Chapter 1 Flashcards
Introduction to Medical Terminology
1
Q
-algia
A
pain, suffering
2
Q
dys-
A
bad, difficult, or painful
3
Q
-ectomy
A
surgical removal, cutting out
4
Q
hyper-
A
excessive, increased
5
Q
hypo-
A
deficient, decreased
6
Q
-itis
A
inflammation
7
Q
-osis
A
abnormal condition, disease
8
Q
-ostomy
A
the surgical creation of an artificial opening to the body surface
9
Q
-plasty
A
surgical repair
10
Q
-rrhage
A
bleeding, abnormal excessive fluid discharge
11
Q
-rrhaphy
A
surgical suturing
12
Q
-rrhea
A
flow or discharge
13
Q
-rrhexis
A
rupture
14
Q
-sclerosis
A
abnormal hardening
15
Q
The 4 types of word parts used to create many medical terms
A
word roots, combining forms, suffixes, & prefixes
16
Q
Contains the basic meaning of a term usually, but not always, indicates the involved body part
A
word root
17
Q
A word root with a combining vowel added at the end, used when 2 root words are combined or when a suffix beginning with a consonant is added.
A
combining form
18
Q
When a combining form appears alone, how is it shown?
A
With a back slash between the word root & combining vowel (ex. gastr/o)
19
Q
What letters are considered vowels in medical terminology?
A
a, e, i, o, u, & y
20
Q
What must always be added to a word root to complete a term?
A
a suffix
21
Q
What does the suffix usually indicate?
A
the procedure, condition, disorder, or disease
22
Q
What does the prefix usually indicate?
A
location, time, number, or status
23
Q
gastr-
A
stomach
24
Q
cyan/o
A
blue
25
erythr/o
red
26
leuk/o
white
27
melan/o
black
28
poli/o
gray
29
-cyte
cell
30
cyanosis
a blue discoloration of the skin caused by a lack of adequate oxygen in the blood
31
erythrocyte
a mature red blood cell
32
leukocyte
a white blood cell
33
melanosis
any condition of unusual deposits of black pigment in body tissues or organs
34
myel
spinal cord
35
poliomyelitis
a viral infection of the gray nerve tissue of the spinal cord
36
enter
small intestine
37
gastroenteritis
an inflammation of the stomach & small intestine
38
neur/o
nerve
39
neuroplasty
the surgical repair of a nerve
40
neurorrhaphy
suturing together the ends of a severed nerve
41
tonsill
tonsils
42
tonsillitis
inflammation of the tonsils
43
tonsillectomy
the surgical removal of the tonsils
44
cranium
the portion of the skull that encloses the brain
45
crani
skull
46
-um
noun ending
47
cardi
heart
48
-ac
pertaining to
49
cardiac
pertaining to the heart
50
-a
noun ending
51
-e
noun ending
52
-us
noun ending
53
-y
noun ending
54
-al
pertaining to
55
-an
pertaining to
56
-ar
pertaining to
57
-ary
pertaining to
58
-eal
pertaining to
59
-ical
pertaining to
60
-ial
pertaining to
61
-ic
pertaining to
62
-ine
pertaining to
63
-ior
pertaining to
64
-ory
pertaining to
65
-ous
pertaining to
66
-tic
pertaining to
67
gastrosis
any disease of the stomach
68
-ago
abnormal condition
69
-esis
abnormal condition
70
-ia
abnormal condition
71
-iasis
abnormal condition
72
-ion
abnormal condition
73
-ism
abnormal condition
74
pathology
the study of all aspects of diseases
75
path
disease
76
-ology
the study of
77
gastralagia
(stomachache) pain in stomach
78
-dynia
pain (not as common)
79
gastrodynia
pain in stomach
80
gastritis
an inflammation of the stomach
81
-megaly
enlargement
82
hepatomegaly
an abnormal enlargement of the liver
83
hepat/o
liver
84
-malacia
abnormal softening
85
arteriomalacia
the abnormal softening of the walls of an artery or arteries
86
arteri/o
artery
87
opposite of -sclerosis
-malacia
88
-necrosis
tissue death
89
arterionecrosis
the tissue death of an artery or ateries
90
-sclerosis
abnormal hardening
91
arteriosclerosis
the abnormal hardening of the walls of an artery or arteries
92
opposite of -malacia
-sclerosis
93
-stenosis
abnormal narrowing
94
arteriostenosis
abnormal narrowing of an artery or arteries
95
-centesis
a surgical procedure to remove fluid for diagnostic purposes or to remove excess fluid
96
abdominocentesis
the surgical puncture of the abdominal cavity to remove fluid
97
abdomin/o
abdomen
98
-graphy
the process of producing a picture or record or the process of recording
99
angiography
the process of producing a radiographic (xray) study of blood vessels after the injection of a contrast medium to make these blood vessels visible
100
angi/o
blood vessel
101
-gram
a picture or record
102
angiogram
the resulting film that is produced by angiography
103
my/o
muscle
104
-scopy
visual examination
105
arthr/o
joint
106
arthroscopy
the visual examination of the internal structure of a joint
107
-rrhagia
bleeding (usually sudden, severe)
108
hem/o
blood
109
hemorrhage
the loss of a large amount of blood in a short time
110
myorrhaphy
the surgical suturing of a muscle wound
111
dia-
through
112
diarrhea
the frequent flow of loose or watery stools
113
myorrhexis
the rupture of a muscle
114
ab-
away from, negative, absent
115
dextr/o
right side
116
ex-
out of, outside, away from
117
macro-
large, abnormal size, or long
118
mega-, megal/o
large, great
119
pre-
before
120
ad-
toward, to, in the direction of
121
sinistr/o
left side
122
in-
in, into, not, without
123
micr/o, micro
small
124
olig/o
scanty, few
125
post-
after, behind
126
nat
birth
127
prenatal
the time and events before birth
128
perinatal
the time and events surrounding birth
129
peri
surrounding
130
postnatal
time and events after birth
131
eu-
good, normal, well, or easy
132
inter-
between or among
133
intra-
within or inside
134
sub-
under, less, or below
135
super, supra-
above or excessive
136
eupnea
easy or normal breathing
137
interstitial
between, but not within, the parts of a tissue
138
intramuscular
within the muscle
139
subcostal
below a rib or ribs
140
supracostral
above or outside the ribs
141
opposite of dys-
eu-
142
opposite of ad-
ab-
143
opposite of hypo-
hyper-
144
opposite of inter-
intra-
145
opposite of sub-
super-, supra-
146
-ology
the study of
147
laryng
larynx or throat
148
rhin/o
nose
149
ot/o
ear
150
otorhinolaryngology
the study of the ears, nose, and throat (ENT)
151
otolaryngology
the study of the ears and larynx or throat
152
lith
stone
153
lithotomy
a surgical incision for the removal of a stone; or the name of an examination position in which the patient is lying on back with legs in stirrups
154
edema
swelling caused by abnormal accumulation of fluid in cells, tissues, or cavities of the body
155
appendic
appendix
156
appendicitis
inflammation of the appendix
157
phalanx
singular finger or toe bone
158
phalanges
more than one finger or toe bones
159
end-
within
160
endarterial
pertaining to the interior or lining of an artery
161
ather/o
plaque or fatty substance
162
-oma
tumor
163
atheroma
a fatty deposit within the wall of an artery
164
arthralgia
pain in a joint or joints
165
appendectomy
the surgical removal of the appendix
166
col
colon
167
colostomy
the surgical creation of an artificial excretory opening between the colon and the body surface
168
colotomy
a surgical incision into the colon
169
sign
objective evidence of disease (ex. fever)
170
diagnosis
the identification of a disease
171
acute
a condition that has a rapid onset, a severe course, and a relatively short duration
172
disease
a condition in which one or more body parts are not functioning normally
173
symptom
subjective evidence of a disease (ex. pain, headache)
174
differential diagnosis
(aka r/o) is an attempt to determine which one of several possible diseases is causing the signs and symptoms that are present
175
chronic
condition of long duration
176
eponym
a disease, structure, operation, or procedure named for the person who discovered or described it first (ex Alzheimer's disease)
177
syndrome
a set of s/sx that occur together as part of a specific disease process
178
prognosis
a prediction of the probable course and outcome of a disease
179
remission
the temporary, partial, or complete disappearance of the symptoms of a disease w/o having achieved a cure
180
acronym
a word formed from the initial letter of the major parts of a compound term
181
fissure
a groove or crack-like sore of the skin (ex. corners of mouth)
182
fistula
an abnormal passage, usually b/w 2 internal organs or leading from an organ to the surface of the body.
183
ileum
the last and longest portion of the small intestine (think "e" for "entero" or intEstine.
184
ilium
part of the hip bone
185
infection
the invasion of the body by a pathogenic organism
186
malaise
a feeling of general discomfort or uneasiness
187
exudate
a fluid the leaks out of an infected wound
188
inflammation
localized response to an injury or to the destruction of tissues
189
laceration
a torn or jagged wound or accidental cut
190
lesion
a pathologic change of the tissues due to disease or injury
191
mucous
the specialized membranes that line the body cavities
192
mucus
the fluid secreted by mucous membranes
193
myc/o
fungus
194
mycosis
any abnormal condition or disease caused by a fungus
195
myel/o
bone marrow or spinal cord
196
-pathy
disease
197
myelopathy
any pathologic change or disease in the spinal cord
198
-ologist
specialist
199
-ology
the study of
200
dermat
skin
201
neo
new
202
palpation
an examination technique where examiner's hands are used to feel the texture, size, consistency, and location of certain body parts
203
palpitation
a pounding or racing heart
204
pyel/o
renal pelvis
205
pyelitis
inflammation of the renal pelvis
206
py/o
pus
207
pyoderma
any acute, inflammatory, pus-forming bacterial skin infection
208
pyr/o
fever or fire
209
pyrosis
aka heartburn
210
supination
the act of rotating the arm so that the palm of the hand is forward or upward ("soup nation')
211
suppuration
the formation of discharge or pus
212
triage
the medical screening of patients to determine their priority of need and proper placement of treatment
213
trauma
wound or injury
214
vir
virus or poison
215
viral
pertaining to a virus
216
virile
having the nature, properties, or qualities of an adult male
