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Medical Terminology 101 > Ch.4 Part 2 > Flashcards

Ch.4 Part 2 Flashcards

(90 cards)

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1
Q

Abduction

A

movement of a limb away from the midline of the body

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2
Q

adduction

A

movement of a limb toward the midline of the body

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3
Q

adhesion

A

bands of scar-like tissue that form between two surfaces inside the body and cause them to stick together

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4
Q

ataxia

A

lack of muscle control in voluntary movements

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5
Q

atonic

A

loss of normal muscle strength. Like atonic seizure

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6
Q

atrophy

A

Muscle atrophy is a decrease in muscle mass, often due to extended immobility

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7
Q

bradykinesia

A

slowness of movement, symptom of parkinsons

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8
Q

carpal tunnel syndrome

A

common condition that causes pain, numbness, and tingling in the hand and arm

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9
Q

chronic fatigue syndrome

A

complicated disorder characterized by extreme fatigue that lasts for at least six months and that can’t be fully explained by an underlying medical condition

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10
Q

circumduction

A

orderly combination of shoulder movements so that the hand traces a circle and the arm traces a cone

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11
Q

contracture

A

permanent shortening, producing deformity or distortion

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12
Q

dorsiflexion

A

backward bending and contracting of your hand or foot

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13
Q

dyskinesia

A

nvoluntary movement that you cannot control

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14
Q

dystonia

A

involuntary muscle contractions that cause slow repetitive movements or abnormal postures

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15
Q

EMG

A

Electromyography, measures the electrical activity within muscle fibers in response to nerve stimulation

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16
Q

epicondylitis

A

inflammation of the tissues surrounding his elbow

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17
Q

ergonomics

A

applied science concerned with designing and arranging things people use so that the people and things interact most efficiently and safely

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18
Q

exercise physiologist

A

specializes in physical medicine and rehabilitation

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19
Q

fasciitis

A

inflammation of a fascia

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20
Q

fibromyalgia

A

chronic disorder characterized by widespread musculoskeletal pain, fatigue, and tenderness in localized areas.

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21
Q

ganglion cyst

A

A noncancerous lump, often on the tendons or joints of wrists and hands

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22
Q

heel spur

A

A bony growth that develops around the heel bone, often caused by ill-fitting shoes, and sometimes causing pain.

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23
Q

hemiparesis

A

Muscle weakness or partial paralysis on one side of the body that can affect the arms, legs, and facial muscles

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24
Q

hemiplegia

A

condition, caused by a brain injury, that results in a varying degree of weakness, stiffness, another word for hemiparesis

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25
hernia
A bulging of an organ or tissue through an abnormal opening.
26
hyperkinesia
excessive movement and generally refers to a wide variety of abnormal involuntary movements or dyskinesias
27
hypotonia
abnormal low level of muscle tone
28
impingement syndrome
Shoulder pain caused by connective tissue (a tendon) rubbing on a shoulder blade.
29
insertion
the places where a muscle attaches on bones
30
intermittent claudication
pain you feel when your leg muscles don't get enough blood while you exercise
31
muscular dystrophy
group of diseases that cause progressive weakness and loss of muscle mass
32
myasthenia gravis
MG, chronic autoimmune disorder in which antibodies destroy the communication between nerves and muscle
33
myocele
Protrusion of muscle substance through a tear in its sheath
34
myoclonus
quick, involuntary muscle jerk, like hiccups
35
Myofascial release
manipulative treatment that attempts to release tension in the fascia due to trauma, posture, or inflammation
36
myolysis
procedure for treating uterine fibroids that involves coagulation (as by electric current) of blood vessels supplying the fibroid with subsequent shrinkage of the fibroid
37
myoparesis
slight muscle paralysis.
38
myorrhaphy
suture of a muscle
39
neuromuscular
Pertaining to both nerves and muscles
40
oblique
slanting angle
41
paraplegia
paralysis of the lower body
42
physiatrist
treat a wide variety of medical conditions affecting the brain, spinal cord, nerves, bones, joints, ligaments, muscles, and tendons
43
plantar fasciitis
inflammation of the fibrous tissue (plantar fascia) along the bottom of your foot that connects your heel bone to your toes.
44
polymyositis
an uncommon inflammatory disease that causes muscle weakness affecting both sides of your body
45
pronation
Rotation of the forearm and hand so that the palm is down
46
quadriplegia
refers to paralysis from the neck down, including the trunk, legs and arms
47
sarcopenia
loss of skeletal muscle mass and function, typically in older people
48
shin splint
Pain caused by overuse along the shinbone, the large front bone in the lower leg
49
singultus
Hiccups
50
sphincter
annular muscle surrounding and able to contract or close a bodily opening
51
sprain
stretching or tearing of ligaments
52
tenodesis
operation of suturing the end of a tendon to a bone
53
tenolysis
surgery to remove adhesions from a tendon
54
tenorrhaphy
surgical suture of the divided ends of a tendon
55
tenosynovitis
inflammation of the lining of the sheath that surrounds a tendon
56
tenotomy
surgical division of a tendon
57
torticollis
aka wryneck, is a twisting of the neck that causes the head to rotate and tilt at an odd angle.
58
transverse
parallel to the gound
59
DTR
Deep Tendon Reflexes are tested with a reflex hammer, its involuntary, and if it doesn't work there may be an issue with nerves in the area
60
ROM
Range-of-motion testing, evaluates joint mobility and muscle strength
61
antispasmodic
aka anticholinergic suppresses smooth muscle contractions of the stomach, intestine, or bladder.
62
skeletal muscle relaxant
relax certain muscles and to relieve the stiffness, pain, and discomfort caused by strains, sprains, or other muscle injuries
63
neuromuscular blocker
drug that causes temporary paralysis by blocking the transmission of nerve stimuli to the muscles
64
Myofascial release
specialized soft-tissue manipulation technique used to ease the pain of conditions such as fibromyalgia, myofascial pain syndrome, movement restrictions, temporomandibular joint (TMJ) disorders, and carpal tunnel syndrome
65
Occupational therapy (OT)
consists of activities to promote recovery and rehabilitation to assist patients in performing the activities of daily living
66
Physical therapy
treatment to prevent disability or restore function through the use of exercise, heat, massage, or other techniques
67
Therapeutic ultrasound
high-frequency sound waves to treat muscle injuries by generating heat deep within muscle tissue
68
Transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation
uses a device that delivers electrical impulses through the skin, which cause changes in muscles
69
Rice
Rest, Ice, Compression, and Elevation, first aid for muscle injuries
70
fasciotomy
surgical incision through the fascia to relieve tension or pressure
71
Fascioplasty
surgical repair of a fascia
72
tendinosis
surgical suturing of the end of a tendon to a bone
73
Tenolysis
release of a tendon from adhesions
74
Tenorrhaphy
suturing together of the divided ends of a tendon
75
Tenotomy
surgical incision into a tendon
76
Myorrhaphy
surgical suturing of a muscle
77
myotomy
surgical incision into a muscle
78
ADL
activities of daily living
79
CTS
carpal tunnel syndrome
80
CFS
chronic fatigue syndrome
81
EMG
electromyography
82
Hemi
hemiplegia
83
IC
intermittent claudication
84
MD
muscular dystrophy
85
MG
myasthenia gravis
86
OT
occupational therapy, occupational therapist
87
PM
polymyositis
88
Quad
quadriplegia, quadriplegic
89
RSD
repetitive stress disorder
90
ADL
activities of daily living

Medical Terminology 101 (20 decks)

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