Chapter 3

Question 1

What are epimysium, endomysium and perimysium made of?

Answer 1

connective tissue

Question 2

tendons connect to

Answer 2

muscle to bone

Question 3

contributing factor to trigger points

Answer 3

pain-spasm-ischemia cycle

Question 4

best description of a myofascial trigger point

Answer 4

area of hyper-toxicity has local & referred pain

Question 5

Most common cause for myositis ossificans

Answer 5

injury by blunt trauma

Question 6

Who most likely to develop mysoistis ossificans

Answer 6

spinal cord injury survivors

Question 7

Injury most commonly associated with shin splints

Answer 7

medial tibial stress syndrome

Question 8

What feature of lower leg construction contributes to risk of shin splints

Answer 8

4 tough fascial compartments that separate the lower leg muscles

Question 9

What phase requires immediate medical intervention

Answer 9

acute

Question 10

Do to muscles in spasm as part of splinting mechanism

Answer 10

locally avoid massage until subacute or postacute stage

Question 11

Associated with exercise-associated muscle cramping

Answer 11

dehydration, hyperthermia, overstimulation

Question 12

most effective treatment for a strain

Answer 12

controlling inflammation & rehabilitation of damaged tissues

Question 13

calcium is pulled off bones faster than it is deposited

Answer 13

osteoporosis

Question 14

What bones are most vulnerable to osteoporosis

Answer 14

femur & vertebrae

Question 15

Why women more prone to osteoporosis

Answer 15

child bearing, breast feeding, and smaller bones

Question 16

Paget disease

Answer 16

bone is reabsorbed faster than normal & replaced with fibrous connective tissue

Question 17

hyperkyphosis

Answer 17

humpback

Question 18

structural postural deviation

Answer 18

soft tissue pulls vertebrae & ribs into permanent distortion

Question 19

subluxation

Answer 19

bones are out of optimal alignment

Question 20

formation of uric acid crystals around joints

Answer 20

gout

Question 21

joint most likely to be affected by gout

Answer 21

1st metatarsal & proximal phalanx

Question 22

why does gout tend to occur in the feet

Answer 22

gravity & lower temperature of extremities

Question 23

lyme disease

Answer 23

bacterial infection caused by tick bite

Question 24

symptoms associated with Lyme disease

Answer 24

bull’s eye rash

Question 25

degenerative joint disease

Answer 25

osteoarthritis

Question 26

leading risk factor for osteoarthritis

Answer 26

age, wear & tear & overweight

Question 27

how does osteoarthritis usually begin

Answer 27

damage to articular cartilage

Question 28

factors contribute to patellofemoral syndrome

Answer 28

overuse & poor alignment

Question 29

dependable symptom of patellafemoral syndrome

Answer 29

crepitus at the knee

Question 30

influence of massage for patellafemoral syndrome

Answer 30

helps with alignment issues, but can't directly access the damaged tissue

Question 31

key feature of spondylosis

Answer 31

ostephytic growths

Question 32

most serious complication of spondylosis

Answer 32

spinal cord pressure

Question 33

ruptured anterior talo-fibular ligament is a

Answer 33

3rd degree sprain

Question 34

recommended self-care for acute sprains

Answer 34

RICE (rest, ice, compression, elevation)

Question 35

temporomandibular joint disorder

Answer 35

collection of injuries to the jaw

Question 36

bruxism

Answer 36

teeth grinding

Question 37

what does dystrophin do

Answer 37

protein that converts fat or glycogen to fuel for muscles

Question 38

role of massage for muscular dystrophy

Answer 38

indicated with caution because sensation is intact

Question 39

Baker's cyst

Answer 39

pouch at posterior aspect of the knee

Question 40

If Baker cyst client has calf different temp than other what should therapist suspect

Answer 40

blood clot distal to the cyst

Question 41

hallux valgus

Answer 41

bunions

Question 42

contributing factor for bunions

Answer 42

high heels & narrow-toed shoes

Question 43

most common location for bursitis

Answer 43

subacromial bursae

Question 44

symptom for bursitis

Answer 44

pain on passive & active movement

Question 45

Dupuytren contracture

Answer 45

palmar fasciitis

Question 46

ganglion cysts

Answer 46

connective tissue pouches filled with fluid from tenosynovial sheaths

Question 47

massage for client with ganglion cyst

Answer 47

locally contraindicated - LEAVE IT ALONE

Question 48

hiatal hernia damages this structure

Answer 48

the diaphragm

Question 49

men experience this hernia

Answer 49

Indirect inguinal hernia | epigastric hernia

Question 50

increases risk of abdominal hernia

Answer 50

lifting & twisting

Question 51

Osgood-Schlatter disease etiology

Answer 51

in teens femur & tibia grow faster than soft tissue creates tension at tibial tuberosity

Question 52

long-term consequence of Osgood-Schlatter disease

Answer 52

An enlarged tibial tuberosity

Question 53

pes cavas

Answer 53

jammed arches

Question 54

plantar fasciitis

Answer 54

fibers are frayed and disorganized on plantar fascia

Question 55

symptoms and signs of Plantar fasciitis

Answer 55

pain in sole of feet distal to calcaneous - more pain in morning

Question 56

Scleroderma

Answer 56

fibroblasts near small blood vessels that produce abnormal amounts of collagen

Question 57

tendinosis

Answer 57

Long-term degeneration-collagen fibers disrupted & discontinuous - tendon heals with poor collagen quality and alignment

Question 58

tendinopathies long-term recovery treatment options

Answer 58

combination of rest, ice, stretching & carefully gauged exercise

Question 59

difficulty extending 2 fingers & gritty sensation may be

Answer 59

tenosynovitis

Question 60

common location for tenosynovitis

Answer 60

Palmer wrist or hand

Question 61

whiplash

Answer 61

cervical acceleration-deceleration CAD

Question 62

what is irritated with carpal tunnel syndrome

Answer 62

median nerve

Question 63

symptoms of carpal tunnel syndrome occur where

Answer 63

lateral hand

Question 64

degenerative disc disease

Answer 64

Small tears in the annulus accumulated over many years - decreased disc height & dehydration of nucleus

Question 65

discs usually bulge this direction

Answer 65

posteriolaterally

Question 66

which nerve roots are most at risk for compression with thoracic outlet syndrome

Answer 66

C8 & T1

Question 67

client wakes at night with arm and hand feeling painful and tingly with periods of numbness, reduced sensation, and weakness in affected arm may have

Answer 67

thoracic outlet syndrome

Question 68

3 typical stages of adhesive capsulitis

Answer 68

freezing-frozen-thawing