Chapter 1 & 2

Question 0

prions

Answer 0

pathogen composed of proteins without DNA or RNA

Question 1

pathogen

Answer 1

disease causing organism

Question 2

cep-, ceph-

Answer 2

head, brain

Question 3

chole

Answer 3

bile

Question 4

dys-

Answer 4

difficulty

Question 5

meno-

Answer 5

month

Question 6

orchi-

Answer 6

testes

Question 7

sign

Answer 7

objectively observable indication of disease or disorder

Question 8

types of bacteria

Answer 8

• Diplococci
• Staphylococci
• Streptococci
• Bacilli
• Spirochetes
• mycoplasma

Question 9

diplococci

Answer 9

single cell microorganism - paired cocci - pneumonia

Question 10

staphylococci

Answer 10

clump together like grapes - methicillin-resistant staphylococcus aureus MRSA

Question 11

streptococci

Answer 11

chain together - strep throat, rheumatic fever, necrotizing fasciitis

Question 12

bacilli

Answer 12

elongated, rod-shaped - most capable of forming spores

Question 13

spirochetes

Answer 13

spiral - syphilis, Lyme disease

Question 14

myoplasma

Answer 14

tiny microorganisms - some sexually transmitted infections

Question 15

antiseptic

Answer 15

anything that prevents infection

Question 16

disinfection

Answer 16

destroys pathogens by exposure to chemical or physical agents

Question 17

potentially infectious body fluids

Answer 17

semen, vaginal secretion, breast milk, and blood

Question 18

purpose of inflammation

Answer 18

to protect body, limit range & prepare for healing

Question 19

inflammation cellular activity

Answer 19

endothelial cells - activate platelets
platelets become jagged and sticky weave net of fibrin with proteins to form blood clots
Final cleanup stage - monocytes and macrophages clean up debris prep for healing

Question 20

injured cells release factors that form pro-inflammatory chemicals of

Answer 20

• prostaglandins
• leukotrienes
• C-reactive protein

Question 21

stages of healing

Answer 21

• acute - inflammation stage vasoconstriction, dilation, edema 1-3 days
• subacute - endothelial cells grow into new capillaries 2-3 weeks
• post-acute - remodeling, scar tissue
• chronic - pus is not reabsorbed

Question 22

anti-inflammatories & massage

Answer 22

schedule session when drug is at its lowest activity to get most accurate feedback

Question 23

CDC recommended disinfectant

Answer 23

10% bleach solution for high-touch surfaces

Question 24

dry laundry

Answer 24

on high heat

Question 25

fissure

Answer 25

cracks in skin

Question 26

boil

Answer 26

local bacterial infections of the skin

Question 27

cellulitis

Answer 27

streptococcal infection of deep layers of skin

Question 28

tinea corporis

Answer 28

ringworm - starts as small round itchy patch & gradually increase in size as fungus spreads

Question 29

head lice

Answer 29

wingless insects that suck blood from the scalp

Question 30

acne rosacea

Answer 30

pustules form in more severe cases

Question 31

malignant melanoma

Answer 31

asymmetric mole with irregular border & mottled color

Question 32

squamous cell carcinoma

Answer 32

sore that doesn't heal

Question 33

second degree burn

Answer 33

involves redness & blisters often scars

Question 34

decubitus ulcer

Answer 34

bed sores - often seen on back of heels, sacrum & gluts/buttocks

Question 35

MRSA

Answer 35

methicillin-resistant streptococcus aureus

Question 36

athlete's foot

Answer 36

tinea pedis

Question 37

herpes simplex

Answer 37

virus that never expelled from body but lays dormant & then activates

Question 38

scabies

Answer 38

tiny mite - spread skin-to-skin contact - itching of unrelenting quality that gets progressively worse

Question 39

pubic lice

Answer 39

lice located anywhere except for head hair

Question 40

head lice location

Answer 40

back of head root of hair shaft

Question 41

mycoses

Answer 41

fungal infections of human skin caused by different types of fungi

Question 42

how do warts clear up

Answer 42

go away eventually on own if untreated

Question 43

adolescent acne

Answer 43

caused by excessive amounts of testosterone

Question 44

onychomycosis

Answer 44

fungal infection of skin under finger or toenails

Question 45

herpetic sycosis

Answer 45

multiple lesions over beard area - spread by shaving while lesions active

Question 46

butcher's warts

Answer 46

associated with meat handling

Question 47

keloid scars

Answer 47

scar tissue that doesn't stay within boundaries of skin injury

Question 48

allergic vs. irritant contact dermatitis

Answer 48

allergic - immune response to substance by affected person | irritant - substance irritating to anyone

Question 49

rhinophyma

Answer 49

permanent distortion and thickening of skin, usually nose in acne rosacea

Question 50

comedones

Answer 50

blackheads - hair follicle open to air and sebum turns dark

Question 51

actinic keratosis

Answer 51

show individual is at risk as this precancerous condition may lead to squamous cell carcinoma

Question 52

eczema

Answer 52

condition connected to immune dysfunction and hypersensitivity - when pustules massage is locally contraindicated to keep infection from spreading

Question 53

cancer

Answer 53

uncontrolled replication of cells

Question 54

melanoma

Answer 54

malignant cancer that penetrates layers deeply and travels through lymph or blood streams

Question 55

basal cell carcinoma

Answer 55

most common - slow growing

Question 56

squamous cell carcinoma

Answer 56

chronic skin irritant - can grow in mouth, tongue, cheeks and gums - from mid-range UV light exposure or in long-term skin injury or inflammation sites

Question 57

Focal epithelial hyperplasia

Answer 57

wart on mouth, lower lip, or tongue - Heck disease

Question 58

Most common group A beta-hemolytic strep bacteria

Answer 58

necrotizing fasciitis - may cause circulatory shock & death

Question 59

merruca vulgaris

Answer 59

glow-growing viral infection causing cauliflower-like growths on knuckles