Chapter 1 Flashcards
(99 cards)
1
Q
Anatomy
A
Study of structures (parts)
2
Q
Physiology
A
Study of structures functions (how it works)
3
Q
Pathology
A
Study of disease
4
Q
Standard anatomical position
A
Standing, arms at sides, palms and head forwards
5
Q
Anterior
A
Front/belly
6
Q
Posterior
A
Backside
7
Q
Superior
A
Close to top
8
Q
Inferior
A
Close to bottom
9
Q
Proximal
A
Closer to connection of body
10
Q
Distal
A
Far from connection of body
11
Q
Medial
A
Midline of body
12
Q
Lateral
A
Away from midline
13
Q
Superficial
A
Closer to surface
14
Q
Deep
A
Far from surface
15
Q
Brachial
A
Arm
16
Q
Carpal
A
Wrist
17
Q
Cubital
A
Elbow
18
Q
Femoral
A
Thigh
19
Q
Palmar
A
Palm of hands
20
Q
Patellar
A
Knee
21
Q
Plantar
A
Sole of foot
22
Q
Tarsal
A
Ankle
23
Q
Abdominal
A
Belly
24
Q
Axillary
A
Arm pits
25
Cephalic/cranial
Head
26
Cervical
Neck
27
Facial
Face
28
Inguinal
Groin
29
Pelvic
Lower end of trunk
30
Thoracic
Chest
31
Umbilical
Navel
32
Right hypochondriac region
Right upper region of abdomen
33
Epigastric region
Upper middle region of abdomen
34
Left hypochondriac region
Upper left region of abdominal
35
Right lumbar region
Right middle region of abdomen
36
Umbilical region
Middle region of the abdomen
37
Left lumbar region
Left middle region of the abdomen
38
Right inguinal region
Lower right region of the abdomen
39
Hypogastric region
Lower middle region of the abdomen
40
Left inguinal region
Lower left region of the abdomen
41
Sagittal plane
Separate right from left, down midline
42
Transverse/horizontal plane
Desperate top from bottom
43
Frontal/coronal plane
Separate anterior from posterior
44
Supine position
Anterior facing up (on back)
45
Prone position
Anterior facing down (on stomach)
46
Cranial cavity
Has brain, meninges line it
47
Vertebral cavity
Has spinal cord, lined by meninges
48
Pleural cavity
Has 2, houses lungs, pleural lining
49
Pericardial cavity
Houses heart, pericardium lines it
50
Abdominal cavity
Houses digestive organs and spleen, lined by peritoneum
51
Pelvic cavity
Holds bladder, rectum and reproductive organs, lined by peritoneum
52
Serious membranes
Double layered membranes that contain fluid between the layers
53
Visceral pleura
Part of pleural membrane touching the lung
54
Parietal pleura
Part of pleural membrane not in contact with the lung
55
Visceral pericardium
Membrane in contact with heart
56
Perietal pericardium
Membrane not in contact with heart
57
Peritoneum
Abdominopelvic cavity serous membrane
58
Retroperitoneal
Between the parietal peritoneum and posterior abdominal wall
59
Mesentaries
Where peritoneum comes back parallel to itself
60
Homeostasis
All functions of body working together to maintain steady internal environment
61
Negative feedback
Process body uses to reverse the direction away from homeostasis
62
Positive feedback
Process body uses to increase movement away from homeostasis
63
Disease
Abnormally functioning organs or organ system resulting in disruption of homeostasis
64
Acute
Rapid onset of disease, severe symptoms and short duration
65
Chronic
Slow progression and long duration of disease
66
Predisposing factors
Risk factors or activities that are participated in that play large roll in persons overall health
67
Infections
Diseases caused by microorganisms
68
Congenital disorders
Disorders present at birth
69
Genetic disorders
diseases caused by inherited genes
70
Developmental disorders
Diseases caused by events that May occur while child is developing in the womb, at birth or after birth
71
Gender
Predisposing factor for disease, difference in anatomy
72
Lifestyle
Contributor to disease, habits and poor life choices
73
Environment
Predisposing factor for disease
74
Hereditary
Combination of genetic material from both parents can cause predisposing factors for disease
75
Objective signals
Signals that can be measured
76
Subjected signals
Symptoms relative to the patient that indicate somethings wrong
77
Pain
Symptom indicating physical suffering or distress due to injury or illness
78
Inflammation
Symptom of disease, normal immune response to injury or disease, redness, heat, swelling, pain
79
Infectious disease
Infections caused by pathogens
80
Communicable diseases
Infectious diseases that are contagious
81
Noncommunicable diseases
Infectious diseases that are not contagious
82
Cancers
Non infectious disease, uncontrollable cell growth and proliferations
83
Immune disorders
Non infectious disease, body’s immune system ineffectively protecting and defending itself
84
Hypersensitivities
Immune disorder, allergies
85
Immunodeficiency disorders
Immune disorder, deficiency in immune systems ability to defend itself
86
Autoimmune disorders
Immune disorder, inability for immune system to distinguish between own tissue and foreign tissue
87
Genetic disorders
Abnormalities caused by change in genetic material
88
Mental disorders
Conditions if the mind, disorders associated with behaviour or psychological well-being
89
Trauma/injury
Wound or shock produced by injury
90
Diagnosis
Process of determining by examination the nature of the disease
91
Skin biopsy
Remove piece of tissue or cells to analyze
92
Skin scraping
Take scraping of skin cells to view under microscope
93
Woods light
Use black light to view pigment changes in skin
94
Differential diagnosis
Used when more than one disease present, list of diseases form most to least severe, then rule out/confirm diagnosis
95
Diagnostic test/screenings
Tests used to diagnose patients
96
Palliative treatment
Used at end stages, to make comfortable
97
Curative treatment
Treatment regimen designed to cure patient
98
Therapeutic treatment
Long term plan to restore normal function as much as possible
99
Preventative treatment
Steps taken to prevent disease from happening
