Chap 8

Question 1

Primary function of Iron in the body?

Answer 1

Oxygen transport and storage

Question 2

70% of the body’s total iron is stored where?

Answer 2

In the hemoglobin of RBCs

Question 3

Iron absorption and storage are influenced by?

Answer 3

Amount and type of available iron in the diet. (Nutritional Deficiency)

Question 4

Which part of Iron metabolism can be effected by GI tract problems?

Answer 4

Can cause incomplete absorption.

Question 5

Example of increased demand?

Answer 5

Pregnancy
The growth years

Question 6

Examples of excessive loss of Iron?

Answer 6

Acute or Chronic Hemorrhage
(Female’s period during child-bearing years) (GI bleeding in men).

Question 7

Iron-containing compounds assist distribution through?

Answer 7

Functional (assist enzymatic &metabolic functions).
Transportation or Storage

Question 8

Iron locations, besides blood?

Answer 8

Macrophages of spleen and liver (RBC destruction, liberating Iron).
Hepatocytes and Enterocytes (Iron storage)

Question 9

Forms of Iron?

Answer 9

Non-heme
Heme

Question 10

Non-Heme Iron is described as?

Answer 10

Ionic/Ferric
In veggies and whole grains.
2-20% absorbed

Question 11

Heme Iron is described as?

Answer 11

In red meats
Easily absorbed
5-35% absorbed

Question 12

Iron transport is a mechanism of?

Answer 12

Transferrin

Question 13

Transferrin

Answer 13

Transports iron to the BM, for use in Hgb synthesis.
Synthesized by the liver.

Question 14

Iron storage is a mechanism of?

Answer 14

Ferritin

Question 15

Where is Iron primarily stored?

Answer 15

The liver

Question 16

Ferritin

Answer 16

Soluble iron, W/ quick release for heme synthesis.

Question 17

Hemosiderin

Answer 17

Partially degraded iron, W/ a slow release.

Question 18

The iron pools in the body?

Answer 18

Hgb (Largest)
Storage Iron (Ferritin) Available
Myoglobin (Tissue Hgb)
Tissue Iron (Enzymes)
Transport (Transferrin)

Question 19

The functional pool of Iron?

Answer 19

Hgb Iron in the blood.
Myoglobin Iron in the muscles.
Iron in Peroxidase, Catalase, Cytochromes, Riboflavin, enzymes in all cells.

Question 20

Hgb Iron in the blood? (% or g)

Answer 20

68% or 2400g

Question 21

Myoglobin iron in muscles? (% or g)

Answer 21

10% or 0.360g

Question 22

Iron in Peroxidase, Catalase, Cytochromes, Riboflavin Enzymes in all cells? (% or g)

Answer 22

3% or 0.120g

Question 23

The storage pool of Iron?

Answer 23

Ferritin and Hemosiderin (mostly in Macrophages & Hepatocytes, small amount in all cells except mature RBCs).

Question 24

Storage Iron? (% or g)

Answer 24

18% or 0.667g

Question 25

The transport pool of Iron?

Answer 25

Transferrin in plasma

Question 26

Transport Iron? (% or g)

Answer 26

< 1% or 0.001g

Question 27

Serum Ferritin (SF) adult reference range?

Answer 27

40-400 ng/mL

Question 28

What does the SF indicate diagnostically?

Answer 28

Iron stores

Question 29

Serum Iron (SI) adult reference range?

Answer 29

50-160 umol/L

Question 30

What does SI indicate diagnostically?

Answer 30

Available transport Iron

Question 31

Total Iron Binding Capacity (TIBC) reference range?

Answer 31

250-400 ug/dL

Question 32

What does TIBC indicate diagnostically?

Answer 32

Indirect indicator of Iron stores.

Question 33

Transferrin Saturation (TS) reference range?

Answer 33

20-55%

Question 34

What does TS indicate diagnostically?

Answer 34

Indirect indicate of Iron stores W/ Transport Iron.

Question 35

Transferrin Receptor (TR) reference range?

Answer 35

1.15-2.75 mg/L

Question 36

What does TR indicate diagnostically?

Answer 36

Functional Iron available

Question 37

RBC Zinc Protoporphyrin reference range?

Answer 37

< 80 mg/dL of RBCs

Question 38

What does the RBC zinc protoporphyrin indicate diagnostically?

Answer 38

Functional Iron available in RBCs.

Question 39

Hemochromatosis

Answer 39

A condition caused by increased Iron absorption and deposits in vital organs, (I.E. liver, spleen and pancreas) that then become fibrotic.

Question 40

Clinical Symptoms of Hemochromatosis?

Answer 40

Hyperpigmentation of skin

Question 41

Laboratory Findings?

Answer 41

Increased: Iron and Ferritin Decreased: TIBC and Transferrin

Question 42

How is hemochromatosis treated?

Answer 42

Therapeutic Phlebotomy or chelation drugs.

Question 43

Porphyria

Answer 43

Excessive production of porphyrins in the BM. (Or liver)The excess accumulates in developing RBCs.

Question 44

Porphyria is caused by?

Answer 44

Defect in 1 or more of the enzymes in heme synthesis pathway.

Question 45

What is another name for PTs W/ Porphyria?

Answer 45

OG Vampires or Werewolves due to their skin photosensitivity to the sun.