Chap. 9 Flashcards
(9 cards)
what is an example of a scientist who has behaved badly but not in science
professor tony lasaga submitted a paper for publication in a prestigious journal while being in prision as a convicted paedophile. while the editor refused to put it out fro review a vote was put forward by the associate editors who voted to put it to review and it was ultimately published.
what are the 5 main questions the incident about professor tony lasaga raises
- is science moral
- should a scoietal journal have a different code of conduct than a commercial entity
- should former people who were co-authors be penalised for this behvaiour
- are there some crimes that preclude membership to the scientific community
- was the editor imposing western views of morality on his readership. (aka. would it be different if it was an arranged marriged w a 15 yo girl)
what did Jan hendrik schön do
he published a series of freudlant papers in high profiole scientific journals. it was noticed when readers saw the same graph twice
what did woo suk hwang do
he and his team were the first to clone a dog in 2005. it was done by removing and replacing the neculs of adult eggs. he tried this with humans however his results were freudulent.
what is the timeline of events in the woo suk hwang case
F 2004 - decleration of 30 cloned human embryos
A 2005 - snuppy born
May 2005 - team says it made stem cell lines from skin cells of 11 people
N 2005 - hwang apologises for using the eggs of his own research staff. a total of 2061 were used
15 D 2005 - colleague claims stem cell research was fake
23 D 2005 - panel finds results of May 2005 were freud
J 2006 - panel finds 2004 work also fake
Mar 2006 - hwang dissmissed from seoul national uni
what was the piltdown hoax
in pitdown sussex 1912 charles dawson claimed to have been given human like fossils that were excavated from here. this skull was the unknown form of an early man however it was found that the skull came from modern human and orangutang skulls
what are the 3 ideals of science.
- universalism: results are judged by their own merit not the people presenting them
- peer review: of work before publication
- Repetition: work should be repeatable by others using the same methods and materials.
how did the three ideals of science correct fraudulent science in terms of Shon and Hwang
Schon:
- deceit picked up in PR process
- people trying to repeat or extend schons work would have been sceptical.
- however due to the prestige of the university and team the ideal of universalism was not present.
Hwang:
- stem cell researchers became skeptical when they could not repeat research. however it did come to light due to whistle blowers
- peer reviewers failed to detect the use of the same cell images twice
is science self-correcting?
yes however the process can take a long time causing people to suffer along the way.
