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ZOO 305 > Chapter 1 General > Flashcards

Chapter 1 General Flashcards

(101 cards)

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1
Q

a part is above another part

A

superior, cranial, cephalic

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2
Q

a part is below another part

A

inferior

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3
Q

means toward the front

A

anterior, ventral

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4
Q

means toward the back

A

posterior, dorsal

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5
Q

refers to the imaginary midline dividing the body into equal right and left halves

A

medial

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6
Q

means towards the side, away from the midline

A

lateral

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7
Q

paired structures, one on each side (lungs)

A

bilateral

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8
Q

refers to structures on the same side (right lung and kidney)

A

ipsilateral

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9
Q

refers to structures on the opposite side

A

contralateral

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10
Q

describes a part closer to a point of attachment to the trunk than another body part

A

proximal

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11
Q

opposite of proximal; a particular body part is farther from a point of attachment to the trunk

A

distal

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12
Q

means near the surface

A

superior

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13
Q

means more internal parts

A

deep

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14
Q

a lengthwise cut that divides the body into right and left portions; a plane

A

sagittal

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15
Q

sagittal; divides the body into equal parts

A

midsagittal

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16
Q

sagittal; lateral to the midline

A

parasagittal

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17
Q

horizontal; a cat that divides the body into superior and inferior portions

A

transverse

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18
Q

coronal; a section that divides the body into anterior and posterior portions

A

frontal

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19
Q

region between the thorax and pelvis

A

abdominal, celiac

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20
Q

point of the shoulder

A

acromial

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21
Q

forearm

A

antebrachial

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22
Q

anterior surface of the elbow

A

antecubital

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23
Q

armpit

A

axillary

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24
Q

arm

A

brachial

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25
cheek
buccal
26
head
cephalic, cranial
27
neck
cervical
28
ribs
costal, pectoral
29
hip
coxal, illiac
30
leg
crural
31
elbow
cubital
32
finger or toe
digital, digit
33
hand
manual
34
back of shoulder
deltoid
35
inferior posterior region of the head
occipital
36
back
dorsal; dorsum
37
thigh
femoral
38
forehead
frontal
39
external reproductive organs
genital, pubic
40
buttocks
gluteal
41
depressed area of the abdominal wall near the thigh
groin, inguinal
42
region of the lower back between the ribs and the pelvis
lumbar
43
breast
mammary
44
chin
mental
45
nose
nasal
46
mouth
oral
47
eye cavity
orbital
48
ear
otic
49
palm of the hand
palmar
50
anterior part of the knee
patellar
51
anterior chest
pectoral
52
foot
pedal
53
pelvis
pelvic
54
the inferior-most region of the trunk between the thighs and the buttocks
perineal
55
sole of the foot
plantar
56
area posterior to the knee
popliteal
57
posterior region between the hip bones
sacral
58
middle of the thorax, anteriorly
sternal
59
calf of the leg
sural
60
ankle
tarsal
61
navel
umbilical
62
spinal column
vertebral
63
shoulder blades
scapular
64
side of head near ears
temporal
65
3 movable regions of spine
cervical, thoracic, lumbar
66
2 immovable regions of spine
sacral, coccygeal
67
word for being on the spine
supine
68
heel
calcaneal
69
thumb
pollex
70
big toe
hallux
71
top of the head
parietal
72
line the walls of the thoracic and abdominopelvic cavities and fold back to cover the organs within these cavities
serous membranes
73
cavities of the head
middle ear, oral, nasal, orbital
74
membrane of the lungs
pleural
75
membranes of the abdominopelvic cavity
peritoneal
76
membranes of the heart
pericardial
77
viscera of the abdominal cavity
stomach, liver, spleen, gallbladder, kidneys, and small and large intestines
78
viscera of the pelvic cavity
terminal end of large intestine, urinary bladder, and internal reproductive organs
79
viscera of the thoracic cavity
lungs, heart, esophagus, trachea, thymus
80
separates the thoracic and abdominopelvic cavities
diaphragm
81
viscera within the mediastinum
heart, esophagus, trachea, and thymus
82
a change is not reversed but intensified, and the effector activity is initially increased rather than turned off
positive feedback
83
self-regulating control systems
homeostatic mechanisms
84
effectors are activated that can return conditions toward normal
negative feedback
85
Requirements of Organisms
water, oxygen, heat, pressure, food
86
the body's ability to keep its internal conditions stable
homeostasis
87
the water and dissolved substances outside of our cells
extracellular fluid
88
tissue fluid
interstitial fluid
89
liquid portion of the blood
plasma
90
Characteristics of Life
movement, responsiveness, growth, reproduction, respiration, digestion, absorption, circulation, assimilation, excretion
91
skin, hair, nails, sweat glands, sebaceous glands; protects tissues, regulates body temp, support sensory receptors
integumentary
92
bones, ligaments, cartilages; provide framework
skeletal
93
brain, spinal cord, nerves, sense organs; detect changes, receive and interpret sensory information, stimulate muscles and glands
nervous
94
cause movements, maintain pressure, produce body heat
muscular
95
glands that secrete hormones; control metabolic activities of body structures
endocrine
96
heart, arteries, capillaries, veins
move blood through blood vessels and transport substances throughout body
97
return tissue fluid to the blood, carry certain absorbed food molecules, defend the body against infection; lymphatic vessels, lymph nodes, thymus, spleen
lymphatic system
98
mouth, tongue, teeth, salivary glands, pharynx, esophagus, stomach, liver, gallbladder, pancreas, small and large intestines; receive, break down, and absorb food; eliminate unabsorbed material
digestive
99
nasal cavity, pharynx, larynx, trachea, bronchi, lungs; intake and output of air, exchange of gases between air and blood
respiratory
100
kidneys, ureters, urinary bladder, urethra; removes wastes from blood, maintain water and electrolyte balance, store and eliminate urine
urinary
101
the acquisition and use of energy by an organism
metabolism

ZOO 305 (7 decks)

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