Challenging Religious Changes, 1533-37

Question 1

Conditional Restraint of Annates 1532

Answer 1

Description
Temp stopped payments to Rome, usually for a new clergyman
Aim to distance from Rome gradually
Impact on Religion / King
Forced Clergy to accept power of the King and restricted the legal / financial power of the Church. Increased Henry’s power by rejecting the power of the Pope in England

Question 2

Restraint of Appeals 1533

Answer 2

Description
Stopped legal appeals in church courts being sent to Rome
Aimed to increase the power of the King and reinforce the divine right of Kings
Impact on Religion / King
Clearly increased Henry’s power through Imperial Kingship, taking the church futher out the legal system

Question 3

Act of Succession 1534

Answer 3

Description
Declared marriage to Catherine of Aragon was never valic- Mary Illegitimate
Marriage to Anne Boleynn legitimate and the heirs to the throne would be their children
Impact
Able to change laws to bypass church, loss of church power

Question 4

Act of Supremacy 1534

Answer 4

Description
Henry Supreme Head of CofE
Impact
Complete loss of church power

Question 5

Treason act 1534

Answer 5

Definition
Refined treason to mean speaking against king and power over the church

Question 6

Act of ten articles 1536

Answer 6

Definition
Define doctrins of new church
mostly catholic looking
Eucharist article ambiguous and sacrements from 7 down to 3

Question 7

Act for Dissolution of the Lesser Monastries 1536

Answer 7

Dissolve monastries worth less than £200 p/y, destroy buildings, strip lead from roof, destroying stained glass windows.

stemmed from valour ecclesiasticus

Question 8

Act of Six Articles 1539

Answer 8

Went back on act of ten articles, back towards more traditional catholic approach
H remailed head

Question 9

Act for the Dissolution of the Greater Monastries

Answer 9

Removing bigger monastries to sell off land to get money to fight France

Question 10

Religious grievences

Answer 10

Dissolution of the monastries
act of supremacy
peoples sacred of losing monastries and going to hell as they didn’t know who to follow

Affected all parts of society but mostly lower classes

Question 11

Social & Economic grievances

Answer 11

act of uses- land lost
worried about losing the stability brought by nunnerys/monastries
high food price
struggles to pay government subsidies

lower classes often relied heavily on monastries for help and heathcare

Question 12

Political grievences

Answer 12

reigious acts passed through parliament
Cromwell and Cramner come from common backgrounds so are percieved to be getting above their station and used thier power against commoners

effects lower class more

Question 13

Lincolnshire rising 1536- Causes

Answer 13

Worried about losing nunnery
sparked by commisioners visiting local parishes (Louth)
Act of Uses
Sheep and Cattle fines

Question 14

Lincolnshire rising 1536- Support

Answer 14

lower classes who were dependent on the parish for help (alms)

Question 15

Lincolnshire rising 1536- Threat

Answer 15

Low
easily defeated by Henry
couldn’t fight or they’d be committing treason

Question 16

Pilgrimage of Grace- causes

Answer 16

Prompted by Linconshire Rising
Dissolution of the Monastries
resentment of enclosure
collection of 1513 subsidy
Inheritence laws- loss of land+ income

Question 17

Pilgrimage of Grace- Supporters

Answer 17

Aske- Lawyer
Commons support
Some nobility
held castles, established legitimacy through Lord percy

Question 18

Pilgrimage of Grace- Threat

Answer 18

Large threat, many men, 30,000
Forced to negotiate
Took over Pontefract castle
Barnard Castle

Question 19

Bigod’s Rising- Causes

Answer 19

Same as P of G
Bigod support P of G

Question 20

Bigod’s Rising- Support

Answer 20

Little support due to the fear of punishment from Henry

Question 21

Bigod’s Rising- Threats

Answer 21

Easily defeated

Question 22

Leadership - Aske

Answer 22

Strength
Came up with name for PofG- good propaganda
Legal training
Able to negotiate
Insisted on peace and stopped footsoldiers entering York to prevent stealing and disorder
Weaknesses
Too trusting
Judgement clouded by idealism- didn’t accept concessions ordered by Norfolk
Thought Henry had forgiven him

Question 23

Leadership - Bigod

Answer 23

Strengths
Member of the Gentry
powerful & well educated
close to king & Cromwell

Weakness
Tried to escape in 1536
reluctant to join
failed to raise local support
didn’t share the same religious beliefs as his men
gentry came under suspicion
had helped to implement Cromwell’s changes in Yorkshire

Question 24

Leadership - Cromwell

Answer 24

Strengths
good relationship with the king
able to enforce royal authority in the North
used the involvement of the monastries as cause to dissolve them
manipulate abbots in return for money
Weakness
Unable to attack due to the size of the rebellion
rebellion played into the hands of the conservative faction- eg Norfolk
Enemies in court, Norfolk, Gardiner and the Bishop of WInchester

Question 25

Leadership- Henry VIII

Answer 25

**Strengths** Resources- people at hand to put down rebellion able to work with Norfolk to negotiate confident in power manipulated the rebels- put nothing in writing - no proof **Weaknesses** Letter sent to the rebels to discourage them had opposite effect

Question 26

Leadership - Norfolk

Answer 26

**Strengths** Power & land constant contact w/ king and cromwell defeated army 4x his own without violence trusted by the rebels- key to ensuring it didn't escalate

Question 27

Leadership - Suffolk

Answer 27

**Strengths** Experienced leader **Weaknesses** Didn't comply

Question 29

Repression

Answer 29

144 rebels executed Aske executed Bigod's used as an excuse to punish people more

Question 30

Security on the throne by 1537

Answer 30

Mostly secure put down large rebellion made example out of rebels negotiation showed power