Chapter 1: Brain Basics

Question 1

largest part of the human brain

Answer 1

cerebrum

Question 2

bundle of fibers connecting two hemispheres of the brain

Answer 2

corpus collosum

Question 3

surface of the cerebrum

Answer 3

cerebral cortex

Question 4

functions of the frontal lobe

Answer 4

higher cognitive skills, problem-solving, movement, speech, planning

Question 5

functions of the parietal lobe

Answer 5

sensory signals, process taste, process visual info

Question 6

functions of the occipital lobe

Answer 6

process visual information, recognize shapes and colours

Question 7

location of the hippocampus

Answer 7

beneath the cerebral cortex

Question 8

function of the hippocampus

Answer 8

encodes new memories

Question 9

location of the amygdala

Answer 9

deep in the temporal lobe

Question 10

function of the amygdala

Answer 10

integrates memory and emotion

Question 11

structures deep within the brain that regulate emotion and motivation

Answer 11

limbic system

Question 12

integrates sensoyr information

Answer 12

thalamus

Question 13

sends hormonal signals to rest of the body

Answer 13

hypothalamus

Question 14

structure the hypothalamus uses to send hormonal signals

Answer 14

pituitary gland

Question 15

thalamus, hypothalamus, pituitary gland, cerebral cortex form the ___________

Answer 15

forebrain

Question 16

location of midbrain

Answer 16

beneath thalamus

Question 17

structures that help blinking and focusing

Answer 17

midbrain

Question 18

regulates complex body movements

Answer 18

basal ganglia

Question 19

plays roles in glucose regulation and sleep

Answer 19

hindbrain

Question 20

second largest part of brain in volume

Answer 20

cerebellum

Question 21

focus of the cerebellum

Answer 21

coordinates movements and motor skills

Question 22

location of the pons

Answer 22

bellow the cerebellum

Question 23

carries nerve pathways connecting the brain to the spinal cord

Answer 23

medulla

Question 24

contains neural networks that help basic functions like swallowing and heart rate

Answer 24

medulla

Question 25

midbrain, pons, and medulla form __________

Answer 25

brain stem

Question 26

information in your brain moves from one place to another by

Answer 26

chains of neurons (neural networks)

Question 27

two way circuit that connects thalamus with parts of the cortex and back

Answer 27

thalamocortical loop

Question 28

machine used to detect electrical patterns

Answer 28

electroencephalograph (EEG)

Question 29

waves created by awake brain

Answer 29

alpha and beta

Question 30

frequencies of alpha and beta waves

Answer 30

8-13 Hz and 14-30 Hz

Question 31

waves created by frontal and parietal regions of your brain

Answer 31

beta

Question 32

waves produced by sleep

Answer 32

theta and delta

Question 33

frequencies of theta and delta waves

Answer 33

4-7 Hz and 3.5 Hz

Question 34

region of the brain packed with neural circuits

Answer 34

cereberal cortex

Question 35

name of majority of neurons in the brain

Answer 35

excitatory

Question 36

most common type of excitatory neuron

Answer 36

pyramidal cell (cone shaped

Question 37

amount of dendrites on pyramidal cell

Answer 37

two

Question 38

type of neuron that suppress the activity of neighbouring neurons (less common type)

Answer 38

inhibitory

Question 39

condition that has imbalance of types of neurons

Answer 39

epilepsy

Question 40

neurons with support cells are called

Answer 40

glia

Question 41

what neuron type outnumbers other neurons

Answer 41

glia

Question 42

four main types of glial cells

Answer 42

astrocytes, microglia, ependymal cells, and oligodendrocytes

Question 43

form a network inside the brain that regulates ion concentrations

Answer 43

astrocytes

Question 44

immune cells of the brain

Answer 44

microglia

Question 45

makes the fluid that cushions the brain

Answer 45

ependymal cells

Question 46

wrap axons in a fatty myelin sheath

Answer 46

oligodendrocytes

Question 47

resting voltage of neurons

Answer 47

-70mV

Question 48

affected by signals arriving from other neurons in a circuit

Answer 48

membrane potential

Question 49

substances acting like neurotransmitters

Answer 49

amino acids, gases, organic chemicals, and peptides

Question 50

when neurotransmitters are broken down or absorbed by the axon terminal

Answer 50

reuptake

Question 51

most common type of excitatory neurotransmitter

Answer 51

glutamate

Question 52

small lipids that change the brain's response to pain

Answer 52

prostagladins

Question 53

suppress neurotransmitter release

Answer 53

neuromodulators

Question 54

send the brain cues about the activity of the brain

Answer 54

hormones