmit vibrations to the inner ear

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2
Q

auricle

A

funnel-like structure leading from the external ear to the external auditory meatus; also called pinna

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3
Q

choroid

A

thin posterior membrane in the middle layer of the eye

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4
Q

ciliary body

A

thick anterior membrane in the middle layer of the eye

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5
Q

cochlea

A

snail-shaped structure in the inner ear that contains the organ of Corti

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6
Q

cones

A

specialized receptor cells in the retina that perceive color and bright light

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7
Q

conjunctiva (pl., conjunctivae)

A

mucous membrane lining the eyelid

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8
Q

cornea

A

transparent anterior section of the eyeball that bends light in a process called refraction

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9
Q

decibel

A

measure of the intensity of sound

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10
Q

ear

A

organ of hearing

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11
Q

eardrum

A

oval, semitransparent membrane that moves in response to sound waves and produces vibrations

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12
Q

endolymph

A

fluid inside the membranous labyrinth

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13
Q

equilibrium

A

sense of balance

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14
Q

eustachian

A

tube that connects the middle ear to the pharynx

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15
Q

eye

A

organ of sight

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16
Q

eyerbrow

A

clump of hair, usually about a half an inch above the eye, that helps to keep foreign particles from entering the eye

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17
Q

eyelashes

A

group of hair protruding from the eye of the eyelid; helps to keep foreign particles from entering the eye

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18
Q

fovea centralis

A

depression in the center of the macula lutea; perceives sharpest images

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19
Q

eyelid

A

moveable covering over the eye

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20
Q

hearing

A

ability to perceive sound

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21
Q

incus

A

one of the 3 auditory ossicles; the anvil

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22
Q

iris

A

colored part of the eye; contains muscles that expand and contract in response to light

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23
Q

lacrimal glands

A

glands that secrete liquid to moisten the eyes and produce tears

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24
Q

lens

A

colorless, flexible transparent body behind the iris

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25
macula
inner ear structure containing hairlike sensors that move to maintain equilibrium
26
macula lutea
small, yellowish area located in the center of the retina, which has a depression called the fovea centralis
27
malleus
one of the 3 auditory ossicles; the hammer
28
membranous labyrinth
one of the 2 tubes that make up the semicircular canals
29
neuroretina
thick layer of nervous tissue in the retina
30
olfactory organs
organs at the top of the nasal cavity containing olfactory receptors
31
optic nerve
nerve that transmits nerve impulses from the eye to the brain
32
organ of Corti
structure on the basilar membrane with hairlike receptors that receive and transmit sounds waves
33
osseus labyrinth
one of the 2 tubes that make up the semicircular canals
34
otoliths
small calcifications in the inner ear that help to maintain balance
35
papillae
small, raised structures that contain the taste buds
36
perilymph
liquid secreted by the walls of the osseus labyrinth
37
pinna
auricle
38
pupil
black circular center of the eye; opens and closes when muscles in the iris expand and contract in response to light
39
refraction
process of bending light rays
40
retina
oval, light-sensitive membrane in the interior layer of the eye; decodes light waves and transmits information to the brain
41
rods
specialized receptor cells in the retina that perceive black to white shades
42
sclera (pl., sclerae)
thick, tough membrane in the outer eye layer; supports eyeball structure
43
semicircular canals
structures in the inner ear important to equilibrium
44
sensory receptors
specialized tissue containing cells that can receive stimuli
45
sensory system
organs or tissue that perceive and receive stimuli from outside or within the body
46
sight
ability to see
47
smell
ability to perceive odors
48
stapes (pl., stapedes)
one of the 3 auditory ossicles; the stirrup
49
taste
ability to perceive the qualities of ingested matter
50
taste buds
organs that sense the taste of food
51
taste cells
specialized receptor cells within the taste buds
52
tears
moisture secreted from the lacrimal glands
53
touch
ability to perceive sensation on the skin
54
tympanic membrane
eardrum
55
uvea
region of the eye containing the iris, choroid membrane, and ciliary bodies
56
vestibule
bony chamber between the semicircular canal and the cochlea
57
aerotitis media
inflammation of the middle ear caused by air pressure changes, as in air travel
58
anacusis
loss of hearing
59
aphakia
absence of a lens
60
asthenopia
weakness of the ocular or ciliary muscles that causes the eyes to tire easily
61
astigmatism
distortion of sight because of lack of focus of light rays at one point on the retina
62
blepharitis
inflammation of the eyelid
63
blepharochalasis
loss of elasticity of the eyelid
64
blepharoptosis
drooping of the eyelid
65
blepharospasm
involuntary eyelid movement; excessive blinking
66
blindness
loss of absence of vision
67
cataract
cloudiness of the lens of the eye
68
chalazion
nodular inflammation that usually forms on the eyelid
69
cholesteatoma
fatty cyst within the middle ear
70
conjunctivitis
inflammation of the conjunctiva of the eyelid
71
contact lenses
corrective lenses worn on the surface of the eye
72
dacryoadenitis
inflammation of the lacrimal glands
73
dacryocystitis
inflammation of a tear duct
74
deafness
loss or absence of hearing
75
dermatochalasis
loss of elasticity of the eyelid
76
diplopia
double vision
77
epiphora
excessive tearing
78
esotropia
deviation of one eye inward
79
exophthalmos, exophthalmus
abnormal protusion of the eyeballs
80
exotropia
deviation of one eye outward
81
eyestrain
asthenopia
82
farsightedness
hyperopia
83
glaucoma
any of various diseases caused by abnormally high eye pressure
84
hordeolum
infection of a sebaceous gland of the eyelid; sty
85
hyperopia
focusing behind the retina causing vision distortion; farsightedness
86
iritis
inflammation of the iris
87
keratitis
inflammation of the cornea
88
labyrinthitis
inflammation of the labyrinth
89
lacrimation
secretion of tears, usually excessively
90
macular degeneration
gradual loss of vision caused by degeneration of tissue in the macula
91
mastoiditis
inflammation of the mastoid process
92
Meniere's disease
elevated pressure within the cochlea
93
myopia
focusing in front of the retina causing vision distortion; nearsightedness
94
myringitis
inflammation of the eardrum
95
nearsightedness
myopia
96
nyctalopia
night blindness
97
nystagmus
excessive involuntary eyeball movement
98
otalgia
pain in the ear
99
otitis externa
fungal infection of the external ear canal
100
otitis media
inflammation of the middle ear
101
otorrhagia
bleeding from the ear
102
otorrhea
purulent discharge from the ear
103
otosclerosis
hardening of bones of the ear
104
paracusis
impaired hearing
105
photophobia
extreme sensitivity to light
106
pinkeye
conjunctivitis
107
presbyacusis
age-related hearing loss
108
presbyopia
age-related diminished ability to focus or accommodate
109
pseudophakia
eye with an implanted lens after cataract surgery
110
retinitis
inflammation of the retina
111
retinitis pigmentosa
progressive, inherited disease with a pigmented spot on the retina and poor night vision
112
scleritis
inflammation of the sclera
113
scotoma
blind spot in vision
114
strabismus
eye misalignment
115
sty, stye
hordeolum
116
tinnitus
constant ringing or buzzing in the ear
117
trichiasis
abnormal growth of eyelashes in a direction that causes them to rub on the eye
118
tympanitis
inflammation of the eardrum
119
vertigo
dizziness
120
miotic
agent that causes the pupil to contract
121
mydriatic
agent that causes the pupil to dilate
122
blepharoplasty
surgical repair of the eyelid
123
cryoretinopexy
fixing of a torn retina using extreme cold
124
dacryocystectomy
removal of a lacrimal sac
125
enucleation
removal of an eyeball
126
iridectomy
removal of part of the iris
127
iridotomy
incision into the iris to relieve pressure
128
keratoplasty
corneal transplant
129
myringotomy
insertion of a small tube to help drain fluid from the ears (particularly of children)
130
otoplasty
surgical repair of the outer ear
131
phacoemulsification
use of ultrasound to break up and remove cataracts
132
stapedectomy
removal of the stapes to cure otosclerosis
133
trabeculectomy
removal of part of the trabeculum to allow aqueous humor to flow freely around the eye
134
tympanoplasty
repair of an eardrum

med term: second half (15 decks)

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