Troublesome Ireland, Tyrone's Rebellion 1594-1603

Question 1

Underlying factors - political

Answer 1

Tudor monarchs acted like they owned Ireland- they only owned the Pale. Although most of Ireland was governed by Anglo-Irish nobility

Irish Culture percieved as threatening to English - tanistry (organising inheritence of land and titles) and didn’t use English titles.

Question 2

Underlying Factors - Religious

Answer 2

Due to the break with rome Anglo-Ireland relations worsened, meant Irealnd was at risk of supporting catholic crusades
Began to follow a policy of concillaton
1541- Irish Christians agreed to recognise Henry as King

Encouraged to surrender land to be re-granted as tenants in chief

Irish nobility remained semi-independent, Mary I appointed Sussex as Lord deputy, fortified the Paleand encouraged English settlers to begin to occupy just out of the pale- settlers saw it as their duty to try to convert the Irish

Question 3

Catalysts to rebellion

Answer 3

Began to pursue a strickter policy in Ireland, Traditions and laws to be replaced by English
Irish regions split into counties
Tried to establish a C of N type thing in connaught (1569) and Munster (1571)

1592 - 775 english in Munster
Irish landords pay 10 shillings p/y for every 50 hecatres of land they inhabited, this reduced arbitary financial demands (1585). In return they were expected to carry out english law

English began to encroach into Ulster Sir T. Smith allowed to establish settlement
1574 - 200 of the O’ Neil clan massacred at a feast they were invited to

Disagreeing with English land agreements - treason

Question 4

Triggers

Answer 4

Dislike of Bagenal
O’Donnel and Maguire besieged Enniskillen castle
August - Maguire with Tyrone’s brother ambused english relief force

Tyrone wanted complete control over Ulster in return for cooperation with English- didn’t get what he wanted so pushed to rebel

Question 5

Battle of Clontibret 1