what are schemes and who came up with them?
Piaget: and they are building blocks/ organized patterns of functioning that adapt and change over time (earliest seen scheme is reflexes)
what are the principles underlying developmental change?
assimilation, accommodation, organization
what is the sensorimotor period?
-initial cog development stage
-infants increase coordination of sensory input and motor outputs
-form behavioral schemes based on environment
what is imitation and when does it happen?
sensorimotor period
its where an activity from past can be reproduced
object permanence and stage
understanding that objects exist still when they can’t be seen (qualitative difference in thinking) (see a-b video)
sensorimotor substage 1 (simple reflexes) ?
-1st month
-inborn reflexes used (assimilation)
-some reflexes accommodate infants experiences
SM substage 2 (primary circular reactions)
-1-4 months
-begin to coordinate single actions into sets of activities
-babies repeat engaging activities bc they want to experience it more
SM substage 3 (secondary circular reactions)
-4-8 months
-child starts to act upon outside world
-they seek to repeat enjoyable events
-secondary circular reactions occur?
what are the two main things that develop over the sensorimotor period?
imitation: reproduce actions seen in past
object permeance: understand that object still exists even when they can’t be seen
SM substage 4 (coordination of secondary circular & reactions/secondary schemes
-8-12 months
- goal directed behavior begins
-many schemes combine and coordinate to generate one act to solve issues
-know they want to get to a specific end point
SM substage 5 (tertiary circular reactions)
-12-18 months
- schemes w/ deliberate variation of actions w/ desirable consequences develop
-carry out mini experiments to observe consequences
SM substage 6 (beginnings of mental representation)
-18 months to 2 years
-have capacity for mental representation or symbolic thought such as ; (mental representation, understanding causality, ability to pretend, deferred imitation)
what is the timeline of imitation?
-2mo: can imitate actions they can see themselves make
-8-12mo: can imitate facial expressions
-1yr on: imitation of unknown action can occur, deferred imitation occurs (imitation of seen action occurs at a later time), TV viewing patterns can adversely influence later social interactions
what is the object permanence timeline?
-2mo: rudimentary expectations shown by surprise when object disappears
-6-8mo: looking for a partially hidden object
8-12mo: reaching for/searching for completely hidden toy
