Challenging the Succession 1485-99 Flashcards
Henry VII (18 cards)
Acts of Attainder
Strips noble of land and title
Treaty of Medina del Campo 1489
Treaty between Spain and England, establish policy agianst France, reduction in tariffs , marriage between Catherine of Aragon and Arthur Tudor
Auld Alliance
Alliance between France and Scotland
Treaty of Etaples 1492
Ended French support for Warbeck
Henry VII accepts French rights to duchy of Brittany
Bonds and Recognisances
Debs created or owed to ensure good bahviour
Securing the throne
Domestic Problems
Rival claimants
John De La Pole
Earl of Warwick
Elizabeth of York
Anne+Catherine of York
Pretenders
Simnel
Warbeck
Usurper
Yorkists believed that he had usurped the throne from Richard III
Securing the throne
International Problems
Auld Alliance
Ireland on the side of the Yorkists- a good springboard for invasion
France Large army, money, large population
Spain Europe-wide respect, against France
Holy Roman Empire Large, claims in Italy, aquired Burgundy
Burgundy Run by Edward IV’s sister- Margaret, backed Warbeck
Role of Lancastrian Faction
Jasper Tudor- extensive control in Wales- became Cheif Justice
John De Vere prominent on Henry’s council in East Anglia
Role of the Yorkist Faction
Thomas + Humphrey Stafford & Lord Lovell hoped to reinstate a yorkist monarchy
escaped and entered a sanctuary in Colechester- plotted to rebel against Henry
tried to raise rebellion in the Midlands
H Stafford executed- T pardoned
Lovell tried to raise rebellion in Yorkshire- little support and suppressed by J Tudor. L fled to Burgundy and found refuge with Margaret of Burgundy
Lambert Simnel- Nature of Challenge
Pretended to be Earl of Warwick- Failed but rebellion still continued
Support
2,000 German mercenaries
Sailed to Ireland where Irish nobility were sympathetic
Simnel crowned king in Ireland
Percy- earl of Northumberland- didn’t support but didn’t stop (Supposed to be first line of defence)
Henry’s Response to Simnel
Ordered coasts to be guarded (didn’t work)
As Henry recieved news the rebels woulf come in from Ireland he moved northwards and westwards to gather supplies and men
Defeat/Overcoming the rebellion
(Simnel)
Battle of Stoke- Rebel army not very well equipped, able to win without too much work
Lack of die hard Yorkists meant lack of support
Most nobility just wanted stability, which is what Henry brought, meant they were unwilling to risk land and titles so went with him
Placed army in middle of England - meant easy win at stoke
Passed 28 acts of attainder
Severity of the threat
(Simnel)
Severe
Mix of Yorkists, rivals and foriegn support
managed to raise an army
Ireland- good springboard
Threat from De La Pole not realised
Less
Irish not well equipped
Perkin Warbeck- Nature of challenge
Claimed to be Richard Duke of York
Support
Charles VIII (France), Margaret of Burgundy, Emperor Maximillian (Holy Roman Empire), James IV (Scotland)
Warbeck 1491-95
Burgundy recognised Warbeck as Richard
Began to gather support in England
Agents from Burgundy sent to infiltrate England- try to recruit supporters
Betrayed by W Stanley- 1495 tried and executed for treason
July 1495- Warbeck attempted a landing in Deal, Kent with 300 soldiers, gained no local support, fled andleft those who had been waiting for him to be arrested and executed
Warbeck 1495-97
Warbeck moved to Scotland
Sept 1496 tried to invade across the boarder with 1,400 men- Failed to attract support and retreated back to Scotland
Henry forced to raise tax to fund and army- provoked cornwall rebellion, forcining Henry to divert troops to deal with the 15,000 cornish rebels
James IV gets tired of supporting Warbeck so Warbeck leaves to Ireland
Failed to gain support in Ireland so moved to Cornwall with only 300 men
Gained between 3,000-8,000 men from Cornwall
Didn’t gain nobility support and was captured after being driven out of Exeter
Defeat/ Overcomming Warbeck
Not formally imprisoned until he tried to escape in June 1498 and he was put in the tower
Tried to plot with Earl of Warwick whilst in the tower- Failed, executed
Henry- well equipped and had strong tactics
