Chap 4

Question 1

2 fundamental kinds of cells in the body

Answer 1

• Sex Cells

- Somatic Cells

Question 2

Types of body tissues

Answer 2

Epithelial,
Connective,
Nervous,
Muscle

Question 3

Epithelial Tissue

Answer 3

FORMS
-body cover (skin)
-lining of body cavities
-glandular tissue
FUNCTION
-protect
-absorb
-filter and secrete

Question 4

Connective Tissue

Answer 4

connects and supports

Question 5

Nervous Tissue

Answer 5

control

Question 6

Muscle Tissue

Answer 6

Movement

Question 7

Epithelia

Answer 7

• apical surface (exposed)
• basal surface attached to basement membrane
• avascular/ innervated

Question 8

Maintaining the integrity of epithelial tissue

Answer 8

• Intercellular connections
• Attachment to basal lamina
• Maintenance and repair

Question 9

Intercellular Connections

Answer 9

epithelial cells attach to one another and extracellular fibres of basal lamina

Question 10

A Clear layer, or lamina tissue that contains glycoproteins and a network of fine protein filaments is?

Answer 10

Basal Lamina

Question 11

What attaches the deepest epithelial cell to basal lamina

Answer 11

hemidesmosome

Question 12

Encircles cells and binds them to their neighbours through bands of dense transmembrane glycoproteins attached to microfilaments

Answer 12

Adhesion belt

Question 13

Channel proteins that form a passageway and let small molecules and ions pass

Answer 13

Connexons

Question 14

Increases the resistance of the tissue to mechanical stress

Answer 14

Desmosome

Question 15

Cell adhesion molecules (CAM)

Answer 15

Cadherin

Question 16

1. Simple Squamous Epthelia

Answer 16

• diffusion and filtration
• forms alveoli, capillary walls and endocardium
• lines body cavities
• reduces friction

Question 17

Simple Squamous Epithelia LOCATION

Answer 17

• Mesothelia
• Endothelia
• alveoli in lungs

Question 18

Substance passes through the narrow space btwn cells=

Answer 18

paracellular transport

Question 19

substance enters cell via active or passive means =

Answer 19

transcellular transport

Question 20

2. Stratified Squamous Epithelia

Answer 20

• most common
• protection
• lines mouth, esophagus, apical surface

Question 21

Apical surface

Answer 21

showed skin

Question 22

3. Simple Cuboidal Epithelia

Answer 22

• absorption and secretion
• thyroid gland
• kidney tubules

Question 23

4. Stratified Cuboidal Epithelia

Answer 23

• lining of some ducts

- protection, secretion, absorption

Question 24

5. Transitional Epithelia

Answer 24

• bladder

- permits recoil and expansion after stretching

Question 25

6. Simple Columnar Epithelia

Answer 25

- absorption and secretion - line digestive tract - contains goblet cells and mucous

Question 26

7. Stratified Columnar Epithelia

Answer 26

-salivary gland duct

Question 27

8. Ciliated Pseudostratified Epithelia

Answer 27

- lines most of respiratory tract | - protection and secetion

Question 28

Exocrine Glands

Answer 28

- merocrine - apocrine - holocrine

Question 29

What method of secretion does a mucous cell use?

Answer 29

Merocrine

Question 30

Sweat glands =

Answer 30

eccrine

Question 31

Armpits =

Answer 31

apocrine

Question 32

What method of secretion does a eccrine sweat gland use?

Answer 32

merocrine

Question 33

Connective Tissue (CT) consists of

Answer 33

- Cells - Extracellular matrix : bulk of CT - tissue fluid - loose and dense

Question 34

Connective Tissue function

Answer 34

- bind - protect - store and insulate - transport

Question 35

Can connective tissue be avascular and vascular?

Answer 35

yes

Question 36

1. Loose: Areolar Tissue

Answer 36

forms basement membrane | -btwn skin and muscle

Question 37

: Adipose tissue

Answer 37

deep to skin | -padding, insulates

Question 38

: Reticular Tissue

Answer 38

- liver, kidney, spleen | - supporting framework

Question 39

Dense: Regular CT

Answer 39

forms ligaments and tendons

Question 40

: Irregular CT

Answer 40

dermis of skin

Question 41

: Elastic

Answer 41

elastic ligaments

Question 42

2. Fluid Connective tissue

Answer 42

Blood and lymph

Question 43

3. Supporting Connective tissue

Answer 43

Cartilage and bone - synovial joints - 2/3 of matrix = calcium salts, rest is collagen fibres

Question 44

:Cartilage

Answer 44

- condrocytes | - avascular

Question 45

:Bone

Answer 45

hard matrix - vascularized - hematopoiesis

Question 46

bone cells are called

Answer 46

osteoblasts

Question 47

Hyaline Cartilage

Answer 47

- synovial joint - larynx - stiff/ flexible support - reduces friction

Question 48

Elastic Cartilage

Answer 48

- ear | - support

Question 49

Fibrous Cartilage

Answer 49

knee joint pads | -prevents bone-bone contact

Question 50

What is found around the perimeter of all 3 cartilage

Answer 50

perichondrium

Question 51

4 types of membranes

Answer 51

- Mucous - Serous - Cutaneous - Synovial

Question 52

CT layers and wrappings that support and surrounding organs

Answer 52

Fasciae

Question 53

Nervous Tissue

Answer 53

- neurons and glial cells | - excitable

Question 54

Muscle Tissue

Answer 54

- contractile tissues - excitable tissue - called muscle because of shape - Skeletal, Cardiac, Smooth

Question 55

Cutaneous Membrane

Answer 55

Epidermis and Dermis, and Hypodermis

Question 56

Epidermis

Answer 56

- stratified squamous epithelial - tough/ protective - relys on dermis for nutrients

Question 57

Dermis

Answer 57

- contains dense irregular connective tissue | - contains sweat glands na dsensory receptors

Question 58

Hypodermis

Answer 58

- contains adipose tissue | - anchors skin to underlaying structures