ch5 - muscles and tendons Flashcards
(98 cards)
1
Q
peristalsis
A
waves of alternate constriction and relaxation in a tube ie digestive tract. Involuntary muscle
2
Q
insertion
A
insertion of a muscle is the attachment of a muscle to a more movable part of the skeleton, as distinct from the origin
3
Q
fascia
A
sheet of fibrous connective tissue, holds the muscle in place.
4
Q
tendon
A
extends from the fascia, attaches to a bones periosteum at the origin/insertion of the muscle
5
Q
muscle fibers
A
muscle cells
6
Q
pectoral girdle
A
connects axial skeleton to upper limbs
7
Q
rotator cuff
A
four muscles originating from the scapula, wrap around the shoulder joint and fuse together to from one large tendon - rotator cuff
8
Q
Biceps Brachii
A
a muscle of the arm that has two heads or points of origin on the scapula
9
Q
root - ceps
A
head
10
Q
root - bachi
A
of the arm
11
Q
brachialis
A
a muscle that lies underneath the bies and is the strongest flexor of the forearm
12
Q
brachioradialis
A
muscle that helps flex the forearm
13
Q
root - delt
A
triangle
14
Q
suffix - oid
A
resembling
15
Q
deltoid
A
large fan shaped muscle connecting the scapula and the clavicle to the humerus
16
Q
dorsum (dorsal)
A
back part of the body including hand
17
Q
ventral
A
front or surface of the body
18
Q
latissimus dorsi
A
the widest broadest muscle in the back
19
Q
root - latiss
A
wide
20
Q
root - dorsi
A
of the back
21
Q
suffix - imus
A
most
22
Q
pectoral
A
pertaining to the chest
23
Q
root - pector
A
chest
24
Q
root - thenar
A
palm
25
thenar eminence
the fleshy mass at the base of the thumb
26
hypothenar eminence
the fleshy mass at the base of the little finger
27
triceps brachi
muscle of the arm that has three heads or points of origin
28
root - duct
lead
29
abduction
moving away from the midline
30
adduct
moving toward the midline
31
calcaneus
the heel bone
32
calcaneal tendon
(achilles tendon) the tendon of the heel fromed from the gastrocnemius and soleus muscles and inserted into the calcaneus
33
gastrocnemius
major muscle in the back of the lower leg
34
gluteus
refers to one f three muscles in the buttock
35
gluteus maximus
the largest muscle in the body, covering a large part of each buttock
36
gluteus minimus
the smallest of the gluteal muscles and lies under the gluteus medius
37
gluteus medius
partially covered by the gluteus maximus
38
hamstring
grou pof three muscles on the posterior side of the thigh that join at the back of the knee
39
popliteal fossa
the hollow at the back of the knee
40
quadriceps femoris
an anterior thigh muscle with four heads
41
thigh muscles
rectus femoris
vastus lateralis
vastus medialis
vastus intermedius (lies benearth rectus femoris)
42
hamstring muscles
biceps femoris long head
biceps femoris short head
semimembranosus
semitendinous
43
upper arm muscles
deltoid
biceps brachii
brachialis
brachioradialis
triceps brachi (lateral and long head)
latissimus dorsi
44
lower leg muscles
tibialis anterior
soleus
gastrocnemius
45
fibromyalgia
pain in the muscle fibers
46
root - fibro
fiber
47
sufix - algia
pain
48
myopathies
diseases of skeletal muscles not caused by nerve disorders, causing muscles to become weak or wasted
49
muscular dystrophy
gneral term for hereditary progressive disorders affecting skeletal muscles
50
Duchenne muscular dystrophy DMD
a condition with symmetrical weakness and wasting of pelvic shoulder and proximal limb muscles
51
prefix - dys
bad, difficult
52
inflammatory myopathies
protective responses to injured tissues marked by redness increased heat swelling and pain
53
muscle cramps
sudden short painful contractions of a muscle or group of muscles
54
muscle strains
stretch or partial or complete tear in the muscle tendon or muscle-tendon combination
55
muscle soreness
exercise increases lactic acid in muscle fibers causing inflammation
56
rhabdomyolysis
the breakdown of muscle fibers to produce myoglobin
57
myoglobin
protein of muscle that stores and transports oxygen
58
ganglion
fluid containing swelling attached to the synovial sheath of a tendon
59
tenosynovitis
inflammation of the sheath that surrounds a tendon
60
bursitis
inflammation of the lubricating sac of the rotator cuff, can also be produced by overuse
61
rotator cuff tear
injury of the shoulder girdle, caused by wear and tear from overuse in work or sports
62
tendonitis - tendinitis
inflammation of the tendon
63
myositis
inflammation of the muscle
64
polymyositis
inflammation of many muscles
65
contracture
muscle shortening due to spasm or fibrosis
66
ADL
activities of daily living
67
BKA
below the knee amputation
68
COTA
certified occupational therapy assistant
69
IADLs
instrumental activities of daily living
70
PM&R
physical medicine and rehabilitation
71
PVD
peripheral vascular disease
72
diagnostic procedures for disorders of msucles and tendons
blood tests
electromyography
nerve conduction studies
magnetic resonance imaging MRI and computed tomography CT
ultrasonography
muscle biopsy
genetic testing
myositis specific antibodies MSA
73
antibody
protein produced in response to an antigen
74
root - body
substance
75
prefix - anti
against
76
antimetabolite
a substance that replaces or inhibits a specific part of a cells normal metabolism
77
root - metabol
change
78
corticosteroid
a hormone produced by the adrenal cortex
79
creatine kinase
enzyme elevated in the plasma following heart muscle damage
80
root - creat
flesh
81
suffix = ase
enzyme
82
root - kin
motion
83
eletrcomyography
recording of electrical activity in a msucle
84
enzyme
protein that induces change in other substances
85
immunosupresive
substance that causes failure of the immune system
86
inflammation
a basic complex of reactions in blood vessels and adjacent tissues in response to injury or abnormal stimulation
87
ultrasonography
delineation of deep structures using sound waves
88
NSAIDS
nonsteroidal anti inflammatory drugs
inhibit the two cyclooxygenase enzymes that produce inflammation
89
types of NSAIDS
acetylsalicylic acid - aspirin
ibuprofen
naproxen
90
anabolic steroid
prescription drug used by some athletes to increase muscle mass
91
root - anabol
to raise up
92
root - ster
solid
93
analgesia. -- analgesic
state in which pain is reduced -- agent that produces analgesia
94
root - alges
sensation of pain
95
prefix - an
without
96
antipyretic
agent that reduces fever
97
root - pyret
fever
98
root - orthot
corect
