Chap 5

Question 1

Integumentary System consists of

Answer 1

• cutaneous membrane

- accessory membrane

Question 2

Cutaneous membrane =

Answer 2

skin

Question 3

Accesory membrane =

Answer 3

hair, nails

Question 4

EPIDERMIS

Answer 4

• stratified squamous epithelium
• main cell type = keratinocytes
• hemidesmosomes to basal lamina

Question 5

Thin skin =

Answer 5

4 layers of keratinocytes

Question 6

Thick skin =

Answer 6

5 layes of keratinocytes

Question 7

Epidermal layers - superficial to deep

Answer 7

• Stratum Corneum
• Stratum Lucidium
• Stratum Granulosum
• Stratum Spinosum
• Stratum Basale (germinativum)

Question 8

Stratum Corneum

Answer 8

• “horn”
• dead cells tightly interconnected by desomosomes
• water resistant
• 15-30 layers of keratinocytes

Question 9

Stratum Lucidium

Answer 9

• “clear”
• thick skin only
• acked with keratin and devoid of organelles

Question 10

Stratum Granulosum

Answer 10

• “grainy”
• large amounts of protein keratin and keratohylain
• 3-5 layers of keratinocytes

Question 11

Stratum Spinosum

Answer 11

• “spiny”
• 8-10 layers of keratinocytes
• includes Langerhans (dendritic) cells

Question 12

Stratum Basale (Germinativum)

Answer 12

• anchored to basal lamina

- epidermal ridges which interlock with dermal papillae

Question 13

Melanin packages into vesicles =

Answer 13

melanosomes

Question 14

Breakdown of melanosomes =

Answer 14

light skinned

Question 15

Breakdown in stratum granulosum

Answer 15

dark skinned

niggers

Question 16

Orange/ yellow pigament

Answer 16

carotene

Question 17

Yellow/ brown pigament

Answer 17

Melanin

Question 18

Melanocytes in stratum basale =

Answer 18

skin colour

Question 19

Function of Melanin

Answer 19

protection from effects of UV radiation

Question 20

What produces hair colour?

Answer 20

Melanin

Question 21

Cyanosis

Answer 21

-low blood flow

Question 22

DERMIS – 2 layers

Answer 22

• Papillary layer

- recticular layer

Question 23

Papillary layer

Answer 23

• areolar tissue

- dermal papillae = folds on surface

Question 24

Reticular layer

Answer 24

• dense irregular tissue

- collagen and elastic fibres

Question 25

collagen =

Answer 25

very strong, resists stretching

Question 26

elastic fibres =

Answer 26

stretchy

Question 27

Nerve cells regulate to:

Answer 27

- blood flow - secretion rates - moniter sensory receptors

Question 28

Sensory Receptors respond to:

Answer 28

- light touch - deep pressure - vibration - chemicals - temp

Question 29

HYPODERMIS - tissue types

Answer 29

-areolar and adipose tissue

Question 30

Functions

Answer 30

- elasticity - reduce heat loss - energy reserve - blood reservoir

Question 31

HAIR

Answer 31

- insulates - protects - detects movement - arrector pili

Question 32

Sebaceous Glands

Answer 32

secrete oil through holocrine secretion -2 types: _ simple branched alveolar glands _ sebaceous follicles

Question 33

simple branched alveolar glands

Answer 33

share duct with hair follicle

Question 34

sebaceous follicles

Answer 34

not associated with hair follicles

Question 35

Sebaceous glands functions

Answer 35

- inhibits bacterial growth | - lubs and protects keratinized cells (hair and skin)

Question 36

Sweat glands =

Answer 36

sudiriferous glands

Question 37

Merocrine sweat glands

Answer 37

-controlled by theromoreglutatory and emotional center -Function: _cooling _excrete water _flushes

Question 38

Apocrine sweat glands

Answer 38

- includes cermuninous and mammary glands | - odour

Question 39

_____ cells are contractile cells that squeeze the gland

Answer 39

Myoepithelial

Question 40

Ceruminous glands (modified apocrine sweat gland)

Answer 40

- secretion: cerumen = ear wax | - protects ear drum by trapping foreign particles

Question 41

Skin Cancer types

Answer 41

- basal carcinoma - Squamous cell carinoma - Melanoma

Question 42

Basal Carcinoma

Answer 42

- least dangerous, most common | - stratum basale

Question 43

Squamous cell carinoma

Answer 43

-stratum spinosum

Question 44

Melanoma

Answer 44

-least common, most dangerous -Characteristics: _Asymmetry _Border _Colour _Diameter