CHAP 39 - PAIN MANGMT

Question 1

11 PAIN ASSESSMENT

Answer 1

1. The Pain Experience Inventory
2. The Cries Neonatal Postoperative Pain Measurement Scale
3. The N-Pass and Nips Tool
4. The Comfort Behavior Scale
5. The Flacc Pain Assessment Tool
6. The Pocker Chip Tool
7. Wong-Baker Faces Pain Rating Scale
8. The Oucher Pain Rating Scale
9. The Numeric or Visual Analog Scale
10. The Adolescent Pediatric Pain Tool
11. Logs and Diaries

Question 2

• is a tool consisting of 8 questions for children and 8 questions for the child’s parents. To elicit the terms a childuses todenotepain and what actions a child thinks will best alleviate pain

Answer 2

THE PAIN EXPERIENCE INVENTORY

Question 3

• is a 10-point scale named for five physiologic and behavioral variables commonly associated with neonatal pain:
  C - crying
  R - requires increased oxygen administration
  I - increased vital signs
  E - expression
  S - sleeplessness

Answer 3

The Cries Neonatal Postoperative Pain Measurement Scale

Question 4

• is based on six items: cry, facial expression, breathing patterns, positioningof amrs,position of legs, and state of arousal.

Answer 4

NEONATAL INFANT PAIN SCALE (NIPS)

Question 5

• is designed to measure acute and ongoing chronic paininacriticallyill infant. The criteria for the N-PASS includes crying/irritability, behavior state, facial express, extremities/tone, andvitalsign changes (HR, RR, BP, SpO2 )

Answer 5

NEONATAL PAIN AGITATION AND SEDATION SCALE (N-PASS)

Question 6

• a pain rating scale devised by nurses to rate pain in very young infants. - 6 different categories: alertness, calmness/agitation, crying, physical movement, muscle tone, and facial expression. Ratedfrom 1-5. the lowest score is 6 (no pain), and 30 is the highest (a great deal of pain).

Answer 6

The Comfort Behavior Scale

Question 7

• is a scale by which healthcare providers can rate a young child’s pain when a child cannot give input, there is languagebarrier,or the child has a developmental delay.  Five types of behaviors that can be used to rate pain: Facial expression, Leg movement, Activity, Cry, and Consolability

Answer 7

The FLACC Pain Assessment Tool

Question 8

Uses four red poker chips placed in a horizontal line in front of the child.  These are pieces of hurt
 This is a little bit of hurt
 This is more hurt
 This is the most hurt you could ever have

Answer 8

THE POKER CHIP TOOL

Question 9

• this scale consists of six cartoonlike faces ranging from smiling to tearful. Explain to the child that each face fromleft torightcorresponds to a person who has no hurt up to a lot of hurt.

Answer 9

Wong-Baker Faces Pain Rating Scale

Question 10

• consists of six photographs of children’s faces representing “no hurt” to “biggest hurt you could ever have”. Includedisavertical scale with number from 0-100. To used the photograph portion, point to each photograph and explain what eachphotorepresents. To use the numbered scale portion, point to each section of the scale and explain that 0 means “nohurt”, 1to29means “a little hurt”, 30 to 69 means “middle hurt”, 70 to 99 means “big hurt”, and 100 means “the biggest hurt youcouldeverhave”.

Answer 10

THE OUCHER PAIN RATING SCALE

Question 10

• having children keep logs or diaries in which they note when pain occurs and the intensity of the pain each timeit occurscanbe useful for assessing children with chronic but intermittent pain.

Answer 10

LOGS AND DIARIES

Question 10

• uses a line with end points marked “0 = no pain” on the left and “10 = worst pain” on the right.

Answer 10

THE NUMERIC OR VISUAL ANALOG SCALE

Question 11

• combines a visual activity and a numeric scale.

Answer 11

THE ADOLESCENT PEDIATRIC PAIN TOOL