Chaper 7 8 9 Test Flashcards
(73 cards)
1
Q
Front: What are the 3 types of adaptations?
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2
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Back: Physiological
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Structural
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4
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5
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6
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Front: Give an example of structural adaptation.
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7
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Back: Camouflage or mimicry (like a stick insect)
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8
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9
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10
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11
Q
Front: Difference between variation and adaptation?
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12
Q
Back: Variation = individual differences; Adaptation = inherited trait that improves survival
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14
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15
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16
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Front: What is natural selection?
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17
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Back: Process where organisms better suited to the environment survive and reproduce
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19
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21
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Front: What does “fitness” mean in evolution?
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22
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Back: The ability to survive and reproduce
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Front: What’s the difference between natural and artificial selection?
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Back: Natural = environment selects; Artificial = humans select traits
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Front: What’s the founder effect?
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Back: When a new population is started by a few individuals
limiting genetic diversity
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Front: What’s the bottleneck effect?
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Back: A sharp reduction in population size reduces genetic diversity
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Front: Give 2 pre-zygotic reproductive barriers.
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Back: Temporal isolation
mechanical isolation
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Front: Give 2 post-zygotic reproductive barriers.
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Back: Hybrid sterility
hybrid inviability
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Front: Difference between homologous and analogous structures?
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Back: Homologous = same origin
different function; Analogous = different origin
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Front: Example of directional selection?
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Back: Dark-colored peppered moths becoming more common during industrial revolution
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Front: What is adaptive radiation?
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Back: One species evolves into many different forms (e.g.
Darwin’s finches)
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Front: What are the 5 sources of evidence for evolution?
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Back: Fossils
biogeography
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Front: What is gene flow?
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Back: Movement of alleles between populations due to migration
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