Chap 11 Lab

Question 1

A relationship where unlike organisms exist together is called

Answer 1

Symbiosis

Question 2

What are the three types of symbiotic relationship

Answer 2

-commensalism
-mutualism
-parasitism

Question 3

Is a form of symbiotic relationship in which two species live together and one species benefit from the other without harming or benefiting the another.

Answer 3

Commensalism

Question 4

Is a symbiotic relationship in which two organisms mutually benefit from each other.

Answer 4

Mutualism

Question 5

What does the produce vitamin K

Answer 5

Normal intestinal flora

Question 6

What vitamin is needed for the activity of some of the body’s clotting factors

Answer 6

Vitamin K

Question 7

Is the form of symbiotic relationship where one party are symbiont benefits to the detriment of the other.

Answer 7

Parasitism

Question 8

What are the two important elements in parasitism

Answer 8

Parasite and the host

Question 9

Are organisms that usually depend on the host for survival and are classified in several ways.

Answer 9

Parasites

Question 10

What are the parasites based on habitat

Answer 10

1. Ectoparasites
2. Endoparasites

Question 11

Parasites that live outside the host body (fleas, lice)

Answer 11

Ectoparasites

Question 12

Invasion of the body by ectoparasite is called

Answer 12

Infestation

Question 13

Parasites that live inside the body of the host (helminths or worms)

Answer 13

Endoparasites

Question 14

Invasion of the body by endoparasite is called ____, which result of entry and multiplication of the parasite within the host.

Answer 14

Infection

Question 15

What are the parasite based on ability to live independently of the host

Answer 15

1. Facultative parasites
2. Obligate parasites

Question 16

Parasites that can live independently of the host (free living). These parasites do not have to live inside a host to complete their life cycle.

Answer 16

Facultative parasites

Question 17

Parasites that must live inside a host (plasmodium leishmania, hookworms).

Answer 17

Obligate parasites

Question 18

Majority of the parasite that infect humans are called

Answer 18

Obligate parasites

Question 19

What are the parasite based on mode of living

Answer 19

1. Permanent parasite
2. Intermittent parasite
3. Incidental parasite
4. Transitory parasite

Question 20

Parasites that remain in a host from early life to maturity (plasmodium)

Answer 20

Permanent parasites

Question 21

Parasites that simply visit the host during feeding time ,(non-pathogenic parasites)

Answer 21

Intermittent parasites

Question 22

Parasites that occur in an unusual host (dog tapeworm in human)

Answer 22

Incidental parasites

Question 23

Parasite whose larva develops in a host while the adult is free living (dog tapeworm)

Answer 23

Transitory parasites

Question 24

Parasites that are seen in an unusual organ, different from what which it ordinarily parasitizes(Ascaris lumbricoides(

Answer 24

Erratic parasites

Question 25

Are organism that harbor the parasite and provide nourishment to the parasite.

Answer 25

Host

Question 26

What are the four types of host

Answer 26

1. Definitive host 2. Intermediate host 3. Reservoir host 4. Paratenic host

Question 27

This type of host harbor the adult stage of the parasite or where the sexual stage or sexual phase of the life cycle of parasite occurs.

Answer 27

Definitive host

Question 28

This type of ho st harbor the larva stage of the parasite or where the asexual stage of life cycle of the parasite occurs.

Answer 28

Intermediate host

Question 29

This type of host are vertebrate host that harbor the parasite and may act as additional source of infection in man.

Answer 29

Reservoir host

Question 30

This type of host serve as a means of transport for the parasite so that the infective stage of a certain parasite may reach its final host.

Answer 30

Paratenic host

Question 31

What are the sources of exposure to infection or infestation

Answer 31

1. Contaminated soil or water 2. Food containing the parasites infective stage 3. A blood sucking insect 4. A domestic or wild animal harboring the parasite. 5. Another person fomites

Question 32

What are the modes of transmission

Answer 32

1. Fecal oral transmission 2. Bite of blood sucking insect vectors 3. Inhalation of eggs 4. Transplacental or congenital infection 5. Transmammary 6. Sexual intercourse

Question 33

Is the most common mode of transmission of most intestinal parasite.

Answer 33

Fecal oral transmission or ingestion of contaminated food and water

Question 34

Is the most common portal exit of parasite

Answer 34

Anus

Question 35

The term ______ refers to the dynamics of any disease process.

Answer 35

Pathogenesis

Question 36

What are the mechanisms of disease production by parasites

Answer 36

1. Trauma or physical damage 2 Lytic necrosis (burst or death of cell) 3. Stimulation of host tissue reaction 4. Toxic and allergic phenomena 5. Opening of pathways for entry of other pathogens into the tissue (open wand not being covered)

Question 37

What leads to intense itchiness in the anus

Answer 37

Pinworm

Question 38

Pinworms causes the infected individuals usually children to scratch their anus and in the process may lead to development of superficial

Answer 38

Erosion of anus

Question 39

What are the general life cycle of parasites

Answer 39

1. Source of infection 2. Mode of transmission 3. The infective stage 4. Pathogenic stage 5. Diagnostic stage

Question 40

Is the most common specimen used to detect presence of parasites.

Answer 40

Stool